针对现有旅游流研究所面临的数据来源多样复杂、理论及模型分布分散、过程特征解析及重建复杂,以及表达困难等问题,以ArcGIS Engine为开发平台,从时空特征分析入手,构建适用于旅游流表达与分析的多源时空数据组织与存储体系,实现多源研究数据的整合与集成。同时设计了旅游流时空分析的模型集成框架,集成典型分析模型,实现了旅游流时空特征、过程,以及相互作用分析与可视化表达。另构建可反映旅游流研究思路与流程的旅游流时空特征解析与表达系统,并以江苏省13个地级市的旅游流为例进行实证分析。结果显示:本文所构建的系统可揭示旅游流及其相关要素的时空演化特征与相互作用关系,并能实现旅游流时空特征与过程解析结果的可视化表达。
Space-time distribution, evolution regularity and interaction between tourist flow and related factors are basic and prerequisite to make good tourism decision. There are many difficult problems in current tourist flow research, the variety and complexity of data sources, the dispersion of theories and models, the difficulty and complexity in analysis, rebuilding and express of process characteristics and so on. In this paper, model integration framework for space-time characteristics analysis is constructed in terms of the sorting results on kinds of existing spatio-temporal characteristics, process, and interaction models. With ArcGIS Engine as a basis platform, we build the GIS prototype system supporting space-time characteristics analysis and representation. Based on the unified storage and management of multiple data, the system built a unified data structure, many data interfaces and one kind of data analysis process, which support spatio-temporal characteristics analysis and visual display; based on the model integration framework in the paper, integrated these representative analysis models, realize the analysis of spatio-temporal characteristics, process, and interactions between; in the end, gave a deep analysis and good express for spatio-temporal characteristics and processes. Case studies suggest our system can: ①reveal the different phases and cyclical patterns of flow evolution and indicate the temporal and spatial pattern, variation, concentration and proliferation; ② show the spatial patterns and process of tourist flow and its relevant elements, the time and space clustering characteristics of tourist flow evolution; ③ display the space-time configuration and spatial interaction between tourist flows and the related elements and comprehensive evaluation on structure and process of spatial interactions; and ④ provide visualization of spatial-temporal characteristics and process. Our work can provide efficient tools and methods for tourist flow researches.
[1] 唐顺铁,郭来喜. 旅游流体系研究[J]. 旅游学刊,1998(3):38-41.
[2] Pearce D. Tourist Development[M].Longman,1989.
[3] 保继刚,楚义芳,彭华. 旅游地理学[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社,1993,4-6.
[4] 唐顺铁,郭来喜. 旅游流体系研究[J]. 旅游学刊,1998(3):38-41.
[5] 周春林,梁中,袁丁等. 旅游管理信息系统[M]. 北京:科学出版社. 2006.
[6] 朱立巍,郑耀星. 基于GIS的旅游流系统设计研究初步[J]. 西安文理学院学报:自然科学版,2006,9(4):95-98.
[7] 王鹏,戴学军. GIS的中国旅游流信息系统的建模方法研究[J]. 衡阳师范学院学报:自然科学版,2001,22(6):91-93.
[8] 陈颖彪,钟耳顺,千庆兰. 基于ComGIS旅游专家信息系统的研制-以北京市昌平区为例[J]. 地球信息科学,2002,4(3):79-84.
[9] 侯春良,郭得峰,张义文. 基于GIS的秦皇岛市旅游信息系统(QTIS)设计研究[J]. 区域经济,2007,338-339.
[10] 崔越. 旅游资源信息系统开发架构研究[J]. 计算机工程与应用,2002,(15):211-213.
[11] 李君轶,马耀峰. 基于GIS的区域旅游规划与管理信息系统设计[J]. 陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2002,30(2):115-120.
[12] 张捷,都金康,周寅康,等.观光旅游地客流时间分布特性的比较研究——以九寨沟、黄山及福建永安桃源洞鳞隐石林国家风景名胜区为例[J].地理科学,1999,19(1):49-54.
[13] 卢松,陆林,王莉,等.古村落旅游客流时间分布特征及其影响因素研究——以世界文化遗产西递、宏村为例[J].地理科学,2004,24(2):250-256.
[14] 钟静,张捷,李东和,等.历史文化村镇旅游流季节性特征比较研究——以西递、周庄为例[J].人文地理,2007(4):68-71.
[15] 保继刚,郑海燕,戴光全.桂林国内客源市场的空间结构演变[J].地理学报,2002,57(1):96-106.
[16] 丁正山.南京国内旅游流时空演变研究[J].旅游学刊,2004,19(2):37-40.
[17] 徐建华,岳文泽.近20年来中国人口中心与经济重心的演变及其对比分析[J].地理科学,2001,21(5):385-389.
[18] 王子新,王玉成,邢慧斌. 旅游影响研究进展[J]. 旅游学刊. 2005,20(2):90-95.
[19] 王成璋,张效莉,何伦志. 人口、经济发展与生态环境协调性测度研究综述[J]. 生产力研究,2007,(6):149-150.
[20] 胡志毅. 区域旅游发展协调度分析——以云南省石林县为例[J]. 重庆师范学院学报(自然科学版),2003,20(3):58-72.
