长期以来,三维地质体建模研究主要依赖于钻孔、剖面等勘察数据进行精细化建模。然而,在缺乏大区域宏观地质背景的前提下,仅考虑局部地区的精细建模,往往会导致以偏盖全。鉴此,本文提出了一种以平面地质图为基础数据,以图切地质剖面为中介的三维地质体建模方法。该方法通过间接法加密了研究区域的产状数据,用三次样条拟合与人工修编结合的方法,对褶皱等复杂构造作处理,实现了平面地质图的图切剖面自动绘制方法;以规则体元为三维空间数据模型,通过自动绘制研究区域一系列相互平行的图切剖面,构建了栅格化的三维地质体模型;以星岗地区为研究区域,构建了原型实验系统,验证了该方法的有效性与实用性。实例证明,在其他地质数据匮乏的条件下,平面地质图的三维地质体建模方法是构建区域三维地质体模型的一种有效解决方案。

For a long time, the study of 3D geological modeling relies on using exploration data from drill holes or geologic sections. But, on the premise of the lack of large area general geological background modeling, only considering of local region refined modeling often lead to overgeneralization and over-reliance on the data. Plane geological map, which integrates geological field survey and the results of the work with geological expert knowledge, reveals rock stratigraphy and geological structure of the region, is the available and the most direct data source for 3D geological modeling. On the premise of the lack of other geological data, using planar geological map to build 3D geological model is an effective solution. The 3D geological modeling directly based on planar geological map, but it is weak in controllability and the building quality of the geological models is unsatisfactory. To solve this problem, this article proposed a new 3D geological modeling method based on geological plane maps and used cutting profile as the intermediary. The method encrypted the existing data of the study area indirectly, processed complex structures such as folds using cubic spline fitting combining with artificial revision, and realized the automatic drawing of cutting profile based on the geological plane maps. We took regular voxels as the 3D spatial data model, got a series of parallel cutting profile of the study area automatically drawn, and built a rasterized 3D geological model. With Xinggang area, Chongqing City as the study area, the prototype experiment system was built and we verified the effectiveness and practicality. Results showed that the 3D geological modeling method based on geological plane maps is an effective solution to build regional 3D geological model under the condition of lacking of other geological data.