本文通过对Shapefile文件进行扩展,使用改进的基态修正模型,构建了一种ArcGIS的时空数据模型,支持对时空变化过程的存储、分析和模拟,同时支持传统的GIS空间分析功能。本研究还设计和实现了一种基于多时态矢量数据集的时空数据变化过程发现和时空数据转换算法,此算法可以自动提取多个时态之间的变化过程,将多时态数据转换成基于Shapefile的时空数据模型存储。鉴于该数据模型,设计和实现了时空数据的快照恢复、变化查询、历史演化分析和数据更新方法,验证了模型的可应用性。

The research of spatio-temporal data model is the core of temporal GIS. Though the concept of temporal GIS has been proposed for years, there isnt any practical system till now. In order to simulate and save the temporal and spatial variation as well as apply the tranditional GIS functions, in this paper we chose to extend the existing ArcGIS vector data model to support temporal and spatial analysis functions. Firstly, we analysed the type of temporal and spatial variation and divided the common temporal and spatial variation into 8 different kinds. Then based on the analysis of variation types, we constructed a kind of spatio-temporal data model that support to save, analyse and simulate spatio-temporal changes in view of the vector data model of ArcGIS by using the base state with amendments model. Because that most multi-period spatial data are saved into multi-snapshots format, in other words, they are saved separately, its unrealistic to convert them into base state with amendments format manually. So in this paper, we also design and implement an algorithm which can extract and save temporal and spatial changes into base state with amendments format automatically from multi-period data. In order to verify the feasibility and efficiency of the data model, we designed and implemented a demo system to support the query, analysis, management and dynamic visualization of spatio-temporal data. The verify result showed that this data model could be used to support spatio-tempoal change recording, analysis and management.