三江源地区“三区空间”时空演化及驱动机制分析（1992―2020年）

doi:10.12082/dqxxkx.2022.220157

Abstract

Abstract:

The Three-River Headwaters region is an important national ecological security barrier and ecological civilization demonstration area. It is of great significance to quantify the evolution characteristics and driving mechanism of spatial patterns of the ecological space, agricultural space, and urban space in this area. Firstly, the change characteristics of every single land use type from 1992 to 2020 were analyzed. Secondly, combining with land classification and quantitative evaluation, the agriculture and animal husbandry space was identified, and the " three-function space " was further defined and its evolution characteristics were analyzed. Finally, the geodetector was used to analyze the driving mechanism behind the changes. The results show that: (1) The urban space growth rate in the Three-River Headwaters region was 774.56%. The decrease of ecological space and agricultural space was very small, but the dynamic transformation was obvious. The turning point of ecological space and agricultural space changes is 2005 and 2015, with a u-shaped trend and an inverted U-shaped trend, respectively; (2) There are four types of cross-transformation in the study area. The area of ecological space converted to agricultural space is 1154.1km², and most of the transformation occurred in the dominant climate change zone, with a large amount but a slow rate. The area of agricultural space to ecological space is 1140.8km², which is mainly distributed in areas with climate and human activities, and the transformation speed is obviously faster. The total amount of agricultural space and ecological space converted into urban space is 41.0 km² and 12.3 km², respectively, mostly distributed in central cities and towns. The transformation rate shows a trend of "slow growth, faster growth, and slower growth" in three stages; (3) The basic geographical condition is the primary driving force of the evolution of " three-function space ", which restricts the location and direction of the cross transformation. Social and economic factors are the key driving forces of evolution and have a significant impact on the scale and speed of cross transformation. After 2005, ecological protection policies began to play an important role, especially in the process of "ecology-agriculture" cross transformation. This study provides a new idea for the downscaling of the main function of animal husbandry areas and the control of territorial space usage, which can be applied to the decision-making of ecological environment protection and the formulation of territorial space planning at all levels in the Three-River Headwaters region.

Key words: Three-River Headwaters region, spatial pattern, evolution characteristics, driving mechanism, land use, agriculture and animal husbandry space, three-function space, geodetector

ZHANG Ke, WEI Wei, ZHOU Jie, YIN Li, XIA Junnan. Spatial-temporal Evolution Characteristics and Mechanism of “Three-Function Space” in the Three-Rivers Headwaters' Region from 1992 to 2020[J].Journal of Geo-information Science, 2022, 24(9): 1755-1770.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2022.220157

Figures/Tables 17

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Tab. 3

Tab. 4

Fig. 2

Tab. 5

Tab. 6

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Tab. 7

Tab. 8

Tab. 9

Tab. 10

Tab. 11

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

References 36

[1]	Xie H L, Chen Q R. Land use and ecological civilization: A collection of empirical studies[J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2021, 12(2):137-142,302. DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2021.02.001 doi: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2021.02.001
[2]	中华人民共和国中央人民政府. 中共中央国务院关于加快推进生态文明建设的意见[EB/OL].
[3]	中华人民共和国中央人民政府. 中共中央国务院印发《生态文明体制改革总体方案》[EB/OL].
[4]	王颖, 刘学良, 魏旭红, 等. 区域空间规划的方法和实践初探——从“三生空间”到“三区三线”[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2018(4):65-74.
	[ Wang Y, Liu X L, Wei X H, et al. The method and practice of regional spatial planning from “three basic spaces” to “three-zones and three-lines”[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2018(4):65-74. ] DOI: 10.16361/j.upf.201804008 doi: 10.16361/j.upf.201804008
[5]	周侃, 樊杰, 盛科荣. 国土空间管控的方法与途径[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(10):2527-2540. doi: 10.11821/dlyj020190308
	[ Zhou K, Fan J, Sheng K R. Research on methods and approaches of spatial governances[J]. Geographical Research, 2019, 38(10):2527-2540 ] DOI: 10.11821/dlyj020190308 doi: 10.11821/dlyj020190308
[6]	岳文泽, 王田雨, 甄延临. “三区三线”为核心的统一国土空间用途管制分区[J]. 中国土地科学, 2020, 34(5):52-59,68.
	[ Yue W Z, Wang T Y, Zhen Y L. Unified zoning of territorial space use control derived from the core concept of “three types of spatial zones and alert-lines”[J]. China Land Science, 2020, 34(5):52-59,68. ] DOI: 10.11994/zgtdkx.20200514.124527 doi: 10.11994/zgtdkx.20200514.124527
[7]	魏伟, 张轲, 周婕. 三江源地区人地关系研究综述及展望:基于“人、事、时、空”视角[J]. 地球科学进展, 2020, 35(1):26-37. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2020.010
	[ Wei W, Zhang K, Zhou J. Review and prospect of human-land relationship in three river headwaters region: Based on the perspective of people, events, time and space[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2020, 35(1):26-37. ] doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2020.010
[8]	张镱锂, 刘林山, 王兆锋, 等. 青藏高原土地利用与覆被变化的时空特征[J]. 科学通报, 2019, 64(27):2865-2875.
	[ Zhang Y L, Liu L S, Wang Z F, et al. Spatial and temporal characteristics of land use and cover changes in the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2019, 64(27):2865-2875. ]
[9]	陈琼, 张镱锂, 刘峰贵, 等. 黄河流域河源区土地利用变化及其影响研究综述[J]. 资源科学, 2020, 42(3):446-459. doi: 10.18402/resci.2020.03.04
	[ Chen Q, Zhang Y L, Liu F G, et al. A review of land use change and its influence in the source region of the Yellow River[J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(3):446-459. ] DOI: 10.18402/resci.2020.03.04 doi: 10.18402/resci.2020.03.04
[10]	Yang J B, Wang Y C, Guo L, et al. Patterns and structures of land use change in the three rivers headwaters region of China[J]. PLoS One, 2015, 10(3):e119121. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119121 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119121
[11]	刘璐璐, 曹巍, 邵全琴. 近30年来长江源区与黄河源区土地覆被及其变化对比分析[J]. 地理科学, 2017, 37(2):311-320. doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2017.02.018
	[ Liu L L, Cao W, Shao Q Q. Different characteristics of land cover changes in source region of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River in the past 30 years[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2017, 37(2):311-320. ] DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2017.02.018 doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2017.02.018
[12]	肖建设, 乔斌, 陈国茜, 等. 黄河源区玛多县土地利用和生态系统服务价值的演变[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(2):510-521.
	[ Xiao J S, Qiao B, Chen G Q, et al. Land use change and evolution of ecosystem service value in Maduo County of source region of the Yellow River[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2020, 40(2):510-521. ] DOI: 10.5846/stxb201902250346 doi: 10.5846/stxb201902250346
[13]	刘纪远, 徐新良, 邵全琴. 近30年来青海三江源地区草地退化的时空特征[J]. 地理学报, 2008, 63(4):364-376.
	[ Liu J Y, Xu X L, Shao Q Q. The spatial and temporal characteristics of grassland degradation in the three-river headwaters region in Qinghai Province[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2008, 63(4):364-376. ] DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:0375-5444.2008.04.006 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0375-5444.2008.04.006
[14]	许茜, 李奇, 陈懂懂, 等. 近40 a三江源地区土地利用变化动态分析及预测[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(3):695-704.
	[ Xu Q, Li Q, Chen D D, et al. Land use change in the three-river headwaters in recent 40 years[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2018, 35(3):695-704. ] DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2018.03.24 doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2018.03.24
[15]	郝爱华, 薛娴, 彭飞, 等. 青藏高原典型草地植被退化与土壤退化研究[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(3):964-975.
	[ Hao A H, Xue X, Peng F, et al. Different vegetation and soil degradation characteristics of a typical grassland in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2020, 40(3):964-975. ] DOI: 10.5846/stxb201809162019 doi: 10.5846/stxb201809162019
[16]	王根绪, 郭晓寅, 程国栋. 黄河源区景观格局与生态功能的动态变化[J]. 生态学报, 2002, 22(10):1587-1598.
	[ Wang G X, Guo X Y, Cheng G D. Dynamic variations of landscape pattern and the landscape ecological functions in the source area of the Yellow River[J] Acta Ecologica Sinica., 2002, 22(10):1587-1598. ] DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2002.10.003 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2002.10.003
[17]	曾瑜皙, 钟林生, 虞虎. 气候变化背景下青海省三江源地区游憩功能格局演变[J]. 生态学报, 2021, 41(3):886-900.
	[ Zeng Y X, Zhong L S, Yu H. Spatial and temporal evolution of recreational function in the Sanjiangyuan region of Qinghai Province under climate change[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2021, 41(3):886-900. ] DOI: 10.5846/stxb202005171259 doi: 10.5846/stxb202005171259
[18]	魏伟, 缪江波, 夏俊楠, 等. 湖北省长江经济带沿岸地区“三区空间”演化特征及机制分析(2010—2017)[J]. 经济地理, 2020, 40(2):132-142.
	[ Wei W, Miao J B, Xia J N, et al. Spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and mechanism of “three-zone space” along the Yangtze River economic belt in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2017[J]. Economic Geography, 2020, 40(2):132-142. ] DOI: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2020.02.015 doi: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2020.02.015
[19]	魏伟, 尹力, 谢波, 等. 国土空间规划背景下黄河流域“三区空间”演化特征及机制[J]. 经济地理, 2022, 42(3):44-55,86.
	[ Wei W, Yin L, Xie B, et al. Spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and mechanism of “three-function space” in the Yellow River Basin under the background of territorial spatial planning[J]. Economic Geography, 2022, 42(3):44-55,86. ] DOI: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2022.03.005 doi: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2022.03.005
[20]	李元春, 葛静, 侯蒙京, 等. 基于CCI-LC数据的甘南和川西北地区土地覆盖类型时空动态分布及草地面积变化驱动力研究[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(3):1-15.
	[ Li Y C, Ge J, Hou M J, et al. A study of the spatiotemporal dynamic of land cover types and the driving forces of grassland area change in Gannan Prefecture and Northwest Sichuan based on CCI-LC date[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(3):1-15. ] DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2019263 doi: 10.11686/cyxb2019263
[21]	岳文泽, 韦静娴, 陈阳. 国土空间开发适宜性评价的反思[J]. 中国土地科学, 2021, 35(10):1-10.
	[ Yue W Z, Wei J X, Chen Y. Rethinking suitability evaluation of territorial space development[J]. China Land Science, 2021, 35(10):1-10. ] DOI: 10.11994/zgtdkx.20210927.162439 doi: 10.11994/zgtdkx.20210927.162439
[22]	Ren J Z, Hu Z Z, Zhao J, et al. A grassland classification system and its application in China[J]. Rangeland Journal, 2008, 30(2):199. DOI: 10.1071/rj08002 doi: 10.1071/rj08002
[23]	王劲峰, 徐成东. 地理探测器:原理与展望[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(1):116-134. doi: 10.11821/dlxb201701010
	[ Wang J F, Xu C D. Geodetector: principle and prospective[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(1):116-134. ] DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201701010 doi: 10.11821/dlxb201701010
[24]	邵全琴, 樊江文, 刘纪远, 等. 基于目标的三江源生态保护和建设一期工程生态成效评估及政策建议[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2017, 32(1):35-44.
	[ Shao Q Q, Fan J W, Liu J Y, et al. Target-based assessment on effects of first-stage ecological conservation and restoration project in three-river source region, China and policy recommendations[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2017, 32(1):35-44. ] DOI: 10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2017.01.005 doi: 10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2017.01.005
[25]	马晓芳, 黄晓东, 邓婕, 等. 青海牧区雪灾综合风险评估[J]. 草业学报, 2017, 26(2):10-20.
	[ Ma X F, Huang X D, Deng J, et al. Comprehensive risk assessment of snow disasters in Qinghai Province[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(2):10-20. ] DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2016108 doi: 10.11686/cyxb2016108
[26]	钟水映, 冯英杰. 生态移民工程与生态系统可持续发展的系统动力学研究——以三江源地区生态移民为例[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2018, 28(11):10-19.
	[ Zhong S Y, Feng Y J. Research on the system dynamics of ecological migration engineering and ecosystem sustainable development: For example of Three-river-source region ecological migration[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2018, 28(11):10-19. ] DOI: 10.12062/cpre.20180516 doi: 10.12062/cpre.20180516
[27]	王向涛, 陈懂懂. 三江源草地GNDVI年际波动及其沿海拔梯度敏感性分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2018, 27(8):1411-1416.
	[ Wang X T, Chen D D. Interannual variability of GNDVI and it's relationship with altitudinal in the three-river headwater region[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2018, 27(8):1411-1416. ] DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2018.08.004 doi: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2018.08.004
[28]	丁成翔, 杨晓霞, 董全民. 青藏高原高寒草原放牧方式对植被、土壤及微生物群落的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2020, 28(1):159-169.
	[ Ding C X, Yang X X, Dong Q M. Effects of grazing patterns on vegetation, soil and microbial community in alpine grassland of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2020, 28(1):159-169. ] DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2020.01.018 doi: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2020.01.018
[29]	宋瑞玲, 王昊, 张迪, 等. 基于MODIS-EVI评估三江源高寒草地的保护成效[J]. 生物多样性, 2018, 26(2):149-157. doi: 10.17520/biods.2017196
	[ Song R L, Wang H, Zhang D, et al. Conservation outcomes assessment of Sanjiangyuan alpine grassland with MODIS-EVI approach[J]. Biodiversity Science, 2018, 26(2):149-157. ] DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017196 doi: 10.17520/biods.2017196
[30]	徐新良, 王靓, 李静, 等. 三江源生态工程实施以来草地恢复态势及现状分析[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2017, 19(1):50-58. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2017.00050
	[ Xu X L, Wang L, Li J, et al. Analysis of the grassland restoration trend and degradation situation in the “Three-River Headwaters” region since the implementation of the ecological project[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2017, 19(1):50-58. ] DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2017.00050 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2017.00050
[31]	李世铭, 张再生, 陈坤峰. 情感纽带作用下社区参与生态保护的集体行动——基于三江源国家公园样本的实证研究[J]. 青海民族研究, 2020, 31(4):186-195.
	[ Li S M, Zhang Z S, Chen K F. The community participates in the collective action of ecological protection under the action of emotional bond—An empirical study based on the sample from three-river-source National Park[J]. Qinghai Journal of Ethnology, 2020, 31(4):186-195. ] DOI: 10.15899/j.cnki.1005-5681.2020.04.030 doi: 10.15899/j.cnki.1005-5681.2020.04.030
[32]	秦大河. 三江源区生态保护与可持续发展[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2014.
	[ Qin D H. Ecological protection and sustainable development in Sanjiangyuan region[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2014. ]
[33]	杜发春. 三江源生态移民研究[M]. 北京: 中国社会科学出版社, 2014.
	[ Du F C. Ecologic resettlement in the Sanjiangyuan of Qinghai[M]. Beijing: China Social Sciences Press, 2014. ]
[34]	才吉卓玛. 青海果洛州藏传佛教寺院与传统生态观[J]. 法音, 2015(4):24-27.
	[ Cai J Z M. Tibetan buddhist monasteries and traditional ecological views in Guoluo Prefecture, Qinghai Province[J]. The Voice of Dharma, 2015(4):24-27. ] DOI: 10.16805/j.cnki.11-1671/b.2015.04.006 doi: 10.16805/j.cnki.11-1671/b.2015.04.006
[35]	钱慧, 裴新生, 秦军, 等. 系统思维下国土空间规划中的农业空间规划研究[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2021(3):74-81.
	[ Qian H, Pei X S, Qin J et al. The planning of rural spaces in territorial spatial planning with systematic thinking[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2021(3):74-81. ] DOI: 10.16361/j.upf.202103011 doi: 10.16361/j.upf.202103011
[36]	杨俊岭, 李建成. 青海省测绘地理信息局,武汉大学主编. 三江源头科学考察地图集[M]. 北京: 中国地图出版社, 2015.
	[ Yang J L, Li J C. Qinghai Bureau of Surveying, Mapping and geographic information, Wuhan University. Three-River Source scientific survey atlas[M]. Beijing: Sino Maps Press, 2015. ]

数据分类	数据名称	来源
土地利用基础数据	欧空局（1992—2020）全球土地覆盖数据集	http://maps.elie.ucl.ac.be/CCI
土地利用基础数据	全国1：100万基础地理信息数据（2017）	https://www.ngcc.cn/
农牧空间适宜性评价数据	中国气候区划数据集（1978）	https://www.resdc.cn/
农牧空间适宜性评价数据	90m分辨率的中国数字高程模型DEM数据（2003）	https://www.gscloud.cn/
驱动机制分析数据	1：100万中国植被图集（2019）	http://data.tpdc.ac.cn （侯学煜. 1：100万中国植被图. 国家青藏高原科学数据中心,2019）
	中国雪深长时间序列数据集（1979—2020）	http://data.tpdc.ac.cn (车涛, 戴礼云. 中国雪深长时间序列数据集（1979-2020）. 国家青藏高原科学数据中心,2015)
	《青海省主体功能区规划》（2014）	http://www.gov.cn
	自然地理数据	Arcgis处理的DEM数据
	各年度社会经济数据	中国县域统计年鉴（2000—2019）、中国县城建设统计年鉴（2015）、各州统计年鉴及州、县统计局

空间类型	土地类型	原类型
农业空间	耕地	农田;以农田为主的农林牧交错区
农业空间	草地（农牧）	草地;以草本植物为主的林灌草交错带;灌丛;地衣和苔藓;稀疏植被（树灌草）;稀疏草原;灌丛或草本植被覆盖的湿地
生态空间	草地（生态）	同上
	林地	林地;自然植被和农作物交错带;阔叶林;针叶林;阔叶针叶混交林;林草混交带
	未利用土地	未利用土地
	水体	水体;永久冰雪
城镇空间	城镇	城区

影响因子维度	自变量名称	计算方法
地理	地形起伏度X1	ArcGIS栅格统计
	坡度X2	ArcGIS栅格统计
	雪深X3	ArcGIS栅格统计
	到县城驻地的平均距离X4	ArcGIS欧式距离分析
	到铁路的平均距离X5	ArcGIS欧式距离分析
	到公路的平均距离X6	ArcGIS欧式距离分析
社会	人口数量X7	统计年鉴获取
社会	城镇化率X8	城镇户籍人口/总户籍人口
经济	地方一般预算收入X9	统计年鉴获取
	地方一般预算支出X10	统计年鉴获取
	居民储蓄X11	统计年鉴获取
	一产产值X12	统计年鉴获取
	文化旅游收入X13	统计年鉴获取
政策	禁牧补贴X14	统计年鉴获取
政策	保护区面积X15	ArcGIS矢量统计
文化	寺庙数量X16	统计年鉴获取

	面积/km²							1992—2020年用地变化量/km²	1992—2020年用地变化幅度/%
	1992年	1995年	2000年	2005年	2010年	2015年	2020年	1992—2020年用地变化量/km²	1992—2020年用地变化幅度/%
耕地	20 113.25	20 113.83	20 744.00	21 022.98	21 076.95	21 010.66	20 797.96	684.71	3.40
林地	13 734.33	13 703.39	13 845.41	13 520.39	13 511.89	13 479.23	13 362.99	-371.34	-2.70
草地	304 848.90	304 883.85	303 786.44	303 525.13	303 393.71	303 503.26	301 133.46	-3715.43	-1.22
城镇	6.88	6.88	8.21	16.52	27.32	46.99	60.17	53.29	775.00
未利用土地	8767.05	8773.93	9299.90	9474.21	9409.83	9281.85	11 933.97	3166.92	36.12
水体	9785.76	9774.30	9572.20	9696.94	9836.48	9934.18	9967.61	181.85	1.86
合计	357 256.17	357 256.17	357 256.17	357 256.17	357 256.17	357 256.17	357 256.17	—	—

空间类型	总量/km²	占比/%	各类构成要素占比
生态空间	221 294.39	61.94	草地（生态）84%,林地6%,水体5%,未利用土地5%
农业空间	135 901.61	38.04	耕地15%,草地（农牧）85%
城镇空间	60.17	0.02	禁建区占15%,限建区占85%

Spatial-temporal Evolution Characteristics and Mechanism of “Three-Function Space” in the Three-Rivers Headwaters' Region from 1992 to 2020

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 17

References 36

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

转换类型	1992―2005年			2005―2015年			2015―2020年			1992―2020年
转换类型	转换面积 /km²	年均变化率/%	占同期转换总面积比例/%	转换面积 /km²	年均变化率/%	占同期转换总面积比例/%	转换面积 /km²	年均变化率/%	占同期转换总面积比例	转换面积/km²	占同期转换总面积比例/%
生态→农业	944.5	6.3	65.9	132.0	1.1	42.9	77.7	1.3	12.8	1154.1	49.1
农业→生态	478.9	3.2	33.4	145.5	1.3	47.3	516.4	9.1	85.0	1140.8	48.6
农业→城镇	7.0	1.3	0.5	23.9	5.8	7.8	10.1	4.9	1.7	41.0	1.7
生态→城镇	2.7	1.7	0.2	6.6	5.3	2.1	3.1	1.5	0.5	12.3	0.5
合计	1433.0	4.7	100.0	308.0	1.3	100.0	607.3	5.2	100.0	2348.2	100.0

	X1			X2			X3			X4			X5			X6
	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3
Y1	0.22	0.40^***	0.22	0.14	0.41^***	0.12	0.16^***	0.35^***	0.18	0.06	0.09	0.14	0.21^***	0.78^***	0.50^***	0.34^***	0.19^***	0.27
Y2	0.32^**	0.33^***	0.13	0.30^***	0.20^***	0.11	0.26^**	0.19^**	0.14^**	0.09	0.07	0.17^**	0.88^***	0.60^***	0.15^**	0.29^***	0.09	0.32^***
Y3	0.28^**	0.31^***	0.23^**	0.22^***	0.16^***	0.13^**	0.17^**	0.14^**	0.11	0.90^***	0.32^**	0.77^***	0.24^***	0.57^***	0.25^***	0.25^***	0.19^**	0.39^***
Y4	0.43^***	0.25^**	0.29^***	0.32^***	0.11	0.18^**	0.26^***	0.10	0.17^***	0.09	0.55^***	0.62^***	0.87^***	0.41^***	0.36^***	0.13^**	0.39^***	0.29^***

	X7			X8
	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3
Y1	0.24^***	0.65^***	0.41^***	0.26^***	0.05	0.15
Y2	0.43^***	0.67^***	0.26^***	0.51^***	0.08	0.31
Y3	0.16^**	0.87^***	0.80^***	0.19^***	0.50^***	0.48^***
Y4	0.45^***	0.86^***	0.66^***	0.54^***	0.67^***	0.65^***

	X9			X10			X11			X12			X13
	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3
Y1	0.38^***	0.39^***	0.24	0.01	0.32^***	0.51^***	0.01	0.95^***	0.31	0.38^***	0.71^***	0.15	—	—	0.58^***
Y2	0.83^***	0.34^***	0.17^**	0.85^***	0.42^***	0.24	0.86^***	0.78^***	0.16	0.64^***	0.80^***	0.10	—	—	0.32^***
Y3	0.52^***	0.42^***	0.76^***	0.67^***	0.30^***	0.21^***	0.71^***	0.39^***	0.36^***	0.08	0.79^***	0.22^***	—	—	0.39^***
Y4	0.75^***	0.58^***	0.55^***	0.75^***	0.21	0.15^**	0.79^***	0.25^***	0.27^***	0.73^***	0.76^***	0.17^***	—	—	0.52^***

[1]	LIN Xuanxin, XIAO Guirong, ZHOU Houbo. Landslide Susceptibility Assessment Method Considering Land Use Dynamic Change [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2023, 25(5): 953-966.
[2]	LIU Yaoming, LI Wanjing, ZHANG Xiuyuan, ZHANG Yuheng, LI Ran, ZHOU Qi. Evaluating Rural Access Index across China with Multi-source Open Data [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2023, 25(4): 783-793.
[3]	YIN Wenping, ZHANG Xin, XIE Fei, FAN Hui, CHEN Fei. Spatiotemporal Evolution and the Influence Mechanism of Public Opinion on the Occurrence of Northward Migration of Wild Elephants [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2023, 25(4): 794-808.
[4]	WAN Jiangqin, FEI Teng. "Production-Living-Ecological Spaces" Recognition Methods based on Street View Images [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2023, 25(4): 838-851.
[5]	YU Qinping, WU Zhenhua, WANG Yabei. A Land Use Change Simulation Model: Coupling of Evolutionary Algorithm and FLUS Model [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2023, 25(3): 510-528.
[6]	XIA Junnan, WEI Wei, YIN Li, HONG Mengyao, BO Liming. Evaluation Method of Morphological Efficiency for "Three Functional Spaces" based on Quadtree Algorithm [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2023, 25(3): 450-467.
[7]	WU Yanan, GUO Chang'en, YU Dongping, DUAN Aimin, Liu Yu, DONG Shiwei, SHAN Dongfang, WU Naiming, LI Xican. Spatial Stratification and Evaluation Method of Remote Sensing Classification based on Uncertainty Analysis [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2022, 24(9): 1803-1816.
[8]	HOU Yue, XU Chengdong, LIU Wei, YIN Qian. Prediction of Nitrogen Emission in the Upper Reaches of the Huai River Basin Under Climate Change Scenarios [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2022, 24(8): 1558-1574.
[9]	YIN Wenping, GAO Chen, FAN Hui, XIE Fei, ZHANG Xin. A Novel Method for Fine-Grained Geolocation of Wildlife Activities by Integrating Geographical Information and Land Use/Cover in Texts [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2022, 24(7): 1363-1374.
[10]	QIN Qi, CHENG Shengkui, CHEN Xiaopeng, ZHOU Qiang. A Measurement of Cultural Affinity between Countries and Division of Global Cultural Circle based on the Hofstede Database [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2022, 24(6): 1139-1149.
[11]	GENG Jiachen, SHEN Shi, CHENG Changxiu. Spatio-temporal Evolution and the Multi-scale Socio-economic Influencing Mechanism of PM_2.5 in the Yellow River Basin during the China's 13^th Five-Year Plan [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2022, 24(6): 1163-1175.
[12]	ZHANG Yongkai, YANG Chunyue, ZHANG Wanjun, BI Xiaomei. Analysis on the Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Population Life Expectancy and Influencing Factors in the Yellow River Basin [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2022, 24(5): 902-913.
[13]	HUANG Jie, SHI Wenqian, CHEN Yu. Accessibility of Beijing Dual Hub Airports from the Perspective of Residential Travel [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2022, 24(5): 914-924.
[14]	HUANG Qin, YANG Bo, XU Xinchuang, HAO Hanzhou, LIANG Lili, WANG Min. Location Selection and Prediction of SexyTea Store in Changsha City based on Multi-source Spatial Data and Random Forest Model [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2022, 24(4): 723-737.
[15]	SHU Mi, DU Shihong. Forty Years' Progress and Challenges of Remote Sensing in National Land Survey [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2022, 24(4): 597-616.