地球信息科学学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (11): 1644-1656.doi: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2018.180195
吴志春1,2,3(), 叶发旺4, 郭福生1,2, 刘文恒3, 李华亮2,3, 杨羿2
收稿日期:
2018-04-18
修回日期:
2018-09-04
出版日期:
2018-11-20
发布日期:
2018-11-20
作者简介:
作者简介:吴志春(1986-),男,江西石城人,硕士,讲师,主要从事遥感地质解译、三维地质建模方面的教学与研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
WU Zhichun1,2,*(), YE Fawang3, GUO Fusheng1, LIU Wenheng2, LI Hualiang1,2, YANG Yi1
Received:
2018-04-18
Revised:
2018-09-04
Online:
2018-11-20
Published:
2018-11-20
Contact:
WU Zhichun
E-mail:wuzhch_ecit@163.com
Supported by:
摘要:
主成分分析是目前遥感蚀变异常信息提取常用方法之一,该方法具有对影像大气校正质量要求不高、实现简单、提取效果好、效果稳健等优点,广受地质工作者的青睐。根据输入影像的数量及类型、主成分分析的次数等,本文将主成分分析分为标准主成分分析、特征向量主成分分析、定向主成分分析、二次主成分分析、不同影像间的主成分分析等5种类型。其中,特征向量主成分分析又可细分为4个波段特征向量主成分分析和3个波段特征向量主成分分析。在上述分类的基础上,系统介绍了各种主成分分析及蚀变信息主分量的选择,尤其是对特征向量主成分分析的Crosta技术和定向主成分分析的软落叶技术进行了详细阐述。并以TM/ETM+、ASTER影像为例,对部分应用主成分分析提取蚀变异常信息的实例进行了分析,认为:在基岩裸露区,不同主成分分析都可以很好地提取铁化、泥化蚀变信息;在中、低植被覆盖区,采用标准主成分分析、Crosta技术、改进的Crosta技术、软落叶技术、“掩膜/抑制干扰信息+主成分分析”等方法可以有效地提取蚀变异常信息;高植被覆盖区多采用主成分分析生成的蚀变信息主分量进行彩色合成,再通过对彩色影像进行目视解译的方式判断蚀变的类型和范围。其中,“掩膜+Crosta技术”、“掩膜+软落叶技术”、二次主成分分析等方法在高植被覆盖区也可以取得较好的应用效果;对于干扰信息种类众多、岩性复杂的地区,可根据干扰信息、岩性种类划分成若干个小区,再根据每个小区实际情况采用不同的蚀变提取方法,最后将每个小区内提取的蚀变信息进行合并。
吴志春, 叶发旺, 郭福生, 刘文恒, 李华亮, 杨羿. 主成分分析技术在遥感蚀变信息提取中的应用研究综述[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2018, 20(11): 1644-1656.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2018.180195
WU Zhichun,YE Fawang,GUO Fusheng,LIU Wenheng,LI Hualiang,YANG Yi. A Review on Application of Techniques of Principle Component Analysis on Extracting Alteration Information of Remote Sensing[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2018, 20(11): 1644-1656.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2018.180195
表1
改进的Crosta技术"
技术方法 | 提取的蚀变类型及应用效果 |
---|---|
PCA(TM2,TM4,TM5,TM7) | 提取泥化蚀变和碳酸盐化蚀变[ |
PCA(TM1,TM4/3,TM5,TM7) | RGB(PC1,PC3,PC4)影像合成,图像中含钾长石斑晶花岗岩和含金钾化硅化蚀变带呈鲜红色,可清楚辨别。通过对PC1和PC4二维散点投图,可将含钾长石斑晶花岗岩、含金钾化硅化蚀变带进一步分离[ |
PCA(TM1+TM2,TM4/3,TM5,TM7) | 干旱基岩裸露区,可以同时提取铁化、泥化蚀变信息,提取的蚀变信息与已知矿床、矿(化)点吻合度高[ |
PCA(TM1,TM4,TM5/7,TM7) | 在基岩裸露区,运用TM5/7代替TM5,增强了泥化蚀变信息,扩大了泥化蚀变与植被之间的光谱差异[ |
PCA(TM1,TM3/1,TM4,TM5) | 在基岩裸露区,运用TM3/1代替TM3,增强了铁化蚀变信息,扩大了铁化蚀变与植被之间的光谱差异。在青海省五龙沟金矿区提取的铁化蚀变,受断裂构造控制明显,与成矿物质来源和运移通道相吻合,提取的蚀变信息可作为该区的金矿找矿标志[ |
PCA(TM2,TM3,TM4,TM5/1) | 提取褐铁矿化蚀变异常。提取的蚀变异常信息与金矿体、水系沉积物Au和Cu异常相吻合[ |
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