地球信息科学学报

地球信息科学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (5): 663-674.doi: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.180640

• 地球信息科学理论与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于GIS与模糊层次分析法的景观视觉资源综合评价

谭人华1,2,3(), 王艳慧1,2,3, 关鸿亮1,2,3,*()   

  1. 1. 首都师范大学 资源环境与地理信息系统北京市重点实验室,北京 100048
    2. 首都师范大学 三维信息获取与应用教育部重点实验室,北京 100048
    3. 首都师范大学 城市环境过程与数字模拟国家重点实验室培育基地,北京 100048
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-04 修回日期:2019-02-28 出版日期:2019-05-25 发布日期:2019-05-25
  • 通讯作者: 关鸿亮 E-mail:tam35921@126.com;hlguan@cnu.edu.cn;hlguan@.cnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：谭人华（1996-）,男,山东临沂人,硕士生,研究方向为GIS方法与应用。E-mail: tam35921@126.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（41771157）;国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB0505400）;北京市长城学者资助项目(CIT&TCD20190328);全国统计科学研究重点项目（2018LZ27）;北京市教委科研计划一般项目（KM201810028014）;首都师范大学青年燕京学者项目和科技创新服务能力建设-基本科研业务费（科研类）（19530050178）资助

Comprehensive Evaluation of Landscape Visual Resources based on GIS and FAHP

Renhua TAN1,2,3(), Yanhui WANG1,2,3, Hongliang GUAN1,2,3,*()   

  1. 1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment and Geogaphic Information System, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
    2. Key Laboratory of 3-Dimensional Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
    3. State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
  • Received:2018-12-04 Revised:2019-02-28 Online:2019-05-25 Published:2019-05-25
  • Contact: Hongliang GUAN E-mail:tam35921@126.com;hlguan@cnu.edu.cn;hlguan@.cnu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41771157;National Key R&D Program of China, No.2018YFB0505400;Great Wall Scholars Program, No.CIT&TCD20190328;Key Research Projects of National Statistical Science of China, No.2018LZ27;Research Project of Beijing Municipal Education Committee, No.KM201810028014;Young Yanjing Scholar Project of Capital Normal University, and Capacity Building for Sci-Tech Innovation-Fundamental Scientific Research Funds, No.19530050178.

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摘要：

景观视觉评价是评判景观视觉资源价值的重要方式。本研究从景观视觉的综合定量评价角度出发,设计基于基本视觉元素与景观视觉敏感度的综合评价指标体系,提出一种基于GIS空间分析与模糊层次分析法的景观视觉综合评价方法,利用综合视觉指数分别从整体视角和单因子视角客观揭示景观视觉资源的分布特征及其影响因素。以泰山风景区为研究区的实验结果显示：单因子视角中,玉皇顶、天烛峰、碧霞祠等景点分别在视域范围、相对坡度敏感度、相对距离敏感度等侧面具有最高的评分。综合视角下,景观视觉指数最高的景点为玉皇顶（0.819）,最低的景点为桃花峪（0.180）。通过与基于用户打分的景点评价结果的对比,验证了本方法的可靠性与先进性,为定量化描述与评价景观视觉资源提供了一种新的研究思路和研究方法,也为景区综合发展规划及景点的开发保护提供了客观的参考依据和决策支持。

关键词: 视域分析, 视觉敏感度, 空间分析, 模糊层次分析法, 景观视觉, 景观视觉评价, 泰山风景区

Abstract:

Landscape visual resource assessment is important to effectively and reasonably evaluate the value of landscape visual sources.Previous studies on landscape visual resource assessment mainly focus on subjective evaluation and scores by experts or tourists, while few studies areon quantitative evaluation of landscape visual resources. To help close the gap, this study proposed a comprehensive evaluation method of landscape visual resources based on GIS and FAHP ( Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process) to objectively reveal the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of landscape visual resources from holistic and single-factor perspectives. Specifically, the study integrated basic visual elements and landscape visual sensitivity elements (e.g., sight, viewshed, relative distance sensitivity, relative slope sensitivity, environment contrast) to design an evaluation indicator system from the perspective of comprehensive quantitative evaluation of landscape vision. Then, adopting GIS spatial econometrics analysis and FAHP, the study calculated the comprehensive visual index to objectively reveal the distribution characteristics of landscape visual resources and their influencing factors from the holistic perspective and the single factor perspective. Taking Mount Tai as the research area, the test results show that: (1)from the single factor perspective, Yuhuangding, Tianzhufeng, and Bixiaci have the highest scores in terms of viewshed, relative slope sensitivity, and relative distance sensitivity; and(2) from the holistic perspective, Yu Huang Ding has the highest visual index (0.819) and Tao Hua Yu has the lowest one (0.180). In addition, the value of visual index is also affected by altitude, distribution of spots, and routes, etc. Compared to some traditional evaluation models that relies on tourists or experts' subjective opinion, this study proposed a new perspective of objective quantitative assessment to evaluate the landscape visual resources by combining a comprehensive evaluation index system and a evaluation model. Verification results indicate that this study builds a new research idea and a research method for quantitative description and assessment of landscape visual resources, showing better reliability and advancement. Our findings also provide objective references and decision supports for the comprehensive development planning of scenic spot development and protection. Meanwhile, in this study, landscape visual resources were mainly discussed from the perspective of GIS, while the real assessment effects of landscape vision were often affected by many complex factors. Therefore, how to establish a more synthetical and quantitativeassessment system to measure and evaluate landscape visual resources is one of the most important next stepsto be done in the future.

Key words: viewshed analysis, visual sensitivity, spatial analysis, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process（FAHP）, landscape visual source, landscape visual assessment, Taishan Scenic Area