重庆市交通网络的可达性时空特征及其演化规律
作者简介:肖京格(1992-),男,河北保定人,本科生,主要从事地理信息系统开发与应用研究。E-mail:xiaojgswu@163.com
收稿日期: 2013-12-09
要求修回日期: 2014-04-12
网络出版日期: 2015-01-05
基金资助
国家级大学生创新训练计划项目(201410635003)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(XDJK2013C079)
Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Chongqing Transport Network Accessibility and Its Evolution Pattern
Received date: 2013-12-09
Request revised date: 2014-04-12
Online published: 2015-01-05
Copyright
可达性是度量区域交通网络结构通达性的有效指标。本文以1997、2001、2004、2008和2012年为时间断面,以加权平均旅行时间为指标,对重庆市陆路交通网络中节点区县可达性时空特征及演化规律进行了研究。结果表明:重庆市交通可达性总体呈现以主城区为中心向外围区域递减的“核心-边缘”模式,可达性等值线大致呈不规则环状分布;随着路网的不断完善,可达性水平由中心向外围呈圈层式优化,各区县的可达性有大幅度的提升,但不同阶段可达性提升幅度不同,第1、2阶段(1997-2004年)可达性相对第3、4阶段(2004-2012年)而言优化程度更为显著。由于可达性值变化幅度与其初始值有关,所以,边缘地区可达性值提高幅度始终大于中心地区,区县可达性差异逐渐缩小,可达性分布趋于均衡。由于空间经济分布具有明显的不均衡性,可达性与经济发展之间具有一定的互动耦合关系,交通网络的区域效应显得更为复杂。交通网络如何与城市体系合理匹配,形成良性互动的“交通-城市-经济”复合系统,是未来区域交通建设规划应该重视的内容。
肖京格 , 周廷刚 , 姚林虎 , 廖莎 , 何惠丽 . 重庆市交通网络的可达性时空特征及其演化规律[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2015 , 17(1) : 54 -61 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2015.00054
Accessibility, as an important index to represent the effectiveness of regional traffic network structure, takes a vital role in transport status research and transport network planning and designing. However, it is hard to find previous researches on the spatial-temporal characteristics of transport network accessibility and its evolution pattern, especially cases concerning the inland mountainous regions. In this paper, those characteristics and the evolution pattern of all nodes (districts) in Chongqing transport network in 1997, 2001, 2004, 2008 and 2012 were analyzed and evaluated by using the weighted average travel time as the indicator. The results show that the accessibility of Chongqing declined gradually from the city center (Yuzhong district) to the city edges. During 1997-2012, with the enhancement of transport network, the accessibility of all nodes was dramatically improved. Comparatively, the growth of accessibility during 1997-2004 is higher than that during 2004-2012. Because the variation of accessibility values has a close relationship with its initial value, the accessibility increase in the marginal areas is greater than that in the central areas. Among the cities, the differences in accessibility gradually narrow, and the accessibility coefficient gradually reaches an equilibrium distribution. Because of the imbalance of the spatial distribution of economy, there is a certain interactive coupling relationship between economic development and accessibility. And the regional effect of the transport network is more complicated. How to properly match the transport network to the urban system is the content of the regional transportation construction planning, and the government should pay more attention into it in the future.
Tab. 1 Average highway driving speed setting table for different road types表1 不同等级公路平均行车速度设定表 |
道路类型 | 高速公路 | 国道 | 省道 | 县乡连接路 |
---|---|---|---|---|
实际时速(km/h) | 100 | 60 | 40 | 20 |
Fig. 1 The distribution of traffic network in each year图1 各年份交通网络分布 |
Fig. 2 The spatial pattern of transport network accessibility in Chongqing during 1997-2012图2 1997-2012年重庆交通网络可达性格局 |
Fig. 3 Changes of the mean accessibility图3 可达性均值变化 |
Fig. 4 The evolution of transport network accessibility in Chongqing during 1997-2012图4 1997-2012年重庆交通网络可达性演化 |
Tab. 2 Changes of the rates of accessibility of all cities in Chongqing during 1997-2012表2 1997-2012年重庆市各区县可达性变化率 |
区县 | 可达性变化率(%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
第1阶段 | 第2阶段 | 第3阶段 | 第4阶段 | |
潼南县 | 14.12 | 14.76 | 1.39 | 7.96 |
大足区 | 7.54 | 17.73 | 5.80 | 0.59 |
荣昌县 | 1.63 | 27.81 | 6.71 | 3.79 |
永川区 | 10.06 | 38.29 | 5.11 | 1.92 |
江津区 | 5.86 | 18.31 | 5.69 | 24.15 |
巴南区 | 21.43 | 21.37 | 9.22 | 5.88 |
九龙坡区 | 23.22 | 21.03 | 12.06 | 4.57 |
大渡口区 | 21.10 | 25.19 | 11.56 | 4.55 |
沙坪坝区 | 21.18 | 26.69 | 16.92 | 2.47 |
江北区 | 22.98 | 19.92 | 14.93 | 6.43 |
渝中区 | 19.82 | 24.32 | 12.24 | 4.65 |
南岸区 | 23.94 | 21.76 | 13.37 | 24.69 |
渝北区 | 23.56 | 12.90 | 18.06 | 4.52 |
璧山县 | 2.10 | 43.71 | 7.09 | 3.44 |
铜梁县 | 15.34 | 26.95 | 5.18 | 7.40 |
合川区 | 19.08 | 4.55 | 20.29 | 35.15 |
北碚区 | 21.66 | 8.22 | 18.09 | 19.83 |
长寿县 | 22.73 | 19.15 | 16.23 | 4.71 |
涪陵区 | 15.89 | 27.61 | 10.51 | 4.35 |
南川区 | 9.54 | 31.58 | 6.54 | 5.76 |
綦江区 | 17.68 | 22.59 | 7.39 | 3.78 |
武隆县 | 9.90 | 34.20 | 11.59 | 2.62 |
彭水县 | 6.53 | 20.18 | 19.51 | 16.25 |
垫江县 | 12.93 | 25.07 | 8.10 | 5.36 |
忠县 | 5.94 | 7.54 | 20.39 | 8.63 |
丰都县 | 12.16 | 23.52 | 8.39 | 9.49 |
石柱县 | 12.22 | 21.11 | 3.64 | 6.20 |
黔江区 | 6.94 | 39.79 | 7.09 | 1.91 |
酉阳县 | 8.95 | 35.21 | 7.27 | 2.83 |
秀山县 | 7.76 | 45.89 | 6.44 | 1.33 |
梁平县 | 13.43 | 16.55 | 7.16 | 14.84 |
万州区 | 22.07 | 2.42 | 25.90 | 5.47 |
开县 | 19.59 | 6.83 | 15.38 | 1.73 |
云阳县 | 27.90 | 4.96 | 23.29 | 2.09 |
城口县 | 14.06 | 4.51 | 10.41 | 0.54 |
巫溪县 | 11.01 | 8.75 | 19.72 | 2.42 |
奉节县 | 10.47 | 11.97 | 30.97 | 5.66 |
巫山县 | 14.16 | 8.60 | 22.31 | 0.78 |
Fig. 5 Change of the standard deviation coefficient图5 标准差系数变化 |
Fig. 6 The spatial pattern of the transport network accessibility of Chongqing in 2020图6 2020年重庆交通网络可达性格局 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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