中国无人机遥感技术突破与产业发展综述

doi:10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.180589

地球信息科学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (4): 476-495.doi: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.180589

中国无人机遥感技术突破与产业发展综述

晏磊¹(), 廖小罕^2,^6,^7,^*(), 周成虎², 樊邦奎³, 龚健雅⁴, 崔鹏², 郑玉权⁵, 谭翔⁶

1. 空间信息集成与3S工程应用北京市重点实验室（北京大学）,北京 100871
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京 100101
3. 北京信息技术研究所,北京 100094
4. 武汉大学遥感信息工程学院,武汉 430079
5. 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,长春 130033
6. 中国科学院无人机应用与管控研究中心,北京 100101
7. 天津中科无人机应用研究院,天津 301800

收稿日期:2018-11-16 修回日期:2018-12-28 出版日期:2019-04-24 发布日期:2019-04-24
作者简介:
作者简介：晏磊（1956-）,男,湖北武汉人,教授,研究方向为高分辨率成像与遥感定标。E-mail: lyan@pku.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFB0503003、2017YFB0503004）;国家“863”计划重点项目（2013AA122100、2008AA121800）;国家科技支撑计划项目（2011BAH12B00）;国家发改委发改办高技（[2005]1534）;科技部科技型中小企业创新基金（02C26215200750）

The Impact of UAV Remote Sensing Technology on the Industrial Development of China: A Review

Lei YAN¹(), Xiaohan LIAO^2,^6,^7,^*(), Chenghu ZHOU², Bangkui FAN³, Jianya GONG⁴, Peng CUI², Yuquan ZHENG⁵, Xiang TAN⁶

1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Integration and 3S Application (Peking University), Beijing 100871, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
3. Beijing Research Institute of Information Technology, Beijing 100094, China
4. School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
5. Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
6. The Research Centre for UAV Application and Regulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
7. Institute of UAV Application Research, Tianjin and CAS, Tianjin 301800, China;

Received:2018-11-16 Revised:2018-12-28 Online:2019-04-24 Published:2019-04-24
Contact: Xiaohan LIAO
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China, No.2017YFB0503003, 2017YFB0503004;National High-tech R&D Program of China (863 Program), No.2013AA122100, 2008AA121800;National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Sciences and Technology of China, No.2011BAH12B00;National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) Development and Reform of High-tech Enterprises, No.[2005]1534;Ministry of Science and Technology Innovation Fund for Small and Medium-sized Technological Enterprises, No.02C26215200750

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

无人机是未来网络环境下一种数据驱动的空中移动智能体,而无人机遥感则是无人机应用最重要的引领性产业。本文首先以国内外无人机遥感发展现状为背景,重点概述了中国无人机遥感21世纪以来“十五”到“十三五”所获得的具有代表性的国家支持与推动的发展历程,阐述了无人机遥感定标场,航空航天定标场的建立以及应用验证,包括无人机遥感系统的载荷与系统技术发展;然后,进一步阐述了以遥感定标场、地物参量引导载荷性能、系统模型为代表的中国无人机遥感的相关技术跨越;接着,概略介绍了无人机遥感在国防反恐安全以及跨国应急救援,国土测绘与海洋岛礁测绘应用,地质灾害应用以及国家应急救援等领域的产业应用;最后,介绍了中国在无人航空遥感领域展开的跨越性的工作,包括组网智能控制、精度和实时性度量基础、载荷平台自组织冗余容错、遥感大数据云处理技术和无人机遥感组网实用化等内容。未来无人机遥感发展的总体目标是建立起具备迅捷信息获取能力的无人航空器组网观测系统,实现无人航空器组网技术由项目层面跨越到遥感领域,同时也为中国成为世界遥感强国的国家战略跨越奠定基础。

关键词: 无人机, 遥感, 产业发展, 技术突破, 智能组网, 发展综述

Abstract:

The drone is a data-driven air mobile agent in the future network environment, UAV remote sensing technology has become one of the leading industries for UAV applications. This paper introduces the development of UAV remote sensing technology within China and internationally, and there is a particular focus on the development of UAV remote sensing technology within China from the "10th Five-Year Plan" to the "13th Five-Year Plan" since the 21^st century. It also focuses on the UAV remote sensing calibration field, the establishment of aerospace calibration field and application verification are also described, including the development of load and system technology of UAV remote sensing system. Secondly, it will introduce the industrial application of UAV remote sensing technology in the fields of national defense, land and ocean island reef mapping, geological disaster monitoring, and emergency rescue. At last, China's advancement in UAV remote sensing technology with regards to intelligent control of networking, accuracy and real-time metric basis, self-organizing redundant fault tolerance of load platform, remote sensing big data cloud processing technology, and the practical application of UAV remote sensing networking will also be discussed. The overall goal of the future development of UAV remote sensing is to establish an unmanned aircraft network observation system with rapid information acquisition capability, to realize the unmanned aircraft networking technology from the project level to the remote sensing industry. At the same time, it also lays a foundation for Chinese national strategic leap in becoming a strong power in remote sensing field.

Key words: UAV, remote sensing, industrial development, technological breakthrough, intelligence network

晏磊, 廖小罕, 周成虎, 樊邦奎, 龚健雅, 崔鹏, 郑玉权, 谭翔. 中国无人机遥感技术突破与产业发展综述[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2019, 21(4): 476-495.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.180589

Lei YAN, Xiaohan LIAO, Chenghu ZHOU, Bangkui FAN, Jianya GONG, Peng CUI, Yuquan ZHENG, Xiang TAN. The Impact of UAV Remote Sensing Technology on the Industrial Development of China: A Review[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2019, 21(4): 476-495.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.180589

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	2016年	2017年	2018年
项目总数	26	16	13
直接与无人机相关项目数	3	3	1
间接与无人机相关项目数	1	2	1

试验飞行条件		设备系统制作前	设备系统制作后	产业化效能
安全性		风险很大	有风险	安全可靠性数量级提升
科学合理性	飞行次数	几十次	十几次	飞行次数减少5~10倍
	保障人员	上百人	30人以下	参与人员减少5倍
	延续时间	1~2年	2月以内	时间减少5~10倍
	性能指标	缺乏量化验证依据,性能通过飞行改进	指标量化、明确,性能通过地面实验改进	指标改进有依据,性能显著提高
经济性		飞行实验成本为产品的1/4~1/3	飞行试验成本降低80%	产品成本降低20%以上

中国无人机遥感技术突破与产业发展综述

The Impact of UAV Remote Sensing Technology on the Industrial Development of China: A Review

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