位于新疆塔里盆地西北缘的巴什布拉克铀矿床是与油气还原褪色蚀变密切相关的铀矿床,但有关油气还原褪色蚀变的依据大多是地质和地球化学方面的微观依据。本文在分析巴什布拉克铀矿化褪色蚀变岩石地质特征的基础上,根据Quickbird高空间分辨率卫星遥感数据的特点,开展了数据的增强处理,进一步提高了Quickbird数据对褪色蚀变岩石的分析和解译能力,并利用经过增强的Quickbird数据,对铀矿区出露的油气还原褪色蚀变岩石的空间形态和分布特征进行了分析:(1)从铀矿区及周围地区的较大视野,分析了油气还原褪色蚀变岩石的总体分布特征;(2)从整个铀矿区的尺度,分析了未发生褪色蚀变的紫红色砂岩残留体的形态特点、空间展布特征等;(3)从东矿区段更大尺度,分析了处于大片未蚀变紫红色砂岩内部的灰黄色褪色蚀变砂岩的形态特点和空间展布特征。上述分析,从正反两个方面,为铀矿化褪色砂岩的油气还原成因提供了大尺度的宏观依据,并为外围找矿提供了重要信息,充分展示出Quickbird高空间分辨率遥感技术在铀矿找矿中的应用潜力。

Bashibulake uranium deposit, which located in the northwest fringe of Tarim basin in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, was considered to be closely related with oil-reduced fading alteration. However, the evidences about the oil-reduced fading alteration genesis mainly came from the geological and geochemical microscopic researches. In this paper, the enhancement processing of Quickbird high spatial resolution satellite remote sensing data was firstly made on the basis of analyzing the geological characteristics of uranium mineralizing fading alteration sandstone and the band feature of Quickbird data. Through above processing, the ability of Quickbird images to interpret the fading alteration sandstone was further promoted. Secondly, the features about shape, spatial distribution for oil-reduced fading alteration sandstone which exposed on the Bashibulake uranium ore area were analyzed using the enhanced Quickbird images. Analysis included the following three aspects. One was the general distribution for the fading alteration sandstone from the wide scale of the uranium ore area and its around area. The second was the shape feature and spatial distribution characteristics for the purple red sandstone, which was not under subjected of fading alteration, from the scale of the whole uranium mineralization district. The third was the shape and spatial expand feature for the grey yellow fading alteration sandstone that is located in the internal of a large unfading purple red sandstone from the more large scale of the east uranium ore area. Above results provided the macroscopic evidence from both positive and negative aspects to verify the uranium mineralizing fading sandstone was generated by the oil-reduced alteration, rather than the original sediment genesis. In the same time, the idea about whole spatial distribution of the fading alteration sandstone can provide important information for uranium prospect in the outer edge of Bashibulake uranium mineralization area. All above researches fully show the great application potential for Quickbird high spatial resolution satellite remote sensing data on uranium mineralization exploration.