高分辨率遥感技术(包括高空间分辨率和高光谱分辨率)是新世纪以来地质勘查领域的重要新技术、新方法。本文以新疆塔里木盆地北缘巴什布拉克铀矿区和柯坪地区为例,研究了Quickbird高空间分辨率卫星遥感技术和CASI(Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager)/SASI (Shortwave infrared Airborne Spectrographic Imager)航空高光谱遥感技术在铀矿勘查中的应用。首先,介绍了Quickbird和CASI/SASI高分辨率遥感数据的特点和处理方法;然后,分析了Quickbird高空间分辨率遥感技术在新疆塔里木盆地北缘巴什布拉克铀矿区油气还原褪色蚀变识别与空间分布规律分析中的应用,为铀矿油气还原成因研究和外围找矿方向提供重要依据;并研究了Quickbird与CASI/SASI两种高分辨率遥感技术在新疆塔里木盆地北缘柯坪地区铀矿勘查中的应用,发现了萨拉姆布拉克铀矿化带及其铀矿化蚀变空间分布特征,确定了铀矿化蚀变类型,预测了铀矿找矿靶区,为该地区铀矿勘查的新突破提供了重要依据。上述应用表明,高分辨率遥感技术在铀矿地质勘查领域可以取得很好的应用效果,值得广大遥感地质工作者今后进一步深入挖掘其应用潜力。

High resolution remote sensing technology (including high spatial resolution and hyper-spectral resolution) is an important new technology in field of geological exploration since the new century. In order to present the application of high resolution remote sensing technology in geological field, the Quickbird high spatial resolution satellite remote sensing technology and CASI (Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager)/SASI (Shortwave infrared Airborne Spectrographic Imager) airborne hyper-spectral remote sensing technology were used to mine the uranium exploration information in north fringe of Tarim Basin, Xingjiang, in this paper. In first part, the feature and processing method of Quickbird and CASI/SASI data were introduced. Especially, a new method called the reverse enhancement method of uranium mineralization bleached alteration was discussed. In second part, the application of Quickbird data in identifying and analyzing the sandstone-type uranium mineralization bleached alteration was illustrated. In this part, some bleached alteration information related with uranium mineralization in Baxhibulake uranium region in Tarim Basin were identified using Quickbird high resolution remote sensing datum, and their spatial distribution raw was also analyzed. In third part, the application to discover new uranium mineralization belt and evaluate the favorable target zone using Quickbird and CASI/SASI data comprehensively were presented. In this part, an uranium mineralization belt named Salamubulake in east of Keping uplift in the north fringe of Tarim Basin was discovered using Quickbird remote sensing technology, and some alteration adjacent in the belt were identified and analyzed. Furthermore, the mineral composition for those alterations were mapped using CASI/SASI high resolution remote sensing datum. Its uranium metallogenetic potential was evaluated, and the favorable areas for uranium exploration were predicted. At last, the field investigation was also introduced and some conclusion were made that high resolution remote sensing technology has been utilized in uranium exploration field fully, and good application effects was made. Therefore, the application potential of high resolution remote sensing technology to geological exploration is valuable in being mined in the future.