在综合分析海湾型城市自然生态与社会生态属性的基础上,选取了高程、坡度、河流水库、植被覆盖、土地覆盖和生态保护区等6个因子,作为生态敏感性评价的指标。另外,借助GIS 空间分析单因子评价与多因子加权综合评价方法,研究了生态敏感性程度及其空间分布特征,将厦门的生态敏感性划分为4级:不敏感、较敏感、中敏感和高敏感。综合评价结果表明,厦门市生态敏感性在空间分布上差异显著:高度敏感区占研究区总面积的28.1%,低敏感区和不敏感区分别占研究区总面积的27.9%和33.6%。中度敏感区占的比例较小,仅为10.4%。

With the implementation of development strategy of bay-type city, Xiamen City has been one of the most dynamic regions of the Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone. However, it confronts the conflicts between the rapidly spatial expansion and the limited resources and environment. Based on the characteristic of natural ecology and social ecology of Xiamen City, taking example by related researched, elevation, slope, NDVI, rivers and reservoirs, land cover and protected area were selected to form the ecological sensitivity assessment indicator system. With the help of spatial analysis function of geographic information system, the ecological sensitivity degrees and their spatial distribution of the study area were quantitatively analyzed by single-factor evaluation method and multifactor weighted integrated assessment method. According to the level of ecological sensitivity, the study region was subdivided into four grades: insensitive, low sensitive, moderate sensitive, and highly sensitive. The integrated evaluation result showed that, significant differences were found in special distribution of Xiamen's ecological sensitivity. The high sensitive regions, accounting for 28.1% of total area, mainly concentrated in the northern part of Xiamen City, which displayed a half annular distribution. The moderate sensitive regions, which shared only 10.4% of total area, are presented as irregular spots or branches. The low sensitivity area, with 27.9% of total area, was distributed around the peripheral buffer zone of high sensitive regions and moderate sensitive regions. The insensitive areas, which accounted for 33.6% of total area, were mainly located in artificial business landscape. It was also found that the appropriate development area was Huli and Xiang'an District, while inappropriate development area was Tong'an District. This study could provide scientific references for land use optimization and regional eco-environment protection countermeasures in the process of urban development.