地球信息科学学报

地球信息科学学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (6): 788-796.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2011.00788

• 地球信息综合分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于房产空间数据的楼宇空间疏散路径建模研究

温永宁1,2, 张红平1,3, 闾国年1, 张宏1, 陶虹1   

  1. 1. 南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室, 南京 210046;
    2. 武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程 国家重点实验室, 武汉 430079;
    3. 国家基础地理信息中心, 北京 100830
  • 收稿日期:2011-06-27 修回日期:2011-11-08 出版日期:2011-12-25 发布日期:2011-12-25
  • 作者简介:温永宁(1978-),男,博士,博士后,讲师.主要研究方向为地理信息系统应用开发和虚拟地理环境. E-mail:wenyn@msn.com

Estate Spatial Data Based Building Space Modeling for the Evacuation Route

WEN Yongning1,2, ZHANG Hongping1,3, LV Guonian1, ZHANG Hong1, TAO Hong1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;
    3. National Geomatic Center of China, Beijing 100830, China
  • Received:2011-06-27 Revised:2011-11-08 Online:2011-12-25 Published:2011-12-25

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摘要： 紧急情况下人员快速、安全疏散是室内空间智能化导航和路径规划服务的研究热点.本文采用房产空间管理数据为数据源,以"路径"和"节点"为关键要素,设计了楼宇空间路径模型,用以表达楼宇内部的空间关系及拓扑结构.基于此模型进一步研究了用于紧急疏散的楼宇路径构建算法,论述了构建"单楼层"和"多楼层"路径过程中走廊(过道)路径提取、房间结点融合、楼宇三维路径模型构建等关键技术.最后设计了原型系统,集成寻径算法,验证了楼宇空间疏散路径建模的实用性.

关键词: 房产空间数据, 楼宇空间, 疏散路径建模

Abstract: The complex internal structure of modern architecture (especially buildings) which results in difficulty in fast and safe evacuation is a hotspot of indoor space intelligent navigation and path planning services currently. Based on the analysis of building data features and existing data resources, this article firstly explained the reason why it is better to choose estate spatial management data as the source. Then, an applicable building construction modeling method for emergency evacuation was developed as a foundation by establishing the mapping relationship between geographic entities and their topological expression. The data model uses "node" and "path" to express the spatial relationships and topology structure of building components, and each space entities (e.g., room, corridor) composing of the evacuating route were mapped into the "node" or "path" in the data model. After that, the whole process of modeling space route in buildings was addressed by two key steps: 1) the single floor route models were modeled, and were used to express the inner route of each floor; 2) the single floor route models were connected and the multi-floors route models were generated to express the inner route of whole building. Furthermore, some key methods including path extraction of corridor using Delaunay triangulation algorithm with constrained edge, fusion of room nodes (including elevator room, cubicle, etc.) into the ‘path', and three-dimensional route model construction from single floor to multi-floors, which were used to modeling space route, were illustrated in details. Finally, a prototype system was constructed and the New City Square in Long Jiang area, Nanjing was chosen as a case of study, and the whole building space was constructed according to the modeling method mentioned above. By integrating of the existing path-finding algorithm which named Dijkstra algorithm, the practicality of this modeling method is verified, which shows that the building space modeling method based on estate spatial data can well support evacuation route design.

Key words: evacuation route modeling, estate spatial data, building space