城市邻近基站间人群流动时空变化同步性分析
作者简介:朱菁玮(1993-),女,硕士生,主要从事时空地理信息科学研究。E-mail: zhujw@whu.edu.cn
收稿日期: 2017-11-20
要求修回日期: 2018-03-18
网络出版日期: 2018-06-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41231171、41771473)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2042017kf0235、
Flow Synchronization of Mobile Communication Network in Cities Areas
Received date: 2017-11-20
Request revised date: 2018-03-18
Online published: 2018-06-20
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41231171, 41771473
The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, No.2042017kf0235, GK201803049
Copyright
不同区域人群流量随时间的变化可以反映城市结构的空间差异。现有对于城市人群空间分布特性的研究大都以人群密度计算为基础,注重时空切片尺度,但是不能有效刻画邻域空间单元间流量变化的时空过程同步特性。本文提出一种基于基站间流量变化过程相似度的城市邻域基站流量变化同步性度量方法,量化分析不同区域的人群进出流量过程的相似程度,研究城市中具有相同人群流量变化过程的同步性区域空间分布规律。以深圳市为例,对城市同步性区域的空间分布与特点进行剖析。实验发现:计算同步性时参数选择需根据城市本身基站分布及流量特点分析,一般研究中,城市基站平均距离可作为邻近区域半径d,描述基站间流量变化相似度的特征阈值λ选取与邻近区域半径有关,半径越小,阈值取值越小。通过基站人群流量同步性得到的城市同步区域的空间分布不同于行政区域划分结果,同步区域面积小,划分更为精细;且规划级别越高的中心区,其范围内基站同步区域数目越多。最后,将同步区域结果与流量密度图对比,发现该方法不仅能够发现流量变化大的同步区域,并且能够发现城市中流量变化小的同步区域。本文提出的方法能量化衡量区域流量变化同步性并发现具有不同流量变化特点的同步性整体区域,对城市人群空间变化特点进行分析,可用于指导和评价城市规划与实际人群活动区域效果,以及城市服务设施布局等。
朱菁玮 , 方志祥 , 杨喜平 , 尹凌 . 城市邻近基站间人群流动时空变化同步性分析[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2018 , 20(6) : 844 -853 . DOI: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2018.170550
Distribution and movement of people in urban areas are important information for studying urban dynamics and crowd displacement rhythm. The temporal variation of people flow between different spatial regions shows how people interact with physical locations and is highly related to its function and structure in the city. Previous researches usually use density-based approaches to investigate the temporal variation of people flows in different spatial regions. This kind of approach can present time slice-based hot-spot maps but cannot reflect the consistency of changing processes. Therefore, this paper proposes an approach of synchronization measurement to fill in this gap. Our method is designed to measure the similarity of temporal people flow processes between stations in the 3D feature space and quantify property of synchronization of communication network areas based on the average similarity. An experiment of measuring synchronization was conducted using a dataset of mobile phone data in Shenzhen. The people flow processes within this city was derived from the mobile phone dataset. The results show: firstly, the neighboring-area radius and feature space threshold depend on the distribution of mobile station and flow process in corresponding serving areas. In most cases, the neighboring-area radius can be set as the average distance between mobile stations. The feature space threshold depends on the neighboring area radius, and the smaller the radius, the smaller the threshold should be. Secondly, different from administrative areas, the synchronized areas show the characteristics of human dynamics in the city with a smaller spatial unit. We found that the centers with higher level of planning have more synchronized regions with relatively small area in them. Finally, compared with the density map result, our approach indicates that the synchronized regions not only exist in the city centers with high flow changes but also in rural areas with relatively small flow changes. Combined with additional information such as land use attributes, the synchronized areas clarify the spatial structure of the population and its aggregated boundary effect in the city. This approach can be used to assess the output of urban planning and optimize the distribution of service facilities such as emergency management and transportation network design.
Fig. 1 Diagrams of flow feature space图1 流量特征空间示意图 |
Fig. 2 Diagram of neighboring mobile base station图2 邻近基站示意图 |
Fig. 3 Average synchronization and maximum synchronization of different parameters图3 不同参数下同步均值统计和基站最大邻域基站同步分布 |
Fig. 4 Synchronized areas of different parameters图4 不同参数下基站同步区域空间分布结果 |
Tab. 1 Statistical result of synchronized area表1 不同参数设置基站同步区域的数目和面积(104 m2) |
d值/m | λ值 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
统计 | 0.025 | 0.03 | 0.035 | 0.04 | 0.045 | |
200 | 数目 | 312 | 327 | 338 | 334 | 340 |
面积 | 18.63 | 21.05 | 23.30 | 26.42 | 28.91 | |
300 | 数目 | 350 | 362 | 356 | 336 | 329 |
面积 | 26.13 | 31.77 | 38.34 | 46.04 | 52.60 | |
400 | 数目 | 329 | 364 | 349 | 324 | 280 |
面积 | 43.82 | 46.68 | 54.79 | 68.42 | 87.11 | |
500 | 数目 | 334 | 338 | 317 | 289 | 258 |
面积 | 48.21 | 57.95 | 76.13 | 98.03 | 103.47 | |
600 | 数目 | 320 | 349 | 299 | 293 | 292 |
面积 | 57.25 | 62.11 | 70.36 | 66.23 | 73.33 | |
700 | 数目 | 336 | 339 | 323 | 292 | 295 |
面积 | 56.52 | 47.55 | 47.03 | 49.74 | 57.72 | |
800 | 数目 | 315 | 326 | 309 | 300 | 308 |
面积 | 44.12 | 48.85 | 53.84 | 63.26 | 70.57 | |
900 | 数目 | 314 | 324 | 346 | 327 | 320 |
面积 | 50.19 | 61.41 | 57.70 | 56.31 | 58.89 | |
1000 m | 数目 | 312 | 334 | 315 | 322 | 321 |
面积 | 47.51 | 49.40 | 52.27 | 55.14 | 39.33 |
Fig. 5 Shenzhen's city planning map and synchronized area results图5 深圳市区域规划和基站同步结果图 |
Tab. 2 Statistical results of synchronized area in different administrative district表2 不同行政区基站同步区域统计结果 |
中心级别 | 中心区名称 | 数量/个 | 平均面积/104 m2 |
---|---|---|---|
主中心 | 福田 | 53 | 37.129 13 |
罗湖 | 36 | 21.741 72 | |
南山 | 42 | 65.253 07 | |
副中心 | 光明新城 | 24 | 143.683 70 |
龙岗 | 28 | 104.982 20 | |
龙华 | 38 | 56.657 80 | |
坪山新城 | 18 | 128.857 20 | |
盐田 | 13 | 75.796 65 | |
组团中心 | 布吉 | 18 | 123.960 40 |
观澜 | 13 | 81.174 19 | |
航空城 | 41 | 27.042 90 | |
横岗 | 8 | 175.219 70 | |
葵涌 | 4 | 72.110 76 | |
平湖 | 6 | 156.920 10 | |
沙井 | 25 | 28.574 77 | |
松岗 | 13 | 56.319 55 |
Fig. 6 Density map of Shenzhen′s population图6 深圳市人流变化密度图 |
Fig. 7 Map of synchronization level in Shenzhen图7 深圳市同步性级别分布图 |
Fig. 8 Comparison between density map and synchronization map in Shenzhen图8 密度图与同步区域对比 |
Tab. 3 Statistical result in different synchronized area levels表3 不同同步级别区域一天内流量密度变化 |
同步级别 | 流量级别 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | |
1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 22 | 72 | 5099 | 5153 | 34 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
2 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 8 | 35 | 1209 | 1259 | 37 | 5 | 9 | 4 |
3 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 17 | 53 | 1236 | 1304 | 67 | 17 | 14 | 0 |
4 | 0 | 3 | 8 | 13 | 62 | 1395 | 1502 | 72 | 17 | 11 | 0 |
5 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 16 | 75 | 1297 | 1326 | 69 | 9 | 7 | 0 |
6 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 8 | 48 | 1072 | 1054 | 54 | 4 | 7 | 0 |
7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 653 | 712 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 465 | 451 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 328 | 335 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 699 | 772 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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