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  • 2005 Volume 7 Issue 2
    Published: 25 June 2005
      

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  • ARTICLES
    WANG Qinmin
    2005, 7(2): 1-5.
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    This paper mainly introduces the progress and achievement in "Digital Fujian" program. After the implementation of the former three years of the 10th Five-Year Plan, the Digital Fujian program, as an important project of creating new superiorities and realizing rapid development of Fujian province, has achieved some successes: having established successfully the E-Governance information network; having unified the norm and criterion of data and completed standard data resources; and having modified information resources and launched successfully some demonstration projects. In the following two years of the 10th Five-Year Plan, further generalization and application will be implemented based on demonstration projects of the former three years.
  • ARTICLES
    MA Yaofeng
    2005, 7(2): 11-16,64.
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    This paper discusses the subjective map research of different courses: According to the research of physiology, the environment cognitive map exists in human brain. It is decided by the nerve cell of hippocampus in the brain. The nerve cells of hippocampus of old taxi drivers are bigger than other peoples; also the existence of difference in direction sense of men and women is because men and women use different hippocampi;The researches of education and psychology claim that the concept map is the sketch form of the study. It has been already extensively applied in the fields of education, management, artificial intelligence, linguistics, etc. The environment cognition research of the cognitive map carried out in the field of planning and environment revealed that the cognitive map is based on the environmental reflection of topology. The author put forward the concept of the objective map and subjective map, believing that the subjective map has been weakening in cartographical study and is becoming fringed. The subjective map research should be introduced to the major content of the cartographical research. Inquiring into the definition, classification, and characteristics of the subjective map, we believe the subjective map research will have great developmental potential.
  • ARTICLES
    LIU Yue
    2005, 7(2): 17-22.
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    The article summarizes the study of electronic maps and offers direction of development. It includs three sections. The first one, introduces the status of electronic map production. The electronic maps and atlases produced and published in China consist of three types, that is, reading type, interactive type and network type. The second one is about building system of electronic map. It introduces the model of electronic maps by adopting object-oriented approach; discusses how to establish the designing template of map layer and how to develop software system (EA-world) of electronic maps; and identifies some problems in designing electronic maps. The third one, points out the direction of development of electronic maps. it suggests to strengthen theoretic research in modern cartography in order to guide the production of electronic maps; to carry out study on web-cartography in order to share map information jointly; and to do more works in designing data model in order to improve the quality of electronic maps.
  • ARTICLES
    YU Zhuoyuan, WANG Yingjie, SU Ying, TAN Yuqi, HONG Wei
    2005, 7(2): 23-29,127.
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    The Population Atlas of China is a sound tool which has integrated the fifth census data of China in the forms of maps, documents, digits and graphs to illustrate the actual development level of the population nowadays in China. The digital atlas system, designed for the census data input/output, category, storage, query, statistics, mapping, analysis and management, provides the basic information and modern tool for the decision makers and researchers for analyzing population problems and making the long-term exploration policy. This paper discusses several key matters regarding the population visualization, including its system structure, the main functionality models and the atlas inventory, etc. First of all, a system structure composed of four modules of map maker component, atlas management component, atlas viewer component and census database querying component is summarized, and the key models of the system, such as cartographic symbols model, index tree management of census database model and atlas integration model are analyzed and designed based on the running mechanism and workflow of the system. Secondly, by the consideration of "the fifth census data" and the population problems in China, about 200 maps relating to 10 map categories (environment, population distribution, sex and age, immigration, nationality, family and marriage, birth, education, employment, housing) are created for the atlas, which can visually provide information about the real situations, variation, distribution, and constitution of population in China. Finally the paper discusses several cases of population maps made by variant types of cartographic symbols which are used directly to reflect the regional differences and the variations of population in China.
  • ARTICLES
    LIANG Yajuan, QI Qingwen, CHEN Yan, JI Cuiling, YANG Zhiping
    2005, 7(2): 30-35.
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    This paper mainly introduces the design and technologies about the basic platform of Geo-Info TUPU System. Based on further study and discussion on the theory of Geo-Info TUPU, and according to the specific requirements of the system, the basic platform of Geo-Info TUPU System is designed and programmed by using presently advanced system designing theory, computer software engineering technology, and other programming technologies. The key technologies of the system such as embedding and editing OLE object in the TUPU table, the connections of the TUPU table and GIS data will be discussed in this thesis.
  • ARTICLES
    ZHANG Jinping, CHENG Weiming, WANG Ruibo, LONG En, ZHANG Yang
    2005, 7(2): 36-41.
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    In the vast domain of China, topographic and geomorphic conditions are quite varied. Geomorphology is one of the most main factors of physical geographical environment, and its maps have been widely used in the scientific research, economic construction, eco-environmental protection, education and military affairs etc. Modern geomorphology and its mapping started in 1950's. In the last 50 years, Chinese scholars made great progress in regional geomorphology, geomorphologic mapping and other branches of geomorphology, formed comparative integrated scientific system, finished and published lots of geomorphologic maps with the different scales and regions. However, only 15 sheets of geomorphologic maps (total 77 sheets, including land and ocean) with a scale of 1:1 000 000 were finished and compiled in 1980's, and field geomorphologic surveying was the main traditional mapping methodologies, some geomorphologic borderlines were not exact, which cannot satisfy the objective demands. With the development and application of technology and methodology based on Remote Sensing and GIS, lots of work can be finished in indoors. So, based on Landsat TM, DEM with a scale of 1:250 000 and lots of historic geomorphologic maps, this topic will try to research geomorphologic mapping method and technology with a scale of 1:1 000 000 using GIS and RS. Some parameters, such as slope, aspect, hillshade and watershed units are calculated from DEM, which can help distinguish from different landform and topographic units in the Landsat TM imageries. Some key problems, such as the relationship between land-cover and geomorphologic types, landform and countor lines, are discussed. The research is foundation for updating the geomorphologic borderline and finish all geomorphologic maps in with a scale of 1:1 000 000 by means of GIS and RS in the future.
  • ARTICLES
    LI Renjie,ZHANG Junhai,GUO Fenghua.FU Xueqing
    2005, 7(2): 41-45.
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    This article uses the quantitative graph of oblique coordinate system as a way to express the quantitative information in the thematic map, which expands the expression ways of the thematic map. The author also introduces the application program' s design idea of the quantitative information visualization of thematic map by using oblique coordinate system graphs. By analyzing the structure and visualization variables of oblique coordinate system graphs, the author abstracts a basic rhombus. Based on the MapBasic macro language of the Mapln-fo software, the author designs a standard sub of the basic rhombus of oblique coordinate system graphs. The single coordinate system graphs, the double coordinate system graphs and the multi coordinate system graphs are all composed of the basic rhombus. The drawing models of the single, the double and the multi coordinate system graphs are developed by calling the standard sub of the basic rhombus. In the Mapbasic development environment, the application program uses the Mapbasic project file to connect each model. Based on this mode, the author developed an application procedure of the quantitative information visualization of thematic map by using oblique coordinate system graphs. The application procedure has the single coordinate system graphs, the double coordinate system graphs and the multi coordinate system graphs models. Also the application procedure has some special functions such as graphs sorted automatically or sorted by hand, adjusting the graph's location by the mouse. At the end of this paper the author drews a thematic map by using the data of Hebei province, which using the graphs of the three coordinate systems combined at center. In this way, the author validates the graph' s application effect in thematic mapping.
  • ARTICLES
    WU Dun, BAO Yin, LJ Baisui, WANG Sarina
    2005, 7(2): 46-49.
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    The raise of "Digital Earth" strategy has aroused concern of personages of various circles, and contributed suggestions from their respective disciplinary angles. But the implementation of "Digital Earth" strategy must take area or special topic as the point of penetration. This paper, proceeds from the background of relatively severe desertification in China's arid and semiarid areas and the western development aiming at eco-environ-ment construction, in combination with physical and human characteristics of the study area, designed the land desertification information system in arid and semiarid areas in terms of the whole structure, function, model of arid and semiarid area desertification GIS. The system consists of three subsystems, namely, the database administration subsystem, the subsystem for inquiry of land desertification information, the subsystem for managing the model database. Meanwhile the selection of the representative demonstration area has been put into practice. The result indicated that, although the system needs to open up and improve further, the correlativity of the system's data term has satisfied the function and model demand of the present special topic's GIS system. This information system can provide quick, dynamic information and technique support for prediction and evaluation of the eco-environmental deterioration and land desertification, as well as for timely adopting prvention measures and countermeasures by decision-making department.
  • ARTICLES
    CAI Aimin, ZHA Liangsong, LIU Dongliang, GU Liuwan
    2005, 7(2): 50-53.
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    The quality of data is very important in GIS. Due to various reasons in the process of GIS data production, the data' s quality is usually full of uncertainty. It is difficult to give an impersonal evaluation on these data, and the normal use of these data is disturbed. In this paper, the concept of fuzzy mathematics is introduced to evaluate the quality of GIS data. The evaluation model for data quality of GIS is built through fuzzy mathematics theory. In the process of the model building, the evaluating factors, evaluating set, the conformation of factors' weightiness and membership function of the evaluation set are introduced. A practical example is given to explain how the method was used to evaluate the vectoral production. This method can solve the impersonal evaluation of the quality of GIS data effectively, and lead the evaluation of the products of vector data become easier and intuitively when using this method. The quality of data is guaranteed.
  • ARTICLES
    LI Xinguo, LV Hen, JIANG Nan
    2005, 7(2): 54-57.
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    In order to improve the development efficiency of urban water supply network, advanced integrated development techniques are introduced. Delphi and automatic modes of OLE are used to develop executable application in the foreground and start up GIS to perform the functions of GIS in the background. The development method improves functions of the system greatly and redounds to the system maintenance, which lays the foundation for the modernization of urban water supply network management.
  • ARTICLES
    ZHANG Mu, CHEN Feixiang, LIU Wenxi, ZHU Hejian
    2005, 7(2): 58-64.
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    In the world development trend of the information technology now, the GIS has played more and more important role and has also been extensively applied in agriculture. According to the decision support theory and the self-organization characteristion of the agricultural production system, this paper selects the agricultural decision support system as the practical demonstrative technology in the process of agricultural informationization construction for being used in the selective research region beforehand.
  • ARTICLES
    TANG Guoan, ZHOU Wei
    2005, 7(2): 65-69.
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    GIS (Geographical Information System)is the basic core undergraduate course of GIS, and also basic course of relative specialities such as geography, geology, surveying and mapping, resource, environment etc., which is very important for students to study and understand the basic principle, method of GIS or the others. However, the existing content and system of GIS course are not perfect and the standard teaching mode has not been formed, which restrict the development and improvement of GIS teaching to a certain degree. Through ten years' exploration and accumulation we constructed and finished GIS premium course accepted as The National Level GIS Course last year. In this paper, the throughway and method how to construct the national level GIS great course is presented, particularly, the content and system of GIS network course are also discussed.
  • ARTICLES
    LUO Chun, LIU Honghui, OU YANGhua, JIANG Dong, YANG Xiaohuan
    2005, 7(2): 70-73.
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    The metadata is used as one of the means to solve the problems on data sharing. There is a corresponding relationship between metadata and dataset. We can visit, manage, query and analyze the dataset and even accomplish data mining through realizing data navigational functions. A great number of field observation stations have been set up in the major national scientific research fields, which provide plenty of detailed and real-time data. In order to make better use of all the data sources, it is urgent to set up the criterion on the metadata of national field observational stations. On the basis of this, the metadata querying system of national key observational stations is set up, aiming at the metadata managing, querying, searching, and issuing. Only by doing so, it is possibile to realize data sharing organizing and managing and make best use of the field observed data in the scientific research.
  • ARTICLES
    HU Yan, ZOU Liqun
    2005, 7(2): 74-77.
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    Remote sensing monitoring provides objective and fast spatial-temporal information for outdoors exploration, geographic information system has powerful functions of expression, display and analysis to spatial information while GPS provides orientation and data collection means for outdoors exploration. The integration of RS,GIS and GPS will change the traditional model of outdoors exploration, improve greatly informational and automatic level of outdoors exploration. This paper deals with the construction of orientation, data collection and query system using remote sensing, geographic information system and GPS, details the system architecture and the main function. The system provides informational, visible and automatic means for outdoors exploration.
  • ARTICLES
    YANG Qingsheng, LI Xia, LIU Xiaoping
    2005, 7(2): 78-81,93.
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    According to the studies of the use of Cellular Automata in land use, the emergent change of land use could be simulated by CA while the man-caused, uncertainty land use change could be simulated by Agent. This article simulated both of them by Agent and CA with test data in suburb. The result could reflect the effect of CA affected by Agent. The general CA model simulates the uncertainty of urban land change by stochastic model. This kind of stochastic model lack of the definite explanation in geography. In order to explan the stochastic model in geography, Agent was put into the model. In this article, the Agent was the owner of the land user. The subjective factors of the land owner were considered by Agent. United the CA and Agent, the change of urban land use was simulated with the continous changing and the stochastic changing. Finally, a test was made in the rapid development district-Zhangmutou town in Dongguan of China's Guangdong Province.
  • ARTICLES
    ZENG Hongda
    2005, 7(2): 82-88.
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    Considering there was a close relationship between spatial distribution of forest resource and terrain, we discussed spatial pattern of forest in Wuyi Mt. area based on the terrain information and Geostatistics. The result of this research indicated that, because of human disturbance, broad-leaved trees, which are'dominant species tend to move back to higher elevation and more precipitous places; Cunninghamia lanceolata gradually took up the dominating status of forests as a result of long-term artificial management, and mostly spread in the hills below 500m; Pinus massoniana has a wider suitable establishment, and inclines to grow on (half-)sunny-slope. Geostatistical analysis indicated that nugget (C0)/still ((C0+C) of isotropy is 0.5, that means the spatial heterogeneities brought by radom variance and autocorrelation were equal, with a range of 24km. In the variance or anisotropy, on the one hand, both curves with directions of 0°and 45°had same variational trends, i.e. semivari-ogram raised with distance, then flattened out near the still, while on the other, the slope of curves mounted up drastically in the directions of 90° and 135°. Thus it can be seen that, dominant natural condition endows the forest region of Wuyi Moutain with diverse and abundant natural forest resources, in addition, terrain has become one of the significant factors affecting tree distribution. However, due to artificial management and administration, spatial pattern of natural forest has been greatly influenced by ' human selection' , the spatial heterogeneities of forest were unconspicuous. Finally, we concluded that, with constant development of Wuyi city and its economy, the characteristics of horizontal zonality of forest in the city will become vaguer and vaguer, the heterogeneities will also be cut down day by day.
  • ARTICLES
    CHEN Chongcheng, TU Jiandong, HUANG Hongyu
    2005, 7(2): 89-93.
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    Traditional clustering approaches usually do not take into account the spatial structure, which refers to the distance between patterns, topology, density and other spatial distribution characteristics, and lack efficient level -of -detail strategy for visualization. Meanwhile the existing data mining methods tend to be "closed" and do not gear to allow the interaction needed to effectively support a human-led exploratory analysis. In this paper, we provide a new visual hierarchical clustering based on minimum spanning tree partitioning algorithm, which groups and visualizes cluster hierarchies consisting of both non-spatial and spatial attributes. Taking the spatial clustering as an example, an overall function for the J2EE-based visual spatial clustering system is designed in detail. At the same time, the key techniques are discussed. It provides a feasible solution to such kind of application system.
  • ARTICLES
    FAN Minghui,CHEN Chongcheng,CHI Tianhe
    2005, 7(2): 94-98.
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    The construction of distributed data warehouse can contribute to management of great quantity of data and hierarchy decision support, this paper discusses the advantages and the disadvantages of concentration and decentralization for a data warehouse, points out a framework for Distributed Data Warehouse about Ocean Dynamical Environment at provincial level and analyses the metadata and the developing mode of the data warehouse.
  • ARTICLES
    SU Ying, WANG Yingjie, YU Zhuoyuan
    2005, 7(2): 99-104.
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    There are many researches and applications about the shortest path searching in GIS field, but mainly focusing on the algorithmic efficiency analysis and modeling. When those algorithm models are applied in the specific fields, they will face many difficulties for themselves to solve the details in cases. The typical sample is found in the shortest path searching for urban public bus network by using a shortest path searching algorithm based on the neighborhood node network, causing some problems in its applications, such as the lack of topo-logical network information, the difficulty to handle the complicated attribute data, etc. In this paper, the authors propose a new updated shortest path algortithem for urban public bus network through two aspects for optimization of algorithm and data storage configuration. The first one proposes the solution for constructing the topology of public bus network by automatic matching the bus stop and bus line data using the algortithm (before the shortest path calculation), and the second solution improves data storage efficiency by using the database to store the complicated transport attribute data and the newly produced transport network data in the processing, rather than through RAM. The scheme was applied in Beijing public bus network testing system, and has got satisfied effects in usability of data and saving ram storage.
  • ARTICLES
    LIU Peng, BI Jiantao, CAO Yanrong, He Jianbang
    2005, 7(2): 105-110.
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    Referring to the overseas and domestic data, this paper puts forward a remote sensing image metadata standard draft and describes remote sensing image data with the draft. It brings forward to manage remote sensing data and its metadata integratively with large RDBMS so that the structuted storage of remote sensing image data can be realized. It presents remote sensing image metadata with XML and gives the XML Schema of remote sensing image metadata so as to implement the query and search of the metadata and the sharing of sense image data on the Internet.
  • ARTICLES
    LIU Yuguang, JIN Ming, FENG Zhongkui, LI Xiaohui
    2005, 7(2): 111-115.
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    In the earlier application of SPOT data, the research and application are mainly focused on the higher spatial resolution. Study on inversion of radiometric parameters of ground objects (such as radiance and reflectivity) was little, because the band number and bandwidth of sensor restrict the application in the fields of radiometric calibration and quantification of remote sensing. However, using SPOT high spatial resolution data can distinguish the ground objects efficiently in detail and improve the accuracy of radiometric calibration and quantification of remote sensing. This article discusses about the theory of SPOT data radiometric calibration and its application to the inversion of the radiance and reflectivity of ground object, and retrieval of radiometric calibration parameters. Some typical sample areas are selected to analyze, and Landsat-7 data are used to validate the feasibility and reliability of the inversion.
  • ARTICLES
    WANG Chaoliang
    2005, 7(2): 116-119.
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    The Catalogue and Archive System, a basic work and important research task, is crucial for searching and browsing data in the remote sensing satellite application. In the first part of this paper, the characteristics of remote sensing satellite data catalogue are introduced. Then the actual status and remaining problems in some Catalogue and Archive Systems are analyzed. And the reasons why the operation is not efficient enough in these systems are pointed out. After discussion on the topic of the necessity of researching Catalogue and Archive System, several critical outlines of implementing a new type of Catalogue and Archive System, which are based on the new development of GIS and computer technology and being achieved by China Remote Sensing Satellite Ground Station, are described. These outlines include: (1) Integration oriented storage method is adopted for remote sensing satellite data archiving in order to maintain its integrity and consistency. (2) Time-dividing storage method is used for system's high availability, high performance and easy maintainability, which are very important to mass storage system. (3) Hybrid storage mode is introduced in integration oriented storage method for spatial data management and application. (4) Based on consideration of the characteristics of remote sensing satellite data catalogue, some advices on how to design the database of Catalogue and Archive System are also given.
  • ARTICLES
    LIU Honghui, JIANG Dong, YANG Xiaohuan, LUO Chun
    2005, 7(2): 120-123.
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    The study of resources and environmental sciences requires greatly the spatialized data sets of socio-economic data which are always obtained from administrative regions at county or province level. The authors integratedly analyze the regional differences of China' s economic development first. An approach to the spatial-ization simulation of China' s gross domestic product (GDP) from original county level statistical data is presented to the 1km gridded database with the standard coordinate system, data format and metadata document. The data used in the paper is land use spatial database derived from Landsat TM at 1: 100 000 scale with 25 classes land use types as well as topographic maps of whole China in 1995. The interactions among GDP structure and different land use patterns are analyzed and simulated. Some key indicators are selected to build the model of GDP spatialization simulation. Based on the hierarchical regions of economic development level, spatial relation model between GDP and land use pattern is developed to extend the county GDP to the 1km grid.