关键词: 农业文化遗产, 数字化保护, 智慧农业文化遗产, 全球重要农业文化遗产, 中国重要农业文化遗产, 保护框架, 主体内容, 关键技术

Abstract:

Agricultural areas are preserved well in most countries and are famous for the long history, deep cultural deposit, and various types. In the historical process, they have formed the unique cultural landscapes, land use, and food production systems, which are fit for the local geographical environments. Agricultural areas are rich in traditional cultural customs, such as production, sacrifices, prayers, and religions. They are characterized as the values of history, culture, art, research, education, and social economy. The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations launched Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) initiative in 2002. This means that the agricultural heritage systems, as one type of special cultural heritages, are formally confirmed and are attracting widespread attention worldwide. Although the cultural heritage conservation has inevitably been involved with the digital tide, there is not enough attention on agricultural heritage digitalized conservation. To explore this issue, this paper proposes a conceptual framework for the digitalized conservation of agricultural heritage systems and mainly focuses on the pertinent context, objects, and key technologies. In this work, the authors thinks the food and livelihood security, agricultural diversity, local and traditional knowledge systems, culture, values and social organizations, landscapes and seascape features as the body of context of agricultural heritage digitalized conservation. In this paper, the conceptual framework is composed of five parts; namely, the elements of agricultural heritage systems, date types and capture methods or obtained ways, database construction and data organization, sub-systems or application program interfaces, and the main goals as well as the application fields. This paper details every part of the conceptual framework from the bottom up. Based on the above results, this paper further briefs the crucial technologies from the perspective of application development. These key technologies mainly include the analysis and process of multiple granularity spatiotemporal objects, cloud computing and services, big-data analysis, and artificial intelligence. It is especially worthy to note that multiple granularity spatiotemporal objects are the theoretical foundation of the next generation GIS. In work, GIS is treated as the key support to the conceptual framework of agricultural heritage digitalized conservation. Finally, this paper analyzes the corresponding significances when carrying out the agricultural heritage digitalized conservation. Agricultural heritage digitalized conservation can not only help the management departments to improve their work and make decisions but also improve the protection work and sustainable development. Agricultural heritage digitalized conservation is very helpful to promote the understanding of related knowledge and the popularization of sciences and education. In a whole, agricultural heritage digitalized conservation is the inevitable results of the combination of information sciences and traditional agricultural knowledge in depth. The authors strongly believe that current research work is of great significances to forward the implementation of agricultural heritage digitalized conservation and the implementation of the smart agricultural heritages since this paper provides good advices.

Key words: agri-cultural heritages, smart agri-cultural heritage, digitalized conservation, Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS), China National Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (China-NIAHS), conceptual framework, body of context, key technologies