地球信息科学技术在国土空间规划中的应用研究进展

doi:10.12082/dqxxkx.2022.210317

地球信息科学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 202-219.doi: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2022.210317

• 地球信息技术在国土空间规划中的应用 • 上一篇下一篇

地球信息科学技术在国土空间规划中的应用研究进展

谢花林(), 温家明^*(), 陈倩茹, 何亚芬^*()

江西财经大学生态文明研究院,南昌 330013

收稿日期:2021-06-07 修回日期:2021-09-30 出版日期:2022-02-25 发布日期:2022-04-25
通讯作者: 温家明（1994— ）,男,江西宁都人,博士生,研究方向为国土经济与空间规划。E-mail: 2201910102@stu.jxufe.edu.cn
*何亚芬（1990— ）,女,江西瑞昌人,博士,副研究员,研究方向为国土空间规划。E-mail: heyafen1990@163.com;
作者简介:谢花林（1979— ）,男,江西莲花人,博士,教授,研究方向为国土空间规划。E-mail: xiehl_2000@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41971243)

Research Progress of the Application of Geo-information Science and Technology in Territorial Spatial Planning

XIE Hualin(), WEN Jiaming^*(), CHEN Qianru, HE Yafen^*()

Institute of Ecological Civilization, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330013, China

Received:2021-06-07 Revised:2021-09-30 Online:2022-02-25 Published:2022-04-25
Contact: WEN Jiaming,HE Yafen
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41971243)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

国土空间规划是高质量发展的空间蓝图,地球信息科学技术改变了国土空间规划的方式,其强大的数据获取、分析、预测和管理能力为国土空间规划提供了数据、方法和平台支撑,提高了国土空间规划的科学性和可操作性。本文综合运用文献调研、归纳和对比分析等方法,试图在分析国土空间规划编制、实施和监管的全流程以及国土空间规划公众参与和智慧化转型需求的基础上,系统阐述地球信息科学技术在国土空间规划中的应用研究进展,主要集中在3个方面：① 地理空间数据、遥感数据和社会经济大数据为国土空间规划提供了数据基础;② GIS分析方法、地理模拟方法和人工智能方法为国土空间规划提供技术支撑;③ GIS平台、云计算和城市智能平台等技术方法推动了国土空间规划的智慧化转型。随着2021年我国国土空间规划体系的基本建立,未来应关注智慧化规划技术和方法在农业空间和生态空间的应用、构建智慧国土空间规划的技术体系,并进一步提升国土空间规划的智慧化水平。

关键词: 国土空间规划, 地球信息科学, 规划编制方法, 数据获取, 技术体系, 规划平台, 地理信息系统, 遥感技术

Abstract:

Territorial spatial planning is the spatial blueprint of high-quality social and economic development. With the rapid development of geo-information science and technology, geo-information science and tech- nology has changed the way of territorial spatial planning. Its powerful capability in data acquisition, analysis, prediction, and management provides support in data, method, and platform for territorial spatial planning, thus enabling territorial spatial planning to be more scientific, operable, and forward-looking. Based on literature review, summary, and comparative analysis, this study analyzes the technical requirements of territorial spatial planning compilation, implementation, supervision, public participation, and intelligent transformation, and systematically expounded the application of geo-information science and technology in territorial spatial planning. This study expounds the contributions of geo-information science on China's territorial spatial planning from the following three aspects: (1) Geospatial data, remote sensing data, and socio-economic big data provide data basis for territorial spatial planning; (2) Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis method, geographic simulation method, and artificial intelligence method provide method support for territorial spatial planning; (3) The application of GIS platform, cloud computing, and urban intelligent platform promotes the intelligent transformation of territorial spatial planning. This study also points out shortages of different technologies. However, there are still some problems that need to be further explored: (1) The generation of socio-economic big data and its application scenarios in territorial spatial planning are concentrated in urban space; (2) Both traditional and modern technologies in territorial spatial planning have advantages and disadvantages. These technologies need to be effectively integrated to prepare more scientific territorial spatial planning; (3) The construction of territorial spatial planning platform has not been organically combined with the construction of City Information Modeling (CIM) and other intelligent society platforms, there is a huge space for mining in the future. According to the maturity of its application in territorial spatial planning, these technologies can be divided into mature technology and promising technology. With the promulgation of territorial spatial planning at all levels and types and the initial establishment of Chinese territorial spatial planning system in 2021, attention should be paid to the application of intelligent planning methods in agricultural space and ecological space, technical system construction of intelligent territorial spatial planning, and the improvement of territorial spatial planning intellectualization.

Key words: territorial spatial planning, geo-information science and technology, technical system, establishment method of territorial spatial planning, data acquisition, planning platform, geographic information system, remote sensing

谢花林, 温家明, 陈倩茹, 何亚芬. 地球信息科学技术在国土空间规划中的应用研究进展[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2022, 24(2): 202-219.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2022.210317

XIE Hualin, WEN Jiaming, CHEN Qianru, HE Yafen. Research Progress of the Application of Geo-information Science and Technology in Territorial Spatial Planning[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2022, 24(2): 202-219.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2022.210317

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分析方法	常用功能	应用场景
空间分析方法	叠置分析、距离分析、缓冲区分析、网络分析、栅格计算、统计分析、密度分析、表面分析	土地利用变化分析、生态保护重要性评价、规划实施评估、灾害风险评估、国土空间格局优化、“三区三线”划定和“双评价”等场景
空间统计方法	空间自相关分析、聚类分析、度量地理分布、空间关系建模	“三区三线”划定、“双评价”、规划实施评估和主体功能区划定等场景
地统计方法	插值分析、模拟分析	生态风险评价、生态安全格局构建等场景

国土空间规划需求	应用成熟的技术	正在探索的技术
多源数据获取	国土调查数据基础地理数据自然资源管理数据卫星遥感数据统计数据	无人机遥感数据互联网移动位置服务数据兴趣点数据社交媒体数据 Lidar点云数据物联网数据区块链数据街景数据
技术体系支撑	可视化分析叠加分析空间统计分析 CA模型 CLUE-S模型	MAS模型人工智能算法深度学习计算机视觉虚拟现实技术
信息化平台构建	WebGIS技术建筑信息模型（BIM）	云计算城市信息模型（CIM）数字孪生城市 PPGIS技术

地球信息科学技术在国土空间规划中的应用研究进展

Research Progress of the Application of Geo-information Science and Technology in Territorial Spatial Planning

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