关键词: 人口分布, 格网化, 多源数据, 居民地信息增强, 延安市

Abstract:

Gridded population distribution data are increasingly expanding their uses in a wide range of fields, such as resource utilization, disaster response and relief, environment protection, and economic research. The enhancement of resolution with detailed precision is a perpetual topic in population gridding research. In this paper, a 100m gridded population dataset was established for Yan’an city by developing a method that distributed the population based on the land use data with improved settlement information. Data used here include township boundary data, township-level demographic data, land use data, TM image, town-village settlement point data, and DMSP/OLS nighttime light images. Two approaches were used to improve the detailed information of settlement distribution. First, we identify the rural settlement information from land use data and enhance the information by the village point data obtained from Google Earth. Second, we downscale the DMSP/OLS data by spatial interpolation. The sum of light emission, lit area and unlit area under different land use types in each town were counted to be used as the independent variables, and the statistical population of each town were used as the dependent variable. A stepwise regression method was adopted to simulate their relationship. Finally, the sum of night light emission, the unlit area of build-up area, the unlit area of grassland, and the lit area of farmland were put into constructing the ultimate equation. All variables were significant under the level of 0.01 and the coefficient of multiple correlation is 0.872. We estimated the population at township level for selected towns as a validation. Through using the equation, we found that the mean error between the estimation and the statistical population is lower than 5%. The above analysis suggests that the proposed modeling strategy is highly efficient. As a result, we calculate the weight and distribute the population through the equation in the formation of 100m grid, by taking township as the unit. In summary, the gridding method used in this study can obviously improve the output resolution and the distribution details. Also, the expression of the final equation is relative simple. As a conclusion, this paper has its significance in guiding the population gridding research in the county level areas like Yan’an city.

Key words: population distribution, multi-source data, spatialization, enhancement of settlement distribution information, Yan'an city