基于唐宋文人足迹集聚性分析的中心文化城市变迁

doi:10.12082/dqxxkx.2020.190692

地球信息科学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (5): 945-953.doi: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2020.190692

• “空间综合人文学与社会科学”专辑 • 上一篇下一篇

基于唐宋文人足迹集聚性分析的中心文化城市变迁

应申^1,^3,^*(), 侯景洋¹, 周钰笛¹, 窦小影¹, 王兆鹏², 邵大为²

1.武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉 430079
2.中南民族大学文学与新闻传播学院,武汉 430074
3.地理信息系统教育部重点实验室,武汉 430079

收稿日期:2019-11-15 修回日期:2020-02-20 出版日期:2020-05-25 发布日期:2020-07-25
通讯作者: 应申 E-mail:shy@whu.edu.cn
作者简介:应申（1979— ）,男,安徽界首人,教授,主要从事地图学、3DGIS与三维地籍、位置数据聚合与关联分析等的研究。E-mail:shy@whu.edu.cn
基金资助:
“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0503500)

Transitions of Culture-center City in Tang and Song Dynasties based on the Aggregation of Literati's Footprints

YING Shen^1,^3,^*(), HOU Jingyang¹, ZHOU Yudi¹, DOU Xiaoying¹, WANG Zhaopeng², SHAO Dawei²

1. School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
2. School of Literature, Journalismand Communication, South-central University forNationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
3. Key Laboratory for Geographical Information Systems, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China

Received:2019-11-15 Revised:2020-02-20 Online:2020-05-25 Published:2020-07-25
Contact: YING Shen E-mail:shy@whu.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Foundation of China(2017YFB0503500)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国历史文化研究一直是中国文学研究的热点,大量的研究都是基于文学作品本身或文人个体特征进行,缺乏大数据的支持;历史的发展是大量个体共同驱动的结果,文化地理中众多文人的行为潜在影响着古代文化分布和变迁。本文提出基于文人群体运动行为的位置关联和聚合的大数据分析方法,根据唐宋时期文人的移动足迹数据来论证中国历史上的文化中心城市的变迁。文化地理领域中的3次文化中心转移的观点,是基于3次历史事件驱动的定性推理分析,缺乏有效的古代文化方面的数据支撑。本文力图从数据科学、信息科学和GIS分析角度来审视这一结论。从人文领域已经出版的学术研究著作中采集唐宋时期具有代表性作家的11万条足迹数据,利用GIS的位置关联技术形成足迹图,构建了文人迁徙网络图;并采用空间化的PageRank算法计算出唐宋时期各城市的文化吸引力,直观地呈现出了不同时期文人聚集的中心城市,重塑唐宋文化中心变迁。同时,从定量、地理位置变化和时序角度剖析了中国不同时期城市的文化吸引力的分布和变化。为论证中国文化中心的南北变迁,对唐宋时期的城市文化吸引力聚合,以20年间隔来科学计算出南北文化中心的对比和演变,科学表现文化中心的南北随时间的变化,论证了中国文化中心3次南移的后2次,发现中国文化中心南移的时间早在北宋时期就已完成。

关键词: 文化地理, 唐宋时期, 文人足迹, 文化中心城市, 位置关联, 聚集性, PageRank算法, 数据科学

Abstract:

Chinese historical culture has always been a hot topic in Chinese literature research. Most researches are based on the literary works themselves or individual litterateur' characteristics, which are lack of the support of big data about ancient litterateurs' behaviors. The historical development is created by the groups of the individuals, and ancient literati's behaviors potentially influenced and determined the distributions and transitions of ancient culture in the field of cultural geography. This paper proposed a method of big data analysis based on literati's locations and aggregations of literati movements, and demonstrated the changes of the cultural-center cities in Chinese history based on the literati's footprint data in the Tang and Song Dynasties. The opinions about three transitions of Chinese historical cultural center in cultural geography are basically built on qualitative analysis and on the inference of three historical battles, which is short of valid ancient cultural data to validate. This paper tried to examine and demonstrate the opinions based on data science, information science, and GIS analysis techniques. Records about 110 000 footprint data of more than 300 important literati in the Tang and Song Dynasties were collected from the relatedcultural works and literatures, and the paper used location-linked technology in GIS field to form trajectories, and constructed the literati migration network map. The spatialized PageRank algorithm was adopted to calculate the Chinese cities' cultural attractions and their ranks, which visualized the literati aggregation center in different eras and plotted the cultural-center cities of the Tang and Song Dynasties using heat maps. At the same time, quantitative descriptions of the cities' cultural attractions and geographic distributions and changes of different cities in Tang and Song Dynasties were illustrated by maps and tables in this paper. To demonstrate the transition of Chinese historical culture center, the paper summarized the cities' cultural attractions in the Tang and Song Dynasties by the interval of 20 years, and reshaped the change curve to visualize the comparisons and changes of culture weights about south and north in historical china over time. Then, this paper scientifically demonstrated the two latter times of the three cultural movements of the Chinese cultural center from the perspective of data science by quantitative analysis and graphic visualization. It was found that the southward movement of the Chinese cultural center was completed as early as the NanSong Dynasty. This paper also analyzed the formation of the cultural-central city and analyzed the possible factors of the cultural-center southward movement with the historical contexts.

Key words: Cultural geography, Tang and Song Dynasties, Literati's footprints, cultural-center city, location-based association, aggregation, Page Rank Algorithm, Data Science

应申, 侯景洋, 周钰笛, 窦小影, 王兆鹏, 邵大为. 基于唐宋文人足迹集聚性分析的中心文化城市变迁[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2020, 22(5): 945-953.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2020.190692

YING Shen, HOU Jingyang, ZHOU Yudi, DOU Xiaoying, WANG Zhaopeng, SHAO Dawei. Transitions of Culture-center City in Tang and Song Dynasties based on the Aggregation of Literati's Footprints[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2020, 22(5): 945-953.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2020.190692

图/表 4

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唐朝前期		唐朝后期		北宋时期		南宋时期
城市	PR值	城市	PR值	城市	PR值	城市	PR值
西安市	0.0959	西安市	0.1036	开封市	0.1172	杭州市	0.0779
洛阳市	0.0422	洛阳市	0.0363	洛阳市	0.0130	南京市	0.0145
襄阳市	0.0135	扬州市	0.0165	杭州市	0.0122	福州市	0.0142
扬州市	0.0103	镇江市	0.0120	扬州市	0.0117	吉安市	0.0135
登封市	0.0091	开封市	0.0114	商丘市	0.0110	苏州市	0.0119
南京市	0.0081	杭州市	0.0108	西安市	0.0093	绍兴市	0.0114
开封市	0.0078	苏州市	0.0107	镇江市	0.0087	长沙市	0.0109
九江市	0.0076	九江市	0.0097	苏州市	0.0087	南昌市	0.0097
吉木萨尔县	0.0072	南京市	0.0095	南京市	0.0083	九江市	0.0088
华阴市	0.0069	宜春市	0.0087	九江市	0.0073	成都市	0.0086
成都市	0.0067	成都市	0.0087	成都市	0.0071	温州市	0.0070
绍兴市	0.0066	岳阳市	0.0076	长沙市	0.0063	衢州市	0.0068
武汉市	0.0065	襄阳市	0.0075	大名县	0.0062	扬州市	0.0066
商丘市	0.0064	武汉市	0.0071	许昌市	0.0059	湖州市	0.0066
镇江市	0.0061	永济市	0.0070	常州市	0.0055	武夷山市	0.0064
苏州市	0.0061	荆州市	0.0068	湖州市	0.0054	开封市	0.0060
岳阳市	0.0061	绍兴市	0.0067	徐州市	0.0053	镇江市	0.0060
济宁市	0.0059	长沙市	0.0066	盱眙县	0.0050	荆州市	0.0058
灵宝市	0.0057	华阴市	0.0064	南昌市	0.0050	莆田市	0.0053
武威市	0.0055	衡阳市	0.0058	淮安市	0.0047	建瓯市	0.0052

基于唐宋文人足迹集聚性分析的中心文化城市变迁

Transitions of Culture-center City in Tang and Song Dynasties based on the Aggregation of Literati's Footprints

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