基于遥感影像的海岸线提取方法综述

doi:10.12082/dqxxkx.2018.180152

地球信息科学学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (12): 1745-1755.doi: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2018.180152

基于遥感影像的海岸线提取方法综述

梁立^1,²(), 刘庆生^1,^*(), 刘高焕¹, 李鑫杨^1,², 黄翀¹

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京 100101
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049

收稿日期:2018-03-26 出版日期:2018-12-25 发布日期:2018-12-20
通讯作者: 刘庆生 E-mail:liangl.16s@igsnrr.ac.cn;liuqs@lreis.ac.cn
作者简介:
作者简介：梁立（1994-）,男,河南漯河人,硕士生,研究方向为遥感和地理信息系统应用。E-mail: liangl.16s@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFC1402701）;国家自然科学基金项目（41801354）

Review of Coastline Extraction Methods Based on Remote Sensing Images

LIANG Li^1,²(), LIU Qingsheng^1,^*(), LIU Gaohuan¹, LI Xinyang^1,², HUANG Chong¹

1. State Key Lab of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2018-03-26 Online:2018-12-25 Published:2018-12-20
Contact: LIU Qingsheng E-mail:liangl.16s@igsnrr.ac.cn;liuqs@lreis.ac.cn
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China, No.2016YFC1402701;National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41801354.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来,全球气候变暖等原因导致海平面不断升高,人类对海岸带的开发也越来越频繁,海岸带的变化比以前更为活跃,因此精确快速地提取出海岸线并实时监测其变化对我国海岸带的开发规划与利用具有重要的意义。本文详细梳理了国内外利用光学遥感、微波遥感和雷达遥感手段提取瞬时水边线或理论海岸线的方法,对各种经典方法和一些近年来出现的新方法进行了分析和比较,并指出各种方法的适用情况和不足。最后,针对目前中国在此方面的研究现状给出了一些建议。

关键词: 遥感, 海岸线, 水边线, 海洋测量, SAR, LiDAR技术

Abstract:

Coastline is the boundary between land and ocean, and the coastline position determination is the important content of the coastal zone, island and reef surveying. Coastline is generally divided into the island coastline and the mainland coastline. Under the background of global warming and the influence of the natural environment and human's exploitation, the coastline has been in a state of changing. Grasping the type, location, changing process and the future trend of the coastline accurately has great significance for guiding the coastal aquaculture, coastal zone development, navigation and transportation. Therefore, accurately and quickly extracting coastline and real-time monitoring its changes has the vital significance. Remote sensing technique has the features of observing large area synchronously, timely, and economically, which makes it an excellent choice for coastline classification and extraction. Now, remote sensing methods used in coastline extraction mainly include optical remote sensing, microwave remote sensing and laser radar technology. Various methods have been presented by researchers all over the world in recent years. However, some methods focus on waterline extraction instead of the defined coastline extraction. So this paper give summarize of waterline extraction and coastline extraction separately. Beyond that, the noise-reduction methods applied in coastline extraction and the solution of the inconsistency of level data in tidal are also mentioned in this paper. Overall, the paper reviews the recent research progresses on coastline extraction by all kinds of ways at home and abroad through analyzing their advantages, disadvantages and adaptability, and introducing their applications in many fields. Finally, feasible suggestion of the future research is forecasted based on its existent insufficiency.

Key words: remote sensing, coastline, waterline, marine survey, SAR, LiDAR

梁立, 刘庆生, 刘高焕, 李鑫杨, 黄翀. 基于遥感影像的海岸线提取方法综述[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2018, 20(12): 1745-1755.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2018.180152

LIANG Li,LIU Qingsheng,LIU Gaohuan,LI Xinyang,HUANG Chong. Review of Coastline Extraction Methods Based on Remote Sensing Images[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2018, 20(12): 1745-1755.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2018.180152

图/表 2

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方法	适用范围	抗噪能力	复杂度	精度
目视解译法	研究区较小,且精度要求较高时	十分强	非常高	非常高
阈值分割法	大范围,精度要求不高,海陆差异明显时	较强	低	较低
边缘检测法	研究区较大,且岸线情况不复杂时,对基岩质和人造海岸效果不错	易受图像上噪声影响,检测的岸线容易中断,通常需要后续处理	较低	一般
面向对象法	适用于研究区内海岸类型复杂,且精度要求较高时	较强	较高	较高
活动轮廓法	仅能检测简单的图像,处理范围小	较强	很高,需人工给定处理轮廓	较高
区域生长法	适用范围广,能获得连续岸线	较弱	较低	一般
元胞自动机	检测淤泥质海岸时有明显优势,不适合大范围的应用	一般	复杂度较高,需多次尝试确定最佳阈值	较高
支持向量机	适用于海岸地形起伏较小的地区,自动化程度较高	较强	一般	较高

基于遥感影像的海岸线提取方法综述

Review of Coastline Extraction Methods Based on Remote Sensing Images

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