结合游客评论情感分析的公园绿地可达性评估——基于改进的2SFCA方法
常婉渲(1999— ),女,江苏镇江人,硕士生,主要研究方向为交通大数据及交通地理信息。E-mail: changwanxuan99@163.com |
Copy editor: 蒋树芳 , 黄光玉
收稿日期: 2024-02-19
修回日期: 2024-04-09
网络出版日期: 2024-10-09
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(42261144745)
教育部人文社会科学研究项目(21YJC790030)
Assessment of Green Space Accessibility Incorporating Sentiment Analysis: An Improved 2SFCA Method
Received date: 2024-02-19
Revised date: 2024-04-09
Online published: 2024-10-09
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42261144745)
Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education of China(21YJC790030)
随着城市居民生活水平和对生活质量追求的提升,公园绿地已成为休闲娱乐的主要场所。在此背景下,如何公正地评价城市公园绿地布局合理性并提出改进意见对交通及土地利用规划至关重要。公园绿地的可达性则是评价其布局的关键指标。针对以往仅以公园绿地的面积评估吸引力所带来的可达性评估局限性,本文以苏州市区为例,在利用客观属性计算可达性的传统框架外,挖掘社交媒体数据,将居民对公园绿地质量指标的主观情感倾向纳入考量范畴。通过这一创新性的融合,本文改进了两步移动搜索法(Two-Step Floating Catchment Area, 2SFCA),深入分析城市居民对公园绿地的可达性,以及突发公共卫生事件前后可达性的动态变化。研究发现:在突发公共卫生事件期间,人们更趋向选择出行便利的公园绿地,如社区公园;而随着事件结束,人们更青睐配备良好设施的公园绿地,如专类公园。采用结合游客评论情感分析的2SFCA,能更准确评估城市公园绿地可达性,丰富公园绿地可达性研究视角。该方法不仅可应用于城市公园绿地规划,也为公共服务设施的可达性分析提供了新思路与计算框架。
常婉渲 , 张永琪 , 付晓 . 结合游客评论情感分析的公园绿地可达性评估——基于改进的2SFCA方法[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2024 , 26(10) : 2243 -2253 . DOI: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2024.240096
With the increasing improvement of the living standard of the residents in urban areas and their pursuit of quality of life, urban green spaces have become the main places of leisure and recreation for residents. Under this background, how to fairly evaluate the rationality of the layout of urban green spaces and put forward suggestions for improvement has become an important part of urban transportation and land use planning. Urban green space accessibility is a key indicator for evaluating the layout of urban green spaces. In response to the limitations of assessing attractiveness based solely on urban green space area in the past, this paper takes Suzhou urban area as an example. In addition to calculating accessibility using objective attributes in the traditional framework, the paper delves into social media data to incorporate urban residents' subjective sentiment towards urban green space quality indicators into the consideration scope of attractiveness. Through this innovative integration, the paper improves the Two-Step Floating Catchment Area (2SFCA) method, analyzing in-depth the accessibility of urban residents to urban green spaces and the dynamic changes in accessibility before and after public health emergencies. The improved 2SFCA method, combined with Sentiment Knowledge Enhanced Pre-training (SKEP) model, incorporates residents' emotional evaluations of urban green spaces to measure their subjective attractiveness. Meanwhile, considering the skewness characteristic of area indicators, the paper innovatively proposes the Scale Index (SI) as an objective attractiveness evaluation indicator for urban green spaces, providing more scientific and robust support for urban green space planning. The research findings reveal that during public health emergencies, individuals tend to prefer urban green spaces that offer convenient access, such as community parks. However, as daily life gradually resumes, there is a greater preference for urban green spaces equipped with high-quality facilities, such as specialized parks. Only considering objective area as the attractiveness of urban green space leads to overestimation of the accessibility of large-area and underestimation of small-area urban green space. Moreover, solely based on visitors' subjective quality perception of urban green space may underestimate the accessibility of communities around large urban green spaces. The improved 2SFCA method, considering both visitors' subjective perception and objective attributes of urban green space attractiveness, can more accurately assess urban green space accessibility, broadening the perspective of traditional urban green space accessibility assessment. This method can not only be applied to urban green space planning, but also provides a new idea and computational framework for the accessibility analysis of public service facilities.
表1 公园绿地质量评价指标Tab. 1 Indicators of urban green space quality |
类型 | 分类型 | 包含内容 |
---|---|---|
景观 | 地形水文 | 湿地、湖、池、山 |
生物植被 | 花、树、木、杉、草坪、鸟、鱼 | |
雕塑建筑 | 雕塑、人像、教堂、城楼、雕像 | |
文化古迹 | 遗址、古迹、古城墙 | |
配套设施 | 游乐设施 | 游乐园、滑滑梯、沙坑、船、秋千 |
休闲设施 | 公共座椅、凉亭、长廊、便利店、餐厅、 咖啡厅、贩卖机 | |
运动设施 | 健身设施、健身步道、跑道、球场 | |
文教设施 | 纪念馆、文化馆、图书馆 | |
基础设施 | 标牌 | 标牌、指示牌 |
照明系统 | 路灯、地灯、射灯 | |
停车场 | 停车位、停车场 | |
公共厕所 | 公厕、卫生间 | |
文娱活动 | 展览 | 文化展览、展品 |
活动 | 美食节、音乐节、灯会、节目、表演 | |
规模范围 | 规模/面积 | 大、中等、小、广、占地 |
[1] |
俞孔坚, 段铁武, 李迪华, 等. 景观可达性作为衡量城市绿地系统功能指标的评价方法与案例[J]. 城市规划, 1999, 23(8):7-10.
[
|
[2] |
杨亚璪, 廖丁铃. 基于老年人出行选择概率的公园绿地可达性评价——以重庆市渝北区为例[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2023, 23(24):10487-10497.
[
|
[3] |
|
[4] |
湛东升, 谢春鑫, 张文忠, 等. 基于累计机会可达性的北京城市公共服务设施复合功能识别[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2020, 22(6):1320-1329.
[
|
[5] |
|
[6] |
郑允豪, 刘晓慧. 面向就医地点推荐的个人时空可达性分析方法[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2020, 22(2):175-186.
[
|
[7] |
|
[8] |
|
[9] |
|
[10] |
傅俐, 王勇, 曾彪, 等. 基于改进两步移动搜索法的北碚区医疗设施空间可达性分析[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2019, 21(10):1565-1575.
[
|
[11] |
|
[12] |
|
[13] |
|
[14] |
|
[15] |
|
[16] |
|
[17] |
付晓, 陈梓丹, 黄洁. 基于手机信令数据的城市居民非通勤出行群体画像——以苏州市为例[J]. 地理科学, 2022, 42(10):1727-1734.
[
|
[18] |
张琛, 马祥元, 周扬, 等. 基于用户情感变化的新冠疫情舆情演变分析[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2021, 23(2):341-350.
[
|
[19] |
|
[20] |
|
[21] |
马薛骑, 裘鸿菲. 基于网络照片数据与Auto ML模型的湖泊公园景观意象特征及感知偏好研究[J]. 中国园林, 2022, 38(10):86-91.
[
|
[22] |
汤凌燕, 熊聪聪, 王嫄, 等. 基于深度学习的短文本情感倾向分析综述[J]. 计算机科学与探索, 2021, 15(5):794-811.
[
|
[23] |
|
[24] |
|
[25] |
|
[26] |
中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 城市绿地分类标准:CJJ/T 85-2017[S]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2017.
[Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China. Standard for classification of urban green space: CJJ/T 85-2017[S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2017.]
|
[27] |
黄应淮, 刘小平, 刘艳平, 等. 基于高德地图API的多种交通方式下城市公园时空可达性分析——以广州市海珠区为例[J]. 地理与地理信息科学, 2018, 34(6):50-57.
[
|
/
〈 |
|
〉 |