金钟山国家级自然保护区黑颈长尾雉生境适宜性评价

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1047.2016.00526

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为加强对珍稀动物黑颈长尾雉（Syrmaticus humiae）的保护,本研究以广西金钟山国家级自然保护区的黑颈长尾雉野外实地调查数据为基础,在地理信息系统（GIS）技术支持下,以植被类型、植被覆盖度、海拔和坡度为评价因子,采用生境适宜性评价模型,对黑颈长尾雉潜在生境的适宜性进行了评价。研究结果表明：(1) 黑颈长尾雉最适宜的生境是海拔1000~1850 m、坡度为5~25 o、盖度大于70%的落叶阔叶林,这些区域应该成为重点保护的生境;(2) 保护区内黑颈长尾雉分布的生境类型有25种,鉴于保护的有效性和成本,选择面积占主导的15种生境类型为潜在生境,其中,54.31%的潜在生境分布在核心区内,15.75%分布在缓冲区,29.94%分布在实验区;(3) 生境适宜性评价结果表明,保护区适宜栖息生境的面积达74 km²,约占保护区总面积的36.30%。最后,基于黑颈长尾雉在金钟山自然保护区的生境适宜性研究范围提出了相应的保护对策。

关键词: 黑颈长尾雉, 金钟山, 地理信息系统, 生境适宜性评价

Abstract:

To strengthen the protection of the rare animal species of Syrmaticus humiae, we assessed the habitat suitability of Syrmaticus humiae in Jinzhongshan Nature Reserve. Based on the field survey data, we selected the vegetation type, vegetation coverage, altitude and slope as the evaluation factors and built the habitat suitability model using GIS technology. The results showed that: (1) the deciduous broadleaved forest area with the altitude of 1000-1850 m, the slope of 5-25o and the vegetation coverage higher than 70% are the most suitable habitat for Syrmaticus humiae, so these areas should be taken as the key protection habitat; (2) there are a total of 25 kinds of habitat types for Syrmaticus humiae to settle, however, considering the efficiency and cost of the conservation, 15 kinds among the habitat types with bigger area are selected as the potential habitat, and 54.31% of the potential habitat is distributed in the core zone of the nature reserve, 15.75% of the potential habitat is distributed in the buffer zone, and 29.94% of the potential habitat is distributed in the experiment zone; (3) the assessment of the habitat suitability showed that the area of the suitable habitat is about 74 km² and takes almost 36.30% of the total area of Jinzhongshan Nature Reserve. Based on the habit assessment of Syrmaticus humiae, a series of conservation strategy was proposed respectively.

Key words: Jinzhongshan Nationnal Nature Reserve, Syrmaticus humiae, habitat suitability assessment

刘慧明, 刘晓曼, 王昌佐, 王桥. 金钟山国家级自然保护区黑颈长尾雉生境适宜性评价[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2016, 18(4): 526-536.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1047.2016.00526

LIU Huiming,LIU Xiaoman,WANG Changzuo,WANG Qiao. Assessment and Conservation Strategy on Habitat Suitability of Syrmaticus humiae in Jinzhongshan National Nature Reserve[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2016, 18(4): 526-536.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1047.2016.00526

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	核心区			缓冲区			实验区
	面积/hm²		百分比/(%)		面积/hm²	百分比/（%）	面积/hm²	百分比/（%）
农田	26.64	0.14		35.72	0.19		80.83	0.39
城镇居民点	127.49	0.67		157.94	0.83		494.74	2.16
人工设施	0	0		0	0		3.60	0.02
道路	57 094	-		40 316	-		101 062	-

因子类型	分级	代码
海拔/m	700~1000	1
	1000~1300	2
	1300~1850	3
坡度/o	<5	1
	5~15	2
	15~25	3
	25~35	4
	35~60	5
植被覆盖度	<30%	1
	30%~50%	2
	50%~70%	3
	70%~90%	4
	>90%	5
植被类型	农田和村庄	11
	山顶矮林	12
	常绿落叶阔叶混交林	13
	常绿阔叶林	14
	湿地	15
	灌丛	16
	竹林	17
	经济林	18
	草丛	19
	落叶阔叶林	20
	幼林地	21
	针叶林	22

代码	海拔范围/m	出现次数	出现频率/(%)	面积/km²	面积百分比/(%)	密度（出现次数/km²）
1	700~1000	1	0.68	42.94	20.96	0.02
2	1000~1300	52	35.62	101.19	49.40	0.51
3	1300~1850	93	63.70	60.71	29.64	1.53

代码	坡度/°	出现次数	出现频率/(%)	面积/km²	面积百分比/(%)	密度/（出现次数/km²）
1	<5	6	4.11	7.48	3.65	0.80
2	5~15	38	26.03	52.41	25.58	0.73
3	15~25	92	63.01	110.19	53.79	0.83
4	25~35	9	6.16	33.49	16.35	0.27
5	35~60	1	0.68	1.27	0.62	0.79

代码	植被类型	出现次数	出现频率/(%)	面积/km²	面积百分比/(%)	密度（出现次数/km²）
11	农田和村庄	0	0.00	1.14	0.56	0
12	山顶矮林	0	0.00	0.08	0.04	0
13	常绿落叶阔叶混交林	20	13.70	4.01	1.96	4.99
14	常绿阔叶林	5	3.42	4.54	2.21	1.10
15	湿地	0	0.00	9.32	4.55	0
16	灌丛	9	6.16	17.70	8.64	0.51
17	竹林	0	0.00	0.11	0.05	0
18	经济林	33	22.60	19.34	9.44	1.71
19	草丛	0	0.00	9.37	4.57	0
20	落叶阔叶林	52	35.62	93.03	45.40	0.56
21	幼林地	24	16.44	31.82	15.53	0.75
22	针叶林	3	2.05	14.44	7.05	0.21