关键词: 新型智慧城市, 城市基础设施, 分类编码, 多粒度时空对象, 对象化建模, 时空数据模型, 设施管理, 管理架构

Abstract:

The construction of new smart cities has been proposed as an important strategic goal in the 14^th Five Year Plan of China. Information management of urban facilities lays a solid foundation for the construction of new smart cities, which relies on the standard, uniform, and detailed modeling and management of such facilities. Current solutions for urban facility modeling are mainly based on three models, i.e., spatial data model using maps as templates, traditional object-oriented spatial data model, and real-time GIS data model. However, limited by the traditional visualization approaches of computers, it is hard for spatial data model using maps as templates to describe and express the hierarchical structure, behavioral interaction, and other necessary information of urban facilities with the data organization method of “geometry & attributes”; traditional object-oriented spatial data model can be used to describe the geometry, attributes, and relationships of urban facilities, but the hierarchical structure and behavioral interaction are still not considered in this model; the object state of real-time GIS data model mainly records traditional spatial and thematic attributes of urban facilities, while lacking the description of the composition structure and behavioral capabilities of temporal and spatial objects. Therefore, all the three models are unable to support the comprehensive and microscopical expression of facility objects. Current related research of urban facility management can be seen mainly in the domains of computer, Internet of Things (IoT) or Geographic Information System (GIS). Research in the domains of computer and IoT mainly focuses on the management of the data generated by urban facilities, ignoring the management of the facilities' own information; real-time GIS in the domain of GIS realizes the management of the information of facility spatiotemporal entities by managing facility data instead of facilities themselves. For example, it expresses taxis and cameras with the real-time data stream of them. Therefore, it still cannot support the management of the facilities' own information. To solve the problems above, firstly the classification and coding of urban facilities was completed by extending the GBT30428.2-2013 standard; then an urban facility object description model based on the Multi-granularity Spatiotemporal Object Data Model (MGSTODM) was proposed, which supports comprehensive description and expression of urban facilities' information; furthermore, an urban facilities management method was proposed, with the design of the corresponding technical architecture and the implementation of the prototype system for the mega level urban facilities management based on cloud storage afterwards. Finally, the proposed object description model and management method of urban infrastructure was proved to be feasible, effective, and efficient.

Key words: new smart city, urban facility, classification and coding, multi-granularity spatiotemporal object, object-oriented modeling, spatiotemporal data model, facility management, management framework