沟域经济是山区发展的新模式,对其空间结构进行研究,可以为山区经济的空间优化和人口、产业布局提供参考,具有理论价值和指导意义。门头沟区位处北京市的山区,其沟域经济发展具有典型性。对此,运用ArcGIS、SPSS软件,采用DEM数据的高程、长度和坡度要素,提取了门头沟区的代表性沟域。在解读门头沟区沟域经济空间结构内涵的基础上,运用空间数据分析方法,获得了沟域经济空间分异的基本特征。通过对沟域的空间概况进行分析,以村庄为单元,对沟域经济的发展现状进行了评价。研究发现,门头沟区沟域经济在空间上具有典型的分异特征,其18条代表性沟域呈现出"一个核心区,多个成长区;一条主轴,多个地方轴,若干节点"的空间结构。沟域经济的发展,在空间上整合了乡村地域空间、耦合了山区交通网络、集聚了乡村大量人口、带动了山区经济发展。这与其自身发展的复杂性、沟域经济发展的系统要素的复杂性及动力机制的综合性密切相关。
Valley economy is a new mode of mountainous development. By studying its spatial structure, we can interpret the spatial structure, find out spatial characteristics, and probe internal mechanism and development rules, which will make reference for mountain economies' space optimization, population and industrial distribution. This posses significance value theoretically and practically. Mentougou District is the pure mountains area of Beijing, the development of which is rather typical. Adopting DEM data, using ArcGIS, SPSS software, in this paper we comprehensively considered the factors of height, length and slope, and then extracted the representative valleys of Mentougou. On the base of interpreting the content of valley economy spatial structure in Mentougou, we obtained basic characteristics of spatial variation of valley economy by spatial data analysis. Through spatial structure analysis of village based valley economy and evaluation of current situation of valley economy, we discovered that"one core area, several growth areas, a spindle, several local axes and numbers of nodes"represent the typical spatial structure of Mentougou valley economy. The development mode of the typical valley economy has integrated rural spatial structure, gathered rural population, coupled mountain transportation network, eventually promoted economic development in mountainous areas. In all, development of valley economy in Mentougou showed the characteristics of spatial concentration, which played a role in gathering population, resources and industry, and promoted mountain farmers to get rich. In future, valley economy has a trend of centrality so we need make scientific planning, and doing works for the further optimization. The results of this study, initially revealed basic situation of the spatial structure of valley economy development in Mentougou, can provide reference for valley economy planning and its spatial structure optimization. The formation of spatial structure of valley economy development in Mentougou is closely related to the complexity of their own development, the complexity of the system elements and the integrity of the driving mechanism.
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