青藏高原城乡建设用地和生态用地转移时空格局

doi:10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.190087

地球信息科学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (8): 1207-1217.doi: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.190087

• 地理空间分析综合应用 • 上一篇下一篇

青藏高原城乡建设用地和生态用地转移时空格局

刘子川^1,²,冯险峰^1,^2,^*(),武爽^1,²,孔玲玲^1,²,姚玄楚¹

^1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京 100101
^2. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049

收稿日期:2019-02-27 修回日期:2019-04-23 出版日期:2019-08-25 发布日期:2019-08-25
通讯作者: 冯险峰 E-mail:fengxf@lreis.ac.cn
作者简介:刘子川（1995-）,女,内蒙古锡林浩特人,硕士生,主要从事遥感地学分析研究。E-mail: liuzc. 17s@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA20040401)

Spatio-temporal Dynamics of the Urban-Rural Construction Land and Ecological Land on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

LIU Zichuan^1,²,FENG Xianfeng^1,^2,^*(),WU Shuang^1,²,KONG Lingling^1,²,YAO Xuanchu¹

^1. State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
^2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2019-02-27 Revised:2019-04-23 Online:2019-08-25 Published:2019-08-25
Contact: FENG Xianfeng E-mail:fengxf@lreis.ac.cn
Supported by:
Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20040401)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

青藏高原作为中国重要的生态环境保护地,城镇化和生态环境的变化受到广泛关注。本文基于1990-2015年土地利用数据,进行生态用地和城乡建设用地之间的转移分析,通过核密度以及标准差椭圆分析进行空间转移强度的定性研究。结果表明：① 1990-2015年青藏高原生态用地显著地向城乡建设用地转移,是城乡建设用地向生态用地转移量的54.6倍,其中2000-2005年和2010-2015年是用地转移的热点时期;② 城乡建设用地与生态用地之间的转换在空间上呈现逆向状态,生态用地向城乡建设用地的转移分布逐渐从青藏高原的周边区域向腹地蔓延;城乡建设用地向生态用地的转移最初出现在青藏高原的腹地,逐渐向外围扩张;③ 生态服务功能越大的生态用地,越容易被人类占用,随之发生用地类型的转移,侵占后的土地很难反向转移为具有高生态服务功能的生态用地。

关键词: 青藏高原, 土地利用转移矩阵, 城乡建设用地, 生态用地, 核密度, 标准差椭圆

Abstract:

：With the development of urbanization, more and more urban and rural construction land has been converted to ecological land on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Land use change is a key component for global environment change, it also reflects the impacts of human activities on the environment. To some extent, urban and rural construction land can represent the intensity of human activities. Based on the land use data of 1990, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015 on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the conversation of ecological land to urban and rural construction land in the past decades were analyzed by land-use conversion matrix. Using kernel density and standard deviational ellipse, the spatial mechanism of the conversion was analyzed. The results show that: (1) In the past 25 years, lots of ecological land have been converted to urban and rural construction land. It is over 50 times the conversation of urban and rural construction land to ecological land. The conversion concentrated in two periods, 2000-2005 and 2010-2015. (2) Through experiments, 10km grid can reflect the spatial distribution regularities more obviously. The conversion between urban and rural construction land and ecological land presented a spatial reverse. The conversion of ecological land to urban and rural construction land occurred in just marginal areas. As time went by, urban and rural construction land gradually invaded the hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. On the contrary, the conservation of urban and rural construction land to ecological land appeared in the hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and it gradually spread outward. (3) The towns, the hot spots of land conversion, can be divided into four 4 types. Type one is provincial capitals, located in river valleys; type two is industrial towns; type three towns are always located in natural ecological protection areas; and type four is tourism towns with good natural environment and convenient transportation. (4) Ecological lands that have higher ecological services are more likely to be converted to urban and rural construction land more easily. Nevertheless, it is very difficult for urban and rural construction land to transfer to ecological land. Reverse conversion usually transfers from urban and rural construction land to some low ecological service land. In general, the area of urban and rural construction land has increased a lot during the 25 years. Because of the large area of ecological land, ecological land use dynamic index is very low. On Qinghai-Tibet Plateau urbanization did not have a negative effect on eco-environment. So sustainable urbanization is still a significant development trend on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the future.

Key words: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, land-use conversion matrix, urban and rural construction land, ecological land, kernel density, standard deviational ellipse

刘子川,冯险峰,武爽,孔玲玲,姚玄楚. 青藏高原城乡建设用地和生态用地转移时空格局[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2019, 21(8): 1207-1217.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.190087

LIU Zichuan,FENG Xianfeng,WU Shuang,KONG Lingling,YAO Xuanchu. Spatio-temporal Dynamics of the Urban-Rural Construction Land and Ecological Land on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2019, 21(8): 1207-1217.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.190087

图/表 9

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一级类		二级类
编码	名称	编码	名称
1	湿地	11	河渠
		12	湖泊
		13	水库坑塘
		14	滩地
		15	沼泽地
2	林地	21	有林地
		22	灌木林
		23	疏林地
		24	其他林地
3	草地	31	高覆盖度草地
		32	中覆盖度草地
		33	低覆盖度草地
4	其他生态土地	41	盐碱地
		42	沙地
		43	裸土地
		44	裸岩石砾地
		45	荒漠、苔原
		46	永久性冰川雪地
5	城乡、工矿、居民用地	51	城镇用地
		52	农村居民点
		53	其他建设用地
0	其他用地

	等级
	9	8	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0	-1	-2
D	44.7~50.3	39.1~44.7	33.5~39.1	28.0~33.5	22.4~28.0	16.8~22.4	11.2~16.8	5.6~11.2	0~5.6	0	-5.6~0	-5.6~-8.7

青藏高原城乡建设用地和生态用地转移时空格局

Spatio-temporal Dynamics of the Urban-Rural Construction Land and Ecological Land on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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