从地理信息系统角度探究盲人户外导航的几个关键问题

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1047.2014.00553

地球信息科学学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (4): 553-559.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2014.00553

从地理信息系统角度探究盲人户外导航的几个关键问题

陈旻^1,²(), 刘德儿^1,⁴, 林珲^1,^2,^3**()

1. 香港中文大学太空与地球信息科学研究所,香港沙田
2. 香港中文大学深圳研究院,深圳 518057
3. 香港中文大学地理与资源管理学系,香港沙田
4. 江西理工大学建筑与测绘工程学院,赣州 341000

收稿日期:2013-10-15 修回日期:2014-01-23 出版日期:2014-07-10 发布日期:2014-07-10
作者简介:
作者简介：陈旻(1981-),江苏泰州人,副研究员,研究方向为虚拟地理环境、空间综合人文学与社会科学。E-mail：chenmin0902@cuhk.edu.hk
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41101439、41361077);江西省科技厅对外(赣港)科技合作计划项目(20133BDH80016)

A Discussion about Some Key Points of Outdoor Blind Guidance Based on Geographic Information System

CHEN Min^1,²(), LIU Deer^1,⁴, LIN Hui^1,^2,^3*()

1. Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin Hong Kong, China
2. Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
3. Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin Hong Kong, China
4. Faculty of Architectural and Survey Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China

Received:2013-10-15 Revised:2014-01-23 Online:2014-07-10 Published:2014-07-10
About author:
*The author: CHEN Nan, E-mail：fjcn99@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用现代信息技术来弥补盲人在出行时空间感知的缺失,是提高盲人户外行动能力、城市生活品质的重要手段。相关理论与技术的研究已经逐步展开,出现了多种利用RFID、红外、蓝牙、WiFi、超声波、图像识别等信息感知技术开发的助行及路障侦测辅助工具,但如何进一步获取丰富的地理信息（包括地理语义信息）,并以此选择便于行走、风险较低的路径,仍然是盲人户外导航的难题。为了设计能够服务于盲人户外行走的地理信息系统,国外相关研究开始意识到适合于盲人空间感知需求的地理信息组织及其利用策略是盲人户外导航的重要基础之一;而国内的相关研究相对较少。因此,本文从地理信息系统（GIS）的视角,对盲人户外导航所涉及的地理信息需求分析、盲人用户外地理数据建模及引导算法3个关键点及其相关研究进行分析与论述,指出当前存在问题及发展趋势,并促进地理信息技术服务于户外导盲领域的发展。

关键词: 户外导盲, 地理数据建模, 导盲算法, 地理信息技术

Abstract:

：Geographic information technologies are playing increasingly significant roles in supplementing the blind with spatial cognition, enhancing their mobility of outdoor activities and their quality of life in urban area. Increasing researches have appeared in the fields of electronics and computer science. Technologies related to RFID, infrared, Bluetooth, WiFi, ultrasonic and image recognition have been employed to develop tools for urban barriers detection. Barricade detection with electronic tools; however, cannot well satisfy the needs of the blind’s outdoor activities. As a matter of fact, researchers become increasingly aware of the importance of geographic information (including semantic information), with which the more familiar and convenient paths can be chosen, and the risks of outdoor activities can be reduced. With the development of geographic information technology, the abroad correlated researches have focused on the exploration of the requirements of spatial perception for the blind, and these researchers set geographic information to be the foundation of assisting outdoor blind guidance. Accordingly, geographic information technologies are integrated with other technologies to serve the blind guidance. However, this kind of research is quite rare in China. From the perspective of geographic information, this article gives a summary of relevant researchillustrates current issues, and point out the development tendency. It also aims at providing essential theoretical support for the development of related hardware and software, and further promoting the application of geographic information technologies in the field of blind service.

Key words: outdoor blind guidance, geographic data modeling, blind guidance algorithm, geographic information technology

陈旻, 刘德儿, 林珲. 从地理信息系统角度探究盲人户外导航的几个关键问题[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2014, 16(4): 553-559.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1047.2014.00553

CHEN Min,LIU Deer,LIN Hui. A Discussion about Some Key Points of Outdoor Blind Guidance Based on Geographic Information System[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2014, 16(4): 553-559.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1047.2014.00553

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研究方法	研究团队	需关注的出行要素（除了Lynch提出的5大城市要素：道路、边界线、区域、节点与地标）
盲人心像表征分析	Bentzen等	强调盲人更关注道路之间的连接点
	Gaunet	行走过程中5~10 m的路径信息距离路口30 m之内的环境信息
	Yaagoubi和Edwards	盲人在不同情况下对于空间信息需求存在层次性强调对象之间关系
盲人出行行为分析	Chandler和Worsflod	出行主要依靠乘坐相关交通工具及步行2种方式
	Pey等	公交汽车的行走方向、目的地、站点信息等
	Polzerova和Fraser	地铁和出租车的位置信息、站台信息等
情景的问卷调查分析	Marston	对所在地地物的描述信息、一定距离之内的空间布局、方位信息、盲人自身的位置信息,以及整体的空间概念
	Golledge等	所面对的道路、所处的街道角落、转弯时机与方向,商店、办公室、公交站点的位置,以及路过的地点位置
	Liao	路口信息、街道、目的地、地标、路线,以及建筑物信息

从地理信息系统角度探究盲人户外导航的几个关键问题

A Discussion about Some Key Points of Outdoor Blind Guidance Based on Geographic Information System

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