关键词: AIS轨迹, 经济发展区域, 海运网络, 时空演变规律, “一带一路”倡议;

Abstract:

MSR (countries along the Maritime Silk Road), BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) and AJK (the United States, Japan and South Korea) are important economic developing zones to promote international trade. Study on the spatio-temporal evolution pattern of maritime network is helpful to analyze the competition and balance of international trade between different countries, and to make scientific strategic deployment and intelligent decision in global maritime trade. Automatic Identification System （AIS） data makes the real-time analysis of maritime network possible for its advantages of real-time and the near-complete coverage for the offshore area of the ports. Based on the AIS data of three main types of business ships in international trade, namely bulk ship, container ship and tanker ship, this paper reveals spatio-temporal evolution patterns of maritime networks between important economic developing zones, using the timeline method to describe the change of the networks in and outside different zones. The result shows that the structural maritime network evolutions of bulk-layer, container-layer, and tanker-layer inside the MSR are much larger than the evolutions inside BRICS and AJK, which indicates that the Belt and Road Initiative has promoted the trade between MSR countries. The dynamics outside three typical important economic developing zones （MSR, BRICS, and AJK） are large from 2013 to 2016, which indicates that the networks between them have changed greatly with the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative. The structural maritime network dynamics weighted by cargo handling capacity in 2015 and 2016 are smaller than 2013 and 2014, which indicates that under the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative, the changes of cargo handling capacity in and outside the three economic developing zones have decreased in 2015 and 2016. Obviously, the Belt and Road Initiative has different influences on MSR, BRICS, and AJK. The maritime networks inside and outside MSR are affected by this initiative. The bulk, container, tanker maritime networks inside BRICS have diverse dynamics derived from this initiative, which also affected the maritime networks outside BRICS to some extent. This initiative has no influences on the network inside AJK, but partly affects the network outside AJK. Improving the throughput and position of MSR in the maritime network is still very important to global trade balance.

Key words: AIS trajectories, economic developing zones, maritime network, spatial-temporal evolution pattern, the Belt and Road Initiative