碳排放和减碳的社会经济代价研究进展与方法探究
作者简介:邓祥征(1971-),男,山东日照人,研究员,主要从事气候变化、城市化与全球环境变化、土地变化科学、资源与可持续发展等方面的研究。E-mail: dengxz@igsnrr.ac.cn
收稿日期: 2017-12-06
要求修回日期: 2018-02-11
网络出版日期: 2018-04-20
基金资助
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0602500)
Methodological Framework and Research Progress on the Social and Economic Costs of Carbon Emission and Reduction
Received date: 2017-12-06
Request revised date: 2018-02-11
Online published: 2018-04-20
Supported by
National Key Research and Development Program of China, No.2016YFA0602500.
Copyright
碳排放和减碳的社会经济影响与代价评估日益受到学术界和决策者的关注,本文综合分析了全球范围内碳排放与减碳社会经济影响的重要科学问题和国内外研究现状,基于卫星最新观测到的全球CO2非均匀分布的事实,针对温控1.5 ℃和2 ℃阈值情景,探讨了全球二氧化碳非均匀动态分布与地表温度时空关系,全球二氧化碳非均匀动态分布状况下主要国家碳排放空间评价以及温控1.5 ℃和2 ℃阈值情景下中国碳排放和减碳社会经济代价评估等问题可采取的技术模型方案,并提出了构建新气候变化经济学的理论方法与技术体系。本文构建的技术路线和研究方法拟为国家制订各项应对碳排放和减碳战略与对策、减缓气候变化并实现可持续转型、提升中国在应对气候变化领域的国际话语权等方面提供决策支持。
邓祥征 , 丹利 , 叶谦 , 王兆华 , 刘宇 , 张雪艳 , 张帆 , 祁威 , 王国峰 , 王佩 , 白羽萍 . 碳排放和减碳的社会经济代价研究进展与方法探究[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2018 , 20(4) : 405 -413 . DOI: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2018.170590
Social and economic costs of carbon emission and reduction have increasingly been one of the hot research topics and are concerns by the policy makers of academic communities. We have conducted a comprehensive analysis on the key scientific issues and research progress on global carbon emission and carbon mitigation at both domestic and abroad. The latest observations from carbon satellites have proved that the global carbon dioxide has been spatially unevenly distributed. Given the 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C temperature increase limits of the Paris Agreement, we propose a technical framework to explore the temporal and spatial relationship between CO2 non-uniform dynamic distribution and global surface temperature, and to evaluate the carbon emission of selected major countries on the conditions of CO2 non-uniform dynamic distribution, and to estimate the social and economic costs of carbon emission and carbon reduction under the scenario of the 1.5°C and 2.0°C temperature limits. We finally propose an in-depth applied research on the complex relationships between climate change, economic growth and technology development. The technical framework and research methodologies in this paper will provide supports for the government on the aspects of formulating strategies and countermeasures for carbon emission and carbon reduction, by providing decision-making advices on mitigating climate change and achieving sustainable transformation and enhancing China′s dominant voice in the carbon diplomacy as well.
Tab. 1 Advantages and disadvantages of comprehensive assessment models of climate change表1 气候变化综合评估模型优劣势对比 |
IAM模型 | CGE模型 | 模拟模型 | |
---|---|---|---|
概况 | 包括以DICE、ENTICE、DEMETER-ICCS、MIND、GET-LFL 为主的全球模型,和以 RICE、FUND、CETA 为代表性的区域化模型 | 包括 JAM、IGEM 全球模型和 GTAP-E、MIT-EPPA、SGM、AIM 为代表性的区域化模型 | 主要集中在区域化分析方面,有 PAGE、ICAM-1、IMAGE、E3MG 模型等 |
优点 | 可反映不同外部假设条件下多因子间相互作用 | 可反映气候政策对社会经济结构等 影响 | 可模拟、评估自适应政策和预防措施缓解气候变化损害程度 |
缺点 | 无法反映子系统间相互作用与经济系统运行机理 | 无法模拟长期动态变化,模型参数缺乏可信度度量,初始条件敏感 | 社会经济关系过于简化,不符合实际 |
Fig. 1 Technical flowchart of studies on costs of carbon emission and reduction图1 碳排放和减碳的社会经济代价研究技术路线 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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