地球信息科学学报

地球信息科学学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (4): 604-610.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2013.00604

• 遥感科学与应用技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木河流域综合治理生态要素变化的遥感分析

谭克龙1, 王晓峰2, 高会军1, 程维明3   

  1. 1. 中国煤炭地质总局航测遥感局, 西安 710054;
    2. 长安大学地球科学与资源学院, 西安 710054;
    3. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室, 北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2012-10-01 修回日期:2013-04-05 出版日期:2013-08-08 发布日期:2013-08-08
  • 通讯作者: 程维明(1973- ),男,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向为数字地貌与地学信息图谱。E-mail:chengwm@lreis.ac.cn E-mail:chengwm@lreis.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:谭克龙(1964- ),男,博士,教授级高工,主要从事生态环境及遥感地质等方面的研究。E-mail:Tan-kl@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金专项项目“生态导向的陕北能源工矿区主体功能区划及可持续发展模式研究”(41040011);国家发改委[发改投资(2003)1124号、发改投资(2004)1491号]和世界银行贷款[3093-CHA/4341-CHA]项目。

Analysis of Ecological Elements of Comprehensive Harnessing in Tarim River Basin Using Remote Sensing

TAN Kelong1, WANG Xiaofeng2, GAO Huijun1, CHENG Weiming3   

  1. 1. Aerial Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Bureau, China National Administration of Coal Geology, Xi'an 710054, China;
    2. College of Earth Science Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China;
    3. State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2012-10-01 Revised:2013-04-05 Online:2013-08-08 Published:2013-08-08

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被引次数

17 | 9

摘要：

采用多种类、多时相遥感数据对塔里木河流域综合治理后的耕地变化和干流绿色走廊带的植被、沙质荒漠化和盐碱质荒漠化等主要生态要素进行了动态监测,结果表明:(1)1999-2008年间,流域耕地面积逐步扩大,从167.17万hm2增长到207.51万hm2。其中,塔里木河干流区耕地面积增加最快,叶尔羌河、开都河-孔雀河与和田河三流域稳步增加,而阿克苏河流域耕地面积先增加,后减少。除阿克苏河流域外,塔里木河流域等其他三流域和塔里木河干流,在2004-2008年间的面积增长速度明显大于1999-2002年和2002-2004年两个时段。(2)2002-2004年间,塔里木河干流绿色走廊带生态环境明显改善,主要表现为植被覆盖度的提高、沙质荒漠化土地面积的减小和强度减弱、盐碱质荒漠化土地的强度减弱等。耕地面积的大幅度增加引起的灌溉用水量的增大,对长期采用输水实现塔里木河的生态功能恢复具有长期性制约作用。

关键词: 塔里木河流域, 生态要素, 综合治理, 遥感, 耕地变化

Abstract:

The Tarim River Basin, especially the downstream area of it is one of the ecologically fragile areasin China. Based on technologies of multi-type, multi-temporal remote sensing imagery, key ecological elements, that is, cultivated land changes in whole Tarim River Basin, the vegetation, sandy and salinized desertification in the green corridor zone of Tarim River mainstream were monitored from 1999 to 2008, after the implementation of comprehensive harnessing engineering for the whole Tarim River Basin. The investigation results show that the ecological environment in the green corridor zone of Tarim mainstream was conspicuously improved, mainly appearing as the rise of vegetation cover rate, the reduction of sandy desertification land area and the weakening of intensity of sandy and salinized land. On the other hand, the cultivated area in the Tarim River Basin significantly increased from 1999 to 2008, which reached 40.34×104 hm2, for 24.13%. Among the whole basin, the cultivated area of the mainstream area increased most quickly. The growth rate of cultivated area of whole basin from 2004 to 2008 is significantly higher than those of the two periods from 1999 to 2002 and from 2002 to 2004. Moreover, the characteristics of sandy and salinized land in upstream of the main channel showed an increase in area of 2.69×104 hm2 and a reduction in increase rate from 2002 to 2004. And sandy desertification land area decreased 1.20×104 hm2 in the same period in lower reach of the basin. Vegetation cover rate of the whole basin apparently increased, especially the surrounding area of the Taitema Lake.Although the ecological environment presented an somewhat improvement after the implementation of comprehensive harnessing in the whole basin, the ecologically fragile environment need long-term supply of water resource and continuous concern from the whole society. The increase of irrigation water resulting from the substantial increase of cultivated area could undertake a long-term potential restraining effect on the harnessing of ecological functions of the Tarim River.

Key words: comprehensive harnessing, remote sensing, Tarim River Basin, cultivated land changes, ecological elements