地球信息科学学报

地球信息科学学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (2): 217-224.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2013.00217

• 地理信息系统平台开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

空间信息源的多尺度地形图智能化缩编方法与应用

张必胜1, 李朝奎2, 周启3   

  1. 1. 湘潭市勘测设计院, 湘潭411100;
    2. 湖南科技大学地理空间信息湖南省工程实验室, 湘潭411201;
    3. 武汉大学资源与环境科学学院, 武汉430079
  • 收稿日期:2012-02-02 修回日期:2012-12-25 出版日期:2013-04-25 发布日期:2013-04-18
  • 作者简介:张必胜(1971-),男,湖北长阳人,高级工程师,注册测绘师,研究方向为地理空间信息获取与应用。E-mail:bszhangxt@tom.com
  • 基金资助:

    住房和城乡建设部科学技术项目计划(2010-S6-4);国家测绘地理信息局2010 年数字湘潭地理空间框架建设推广计划(2010[22]号文);湖南省自然科学基金项目(12JJ9023)。

The Strategy and Application of Intelligent Muti-scale Topographic Map Generalization Based on Spatial Data Source

ZHANG Bisheng1, LI Chaokui2, ZHOU Qi3   

  1. 1. Xiangtan City Geotechnical Surveying & Design Institute, Xiangtan 411100, China;
    2. Hunan Province Engineering Laboratory of Geospatial Information, Xiangtan 411201, China;
    3. Wuhan University Resource and Environmental Science Institute, Wuhan 430079, China
  • Received:2012-02-02 Revised:2012-12-25 Online:2013-04-25 Published:2013-04-18

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摘要：

多尺度地形图生产和建库是基础地理信息系统建设的重要内容, 也是信息库建设的重点和难点。小比例尺地形图, 一是按照相应比例规则进行实地测绘, 二是采用制图综合逐级缩编, 但无论哪种方法都存在着时间长、效率低、更新困难, 质量因人而异等缺陷。基于空间信息源的多尺度地形图智能化缩编, 借助空间信息数据的整体性、适应性、拓展性、算法先进性和超强分析能力, 运用空间信息拓扑关系, 建立基本比例尺图形数据库, 在信息数据库中智能化完成梯级比例尺缩编、跨比例尺缩编及任意比例尺缩编, 自动快速建立相应比例尺图形数据库, 同时保障多尺度图形数据库及时更新和维护。该方法克服了传统测绘与缩编地形图的弊端, 保障系列比例尺地形图与基本比例尺图形数据库的一致性、实时性, 满足各层次、各行业用图需求, 方便快速建立城市DSM 地表模型和空间真三维地理模型, 具有成本低、速度快、精度高、通用性强、按需供图的特点和优势。湘潭市工程实践证明:基于空间信息源数据的地形图智能化缩编的体系、架构、理论和方法是可行的, 有广泛推广应用价值。

关键词: 多尺度地形图, 智能化缩编, 规则库, 空间信息源, 自动更新

Abstract:

Maps of different scales contain different contents and have different social and economic functions. The production and database building of these maps are an important and difficult part of GIS database building. In the past, maps of small scales could be obtained mainly through stepped generalization of large-scaled maps by using digital map generalizing software, which was characterized by low-efficiency, time-consuming, difficult upgrading and unstandard quality. This paper aims at a research on how to establish spatial topological relationship, build database of maps of fundamental scales, accomplish intelligent generalization of adjacent-scaled maps, nonadjacent-scaled maps and randomly-scaled maps, then automatically establish database of maps of various corresponding scales with high speed, guarantee of timely data updating and maitainance of multi-scaled map database. This method, by making use of the integrity, adaptability, applicability, advanced calculation and extraordinary analyzing ability of GIS database, could overcome the disadvantages of traditional methods, ensure the consistency and real time of the database, meet needs from all professions and of all levels, and facilitate the building of urban DSM and three dimensional real models, having the advantages of low cost, high speed, great accuracy, good applicability and map-providing according to needs. The practice of Xiangtan Digital City Project has proved the feasibility and social value of the GISidMAPR® system proposed by this research.

Key words: multi-scale cartographic map, intelligent downsizing, rule database, source of spatial information, automatic updates