关键词: 中文地名, 地名词典查询, 地名词典单字索引, 地名相似度, 地名字符特征

Abstract:

With the rapid development of mobile Internet and the wide application of location-based service technology in various industries, the public's demand for the application of place information is growing rapidly. The gazetteer query, which can provide the support for place names knowledge, is an important basic link in the location information service. At present, because of the significant increase of the data volume of the place names, the query performance of gazetteers is facing a severe challenge. Most of the existing gazetteers directly use general retrieval methods, ignoring the characteristics of the characters and the description rules of the place names themselves. In order to solve these problems, a Chinese gazetteer query method (CGQM) is proposed based on the character features of place names. The CGQM uses the character features of the names with the same character characteristics, character's number and character's position, and query the gazetteer according to the main line of "candidate place name query, place name filtering, place name similarity ranking". Firstly, the single character index of the gazetteer is constructed, and based on this index, the place names containing the same characters in the gazetteer are queried to form a candidate dataset. Secondly, the place names are filtered from the candidate dataset, which has large differences in the number of characters with the search place names. The aim of this step is to enhance the accuracy of the candidate dataset and to ensure the efficiency of the later sorting process. Thirdly, the candidate place names are sorted based on the algorithm of character position similarity. Taking the national Chinese gazetteer as an example, an experiment was implemented with CGQM and a full text query method (Lucene) on 5 test datasets. The purpose of the experiment was to verify that the CGQM method could accurately and efficiently query the gazetteer. The experimental performance evaluation indexes include the operation efficiency, the precision rate, the recall rate and the F value. The results of experiment prove that CGQM can achieve much more better query performance than the Lucene based method. In the future research on gazetteer query, we will also consider many other factors, such as glyph, semantics, etc., and learn from the distributed and multithreading techniques in the retrieval system at the same time. These methods will promote the accuracy and efficiency of gazetteer query and expand the public service of place information.

Key words: Chinese place name, gazetteer query, Chinese gazetteer index for single Chinese characters, the similarity of place name, place name character features