基于空间场-水文模型的城市影响腹地界定及其空间演变分析——以河南省地级城市为例
作者简介:潘竟虎(1974-),男,甘肃嘉峪关人,博士,副教授,研究方向为空间经济分析。E-mail:panjh_nwnu@nwnu.edu.cn
收稿日期: 2013-11-07
要求修回日期: 2013-11-29
网络出版日期: 2014-09-04
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41061017、41361040)
西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升计划项目(SKQNYB12021)
Delimitation and Evolvement of Urban Hinterland Area in Henan Province Based on Spatial Field and Hydrologic Model
Received date: 2013-11-07
Request revised date: 2013-11-29
Online published: 2014-09-04
Copyright
城市影响腹地范围的划分,在区域与城市规划中有着重要的理论和实际意义。本文从“城市结节性”和“空间交通可达性”两方面改进场强模型,采用主成分分析法与指标体系计算河南省城市结节性指数,利用累积耗费距离测算空间可达性,借助k阶数据场模型与水文分析模型,综合测度了1991年和2010年河南省17个地级城市的影响腹地范围及空间演变特征。研究表明,20年间河南省地级城市的平均可达本文时间从1991年的45.41 min缩短为2010年的33.03 min,空间场能显著增长且空间分异性显著。南阳的腹地面积增加最大,信阳的腹地面积缩小最大;安阳腹地面积增加率和漯河腹地面积减少率最大。郑州的腹地范围与其行政辖区偏移度最大。
潘竟虎 , 戴维丽 . 基于空间场-水文模型的城市影响腹地界定及其空间演变分析——以河南省地级城市为例[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2014 , 16(5) : 754 -761 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2014.00754
Regional development depends on central cities and their hinterlands which supply resources for the economic activities of cities. Therefore, a reasonable delimitation for hinterland and the analysis of its spatial pattern are needed not only to present an approach for studies on urban economic region, but also provide the basis for regional decision making. Due to the significant advantages of a clear understanding of the interrelationship between city and its hinterland, as well as between city and city, the study on urban hinterland is becoming a highlight in regional research. However, to date, there is not an efficient and credible methodological system and techniques to identify the urban hinterland area in China. This research investigates the potential of a computerized identification method supported by geographic information techniques to provide a better understanding of the distribution of urban hinterland. It improves the traditional field models from two aspects, which are “composite nodality index” and “regional accessibility”, in order to delineate urban hinterland area more reasonably. The principal components analysis method along with the indicators system were used to calculate urban nodality index. With the application of raster cost weighted distance method and k-order data fields, this paper attempts to comprehensively measure the regional accessibility and the spatial field of 17 cities at the prefecture level in Henan Province. Furthermore, this paper delimits the urban hinterlands in 1991 and 2010 by using the hydrologic analysis model. At last, the dynamic evolution characteristic of urban hinterland area was investigated in three perspectives: area levels, spatial morphology and spatial relationship between the urban hinterlands and the administrative districts. The results indicate that the accessibility condition keeps improving and the average accessibility is 45.41 min and 33.03 in 1991 and 2010 respectively, which is improved by 12.38 min. Spatial filed have been increasing significantly from 1991 to 2010, and the spatial difference of spatial field appears to be remarkable. The whole pattern of the urban hinterland area in Henan Province has not changed much. The hinterland in Nanyang City had the largest increase in its area, while the hinterland area of Xinyang City shrinks most. With regard to the change ratio of urban hinterland area, Anyang City has the largest increasing ratio, while Luohe City had the largest decreasing ratio. Zhengzhou City has the largest deviation rate between its urban hinterland area and its administrative area.
Tab.1 Velocity and cost of the cantonal land traffic network表1 主要交通方式的道路交通时速与时间成本 |
年份 | 道路等级 | 铁路 | 高速公路 | 国道 | 省道 | 县道 | 其他 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1991 | 速度(km/h) | 70 | 90 | 60 | 50 | 45 | 5 |
时间成本(min) | 0.86 | 0.67 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.33 | 12 | |
2010 | 速度(km/h) | 120 | 120 | 90 | 80 | 60 | 5 |
时间成本(min) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.67 | 0.75 | 1 | 12 |
Fig.1 Nodality index of cities for different grading in Henan Province图1 河南省城市的结节性指数分级 |
Fig.2 Accessibility distribution in different hour circles in Henan Province图2 河南省地级城市不同时间圈的可达性分布图 |
Fig.3 Spatial pattern of spatial field in Henan Province图3 河南省空间场能的分布格局 |
Fig.4 Map of urban hinterland area in Henan Province图4 河南省地级城市的腹地范围 |
Tab.2 Hierarchy of urban hinterland area表2 城市影响腹地范围面积(km2) |
城市 | 1991年 | 2010年 | 城市 | 1991年 | 2010年 | 城市 | 1991年 | 2010年 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
郑州 | 18271 | 18595 | 新乡 | 5095 | 5543 | 商丘 | 12081 | 11502 |
开封 | 4511 | 4584 | 焦作 | 2855 | 1973 | 周口 | 7646 | 7960 |
洛阳 | 20406 | 19674 | 濮阳 | 6559 | 4651 | 驻马店 | 8030 | 10371 |
平顶山 | 8896 | 7908 | 许昌 | 2700 | 4156 | 南阳 | 27392 | 31708 |
安阳 | 3547 | 5586 | 漯河 | 3673 | 2458 | 信阳 | 22982 | 20267 |
鹤壁 | 2212 | 1618 | 三门峡 | 8622 | 6976 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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