基于空间关系的海上应急救援力量调度模型

doi:10.12082/dqxxkx.2018.170591

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究以Voronoi图为研究工具,对普通Voronoi图在海上救援应用中的局限性进行分析,并对其进行了合理改进,提出了“海上救援V图”。同时,结合模糊层次分析法和引力模型方法计算各海事机构救援力量的“吸引力”权重矩阵,提出了基于Voronoi图的海上救援调度模型。最后,结合具体救援案例,构建了基于Voronoi图的海上应急救援模型MRSV。实验结果表明：该模型能够在顾及海上特殊地理环境以及要素间空间关系的基础上,综合考虑各海事机构的救援力量,针对不同海难情况,选调合适的救援机构,调度结果合理,能够达到优化救援力量配置的目的,可以为目前海上应急救援力量调度提供参考。

关键词: 海上应急救援, Voronoi图, 引力模型, 模糊层次分析法, 引力模型

Abstract:

The accidents of maritime trade and marine safety have been increasing in recent years. Due to the sudden danger and other reasons, the maritime rescue is getting more and more attention. To do a good job in maritime emergency rescue, we should not only strengthen maritime emergency search and rescue capability in all countries, but also need to send rescue forces appropriately. In other words, how to arrange rescue forces to reach the scene of distress and carry out effective rescue is an important subject worth studying in the case of maritime emergency. This study attempts to apply the Voronoi diagram of GIS to the maritime emergency rescue. Based on the analysis of the deficiency in the application of common Voronoi diagram to sea rescue, we put forward the "Maritime Rescue Voronoi Diagram" (MRVD), to improve the maritime rescue operation. The MRVD effectively expanded the application of the Voronoi diagram. In addition, the evaluation of the index weights of maritime search and rescue needs to consider many factors, so it is difficult to assess. The aim of this study was to evaluate the weight of the index of multiple maritime search and rescue by combined use of the fuzzy hierarchy analysis and gravity model. Compared with the single evaluation method used in previous studies, the multi-method research can greatly reduce the interference of subjective factors and improve the accuracy of evaluation results. Finally, for the specific rescue cases, a marine emergency rescue model MRSV based on Voronoi diagram is proposed. It can be seen from the results of each case that the model can take into consideration the special geographical environment of the sea, with high efficiency of rescue and reasonable scheduling results. Compared with the traditional maritime rescue cases, the scope of rescue services allocated by this project is more scientific and more dynamic. According to different shipwrecks, MRSV model draws different rescue service scope, dispatches different rescue forces, and effectively completes the low cost rescue mission.

Key words: sea emergency rescue, voronoi diagram, gravitational model, FAHP, gravity model

张乾, 闫浩文, 张黎明, 何毅. 基于空间关系的海上应急救援力量调度模型[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2018, 20(6): 772-780.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2018.170591

ZHANG Qian,YAN Haowen,ZHANG Liming,HE Yi. A Maritime Rescue Scheduling Model Based on Spatial Relation[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2018, 20(6): 772-780.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2018.170591

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救援事件	黄金救援时间/h	半径/n mile	救援原则
冬天气象海况恶劣并有人员落水;船员出现大出血、昏迷、休克、手指断裂等重大伤病	3	300	就近原则就快原则
船员出现不危及生命的伤病	6	600	就近原则就快原则
夏季确定有人员落水	12	1200	救助力量优先原则
附近无岛屿;船舶沉没船舱气穴内有幸存者	72	7200	救助力量优先原则

海事中心	救援人员	装备性能	信息搜索	反应速度
A	0.65	0.86	0.53	0.68
B	0.86	0.90	0.72	0.88
C	0.86	0.90	0.72	0.88
D	0.58	0.85	0.48	0.66
E	0.58	0.85	0.48	0.66
F	0.68	0.86	0.68	0.60