• 专栏：全球新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情时空建模与决策分析 •

### 一种耦合LSTM算法和云模型的疫情传播风险预测模型

1. 中国海洋大学工程学院 城市与工程管理信息化山东高校重点实验室,青岛 266100
• 收稿日期:2021-09-25 修回日期:2021-11-09 出版日期:2021-11-25 发布日期:2022-01-25
• 通讯作者: *高惠瑛（1967— ）,女,山东青岛人,博士,教授,主要从事城市灾害的风险管理以及城市安全管理信息系统研发。 E-mail: fqmghy@sina.com
• 作者简介:李照（1996— ）,女,山东济南人,硕士生,主要从事城市突发公共卫生防灾及风险评估研究。E-mail: zz2015@stu.ouc.edu.cn
• 基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41906185);国家自然科学基金项目(U1706226);国家自然科学基金项目(52071307)

### An Epidemic Spread Risk Prediction Model Coupled with LSTM Algorithm and Cloud Model

LI Zhao(), GAO Huiying(), DAI Xiaoyi, SUN Hai

1. Key Laboratory of Modern Management Informationization Universities in Shandong, College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
• Received:2021-09-25 Revised:2021-11-09 Online:2021-11-25 Published:2022-01-25
• Contact: *GAO Huiying, E-mail: fqmghy@sina.com
• Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No(41906185);National Natural Science Foundation of China, No(U1706226);National Natural Science Foundation of China, No(52071307)

Abstract:

The COVID-19 epidemic poses a great threat to public health and people's lives, which has initiated new challenges to the prevention and control system of the epidemic in China. In all efforts for epidemic control and prevention, predicting the risk of epidemic spread is of great practical importance for scientific prevention and control, and precise strategies. To predict the risk of an epidemic rapidly and quantitatively, this paper fused multi-source spatiotemporal data and established a risk prediction model for epidemic transmission by coupling LSTM algorithm and cloud model. Firstly, a simulation model of the spatiotemporal spread of infectious diseases was built based on GIS and LSTM algorithm, which simulated the infectious disease's spatiotemporal transmission process by learning rules in historical epidemic data. At the same time, to improve the simulation accuracy, this paper took 1 km × 1 km for the spatial scale, and days for the temporal scale as the study scale. Secondly, this paper applied the simulated data of infectious cases and the spatiotemporal influence factors on the spread of the epidemic to construct risk evaluation indicators. Finally, the cloud model and adaptive strategies were applied to construct an epidemic risk assessment model. In this way, the epidemic risk assessment at multiple spatial scales was achieved. In the empirical study phase, based on the Beijing COVID-19 epidemic data from 11 June 2020 to 25 June 2020, this paper simulated the process of the spatial evolution of the epidemic from 26 June 2020 to 1 July 2020. To test the advantage of the LSTM model applied to simulate spatiotemporal spread of infectious diseases, four machine learning models were introduced for comparison, including GA-BP Neural Network, Decision Regression Tree, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine. The results were as follows: ① Compared with other conventional machine learning models, the LSTM model with time-series relationship had higher simulation accuracy (MAE=0.002 61) and better fitting degree (R-Square=0.9455). This showed that the LSTM model considering the temporal relationship between epidemic data was more suitable for epidemic spatial evolution simulation. ② The application results showed that the coupled model can not only fully consider the influence of infection source factors, weather factors, epidemic spread factors and epidemic prevention factors on the spread of transmission risk and reflect the trend of risk evolution, but also quickly quantify regional risk levels. Therefore, the coupled model based on LSTM algorithm and cloud model can effectively predict the transmission risk of epidemic, and also provide a method reference for establishing spatial-temporal transmission models and assessing epidemic risk.