基于浮动车数据的城市道路通行能力时空特征分析
作者简介:张希瑞(1990-),女,硕士生,研究方向为时空数据挖掘、交通地理信息系统。E-mail:xrzhangchn@gmail.com
收稿日期: 2014-08-04
要求修回日期: 2014-10-24
网络出版日期: 2015-03-10
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41231171、41371420)
A Spatio-temporal Analysis on the Heterogeneous Distribution of Urban Road Network Capacity Based on Floating Car Data
Received date: 2014-08-04
Request revised date: 2014-10-24
Online published: 2015-03-10
Copyright
张希瑞 , 方志祥 , 李清泉 , 鲁仕维 . 基于浮动车数据的城市道路通行能力时空特征分析[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2015 , 17(3) : 336 -343 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2015.00336
The spatio-temporal distribution of road network transportation capacity in Shenzhen City was analyzed based on floating car data. The raw floating car data was pre-processed before it was matched to the exact road. Then, the trajectory of each floating car was rebuilt. This paper calculated the travel speed of all different types of road in different time periods. Meanwhile, a new urban road capacity indicator was proposed, by which the road capacity was directly derived from the travel speed. Taking consideration of various traffic conditions and interactions between vehicles, the indices used to describe lane reduction and lane width reduction were applied to adjust the road capacity. The influence of intersections on road capacity can be ignored when taking the traffic flow as a continuous flow. Time-varying characteristics and heterogeneous spatial distribution was found in the urban road capacity. The trend of hourly road capacity was significantly different between weekdays and weekends. Road capacity kept stable in weekdays until it revealed a peak that appeared at noon in weekends. Reserve capacity changed greatly in both weekdays and weekends. And it decreased significantly at noon in weekends. The road capacity varied dramatically within different districts of the city: the road capacity in Yantian District and Nanshan District were both high, and they shared similar trends, while the road capacity in Longgang District and Bao'an District, which also shared similar trends, were in the average level of the capacity within the city, and slightly lower than the former two districts. Additionally, the road capacity of Futian District and Luohu District were in the lower level of the city. We also found that the urban road capacity was overall evidently low in the areas with higher population density and higher development level, and didn’t change much during the day. Road grade had significant influence on the road capacity and reserve capacity. For higher grade of the urban roads in Shenzhen, the capacity and the reserve capacity varied obviously with time, however there was little change in reserve capacity for lower level of the urban roads.
Key words: GIS-T; floating car data; road capacity; spatio-temporal distribution
Tab. 1 The values of vroad表1 vroad取值 |
城市道路等级 | 快速路 | 主干路 | 次干路 | 支路 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |
6:00-22:00 | 58.3 | 52.0 | 36.8 | 32.0 | 24.8 | 16.6 | 12.8 |
22:00-6:00 | 61.9 | 50.7 | 35.9 | 30.1 | 23.6 | 16.2 | 12.5 |
Tab. 2 The relation between longitudinal frictional coefficient f and speed v表2 纵向滑行摩擦系数f与车速v的关系表 |
v(km/h) | 30 | 35 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 90 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
f | 0.45 | 0.40 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.25 |
Fig. 1 The relation between capacity and speed图1 通行能力随速度变化图 |
Tab. 3 The lane reduction index value表3 车道折减系数取值 |
车道数 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
α条 | 1.00 | 1.87 | 2.65 | 3.20 | 3.65 |
Tab. 4 The lane width reduction index value表4 车道宽度折减系数取值 |
车道宽度(m) | 3.50 | 3.25 | 3.00 | 2.75 |
---|---|---|---|---|
α车道宽 | 1.00 | 0.94 | 0.85 | 0.77 |
Tab.5 The value of α车道宽表5 α车道宽在不同等级道路上的取值 |
城市道路等级 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
α车道宽 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.94 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.77 |
Fig. 2 The road grade map of Shenzhen City图2 深圳市道路等级图 |
Fig. 3 The administrative map of Shenzhen City图3 深圳市行政区划图 |
Tab. 6 The proportion of road length in each administrative region and road grade表6 各行政区域不同等级道路长度比值表 |
宝安区 | 南山区 | 福田区 | 龙岗区 | 盐田区 | 罗湖区 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
快速路(%) | 2.44 | 0.29 | 0.37 | 0.91 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
主干路(%) | 1.09 | 0.65 | 0.49 | 2.42 | 0.36 | 0.59 |
次干路(%) | 15.75 | 5.94 | 4.05 | 9.96 | 1.15 | 2.30 |
支路(%) | 22.19 | 3.98 | 3.91 | 17.37 | 1.01 | 2.78 |
Fig. 4 Variations of the average capacity of different road networks in 24 h图4 各时段路网平均通行能力日变化 |
Fig. 5 Variations of average reserve capacity of different road networks in 24 h图5 各时段路网平均通行能力余量日变化 |
Fig. 6 Spatial distribution of capacity and reserve capacity图6 通行能力和通行能力余量空间分布图 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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