地球信息科学学报

地球信息科学学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4): 513-519.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2011.00513

• 城市空间的系统分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

城市总体规划环境影响的GIS模拟与评价分析

程熙1, 沈占锋1, 杨邦会1, 刘毅2, 张志果3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院遥感应用研究所,北京 100101;
    2. 清华大学环境学院,北京 100084;
    3. 中国城市规划设计研究院,北京 100037
  • 收稿日期:2011-02-25 修回日期:2011-07-13 出版日期:2011-08-25 发布日期:2011-08-23
  • 作者简介:程熙(1982-), 男,四川乐山人,博士生。研究方向为遥感的城市人居环境应用研究。 E-mail: chengxi@irsa.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40871203,40971228);国家"863"项目(2009AA12Z148,2009AA12Z121);水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2008ZX07318-001)。

Method of Environmental Impact Assessment for Urban Master Planning Based on GIS

CHENG Xi1, SHEN Zhanfeng1, YANG Banghui1, LIU Yi2, ZHANG Zhiguo3   

  1. 1. Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
    3. China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China
  • Received:2011-02-25 Revised:2011-07-13 Online:2011-08-25 Published:2011-08-23

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摘要： 城市环境影响评价是城市规划与可持续发展中的一个重要问题。从规划部门对设计方案进行分析比较、定量评估的实际需求出发,采用地理信息数据处理与模拟等技术,归纳了GIS的评估指标体系。针对城市总体规划方案,将GIS数据引入气象模型,建立城市规划气象GIS论证评价技术路线;对规划方案进行空间概化、划分并识别单元特征,通过土地利用回归法(LUR)建立了基于空间单元的城市规划大气环境、水环境和噪声环境模拟适用模型;并在案例城市总体规划与方案编制中应用,以及环境影响的定量评估,为优化城市整体规划和局部布局提供了科学依据。城市规划环境影响GIS的评价,对于城市总体规划方案的制定,指导城市定位与发展方向的合理性和生态环境适宜性有着重要的辅助决策作用。

关键词: GIS, 城市规划, 环境影响, 评价体系

Abstract: Urban environmental impact assessment is an important problem in urban planning and for urban sustainable development. According to the need of analysis, comparison and quantitative evaluation to design plans by relative departments, we established an urban planning environment simulation model for design and implementation of urban master planning. The model was composed of three sub-models, i.e. atmospheric environment, water environment and noise environment simulation models, involving GIS techniques such as establishing of regional boundary layer mode (RBLM) and urban planning meteorological feasibility evaluation technique route, and using of land use regression (LUR) method. The modle was used in a case city. We quantitatively evaluated the environmental impact before the implementation of the urban planning scheme. This is helpful for the optimization of whole urban planning and part arrangement in a city.

Key words: GIS, urban planning, environmental impact, assessment method