城市扩张与生态空间非线性动态耦合关系梯度分析模型

doi:10.12082/dqxxkx.2023.230178

Abstract

Abstract:

Exploring the coupling between urban development and ecological protection plays a key role in promoting the new urbanization strategy. The existing studies have largely focused on the coupling of urban system elements, structures, and functions, and the ecological environment at the macro scale, while their nonlinear dynamic relationships have been rarely explored across the spatial gradient. Here, we established a multi-criteria indicator system to quantify the urban-ecological composite system and proposed an integrated analytical framework to assess the dynamic coupling of this composite system. Taking Wuhan city as an example, we investigated the dynamic coupling between the urban expansion processes and the ecological space changes at different spatial domains (i.e., the area within the third-ring road, the area around the high-speed ring road, and the urban center) during the period of 1985-2020. The results show that the area of construction land experienced a continuous growth from 1985 to 2020 with an increasing rate from the urban center to rural areas, while the area of ecological land decreased rapidly. The urban center had a more significant decline in ecological land than other areas. With the rapid urban expansion, the coupling of the urban expansion process and ecological degradation presented a S-shaped change in the urban center area and the area around the high-speed ring road in Wuhan city, which was less obvious before 2010 and afterwards became significant. In the area of the high-speed ring road, the coupling level showed an overall increase with fluctuations, e.g., it fluctuated between the phase of highspeed development and the phase of spiral rise after 2005. For the area between the high-speed ring road and the urban center, the coupling level exhibited an approximate S shape, with a transition from a slow coordination state to the spiral-up state before 2010 and then a decline to the high-speed development state. In the urban center area, the coupling level was already at the stage of the high-speed development during the period of 2000-2005, and then fluctuated around high values. There were significant differences in the changes of coupling of urban-ecological system across spatial gradients of a city, which indicated that future urban space management and green infrastructure planning should be adapted to local conditions.

Key words: urban expansion, ecological space evolution, urban ecological systems, dynamic coupling relationship, nonlinear analysis, spatial gradient, urban space controlling, Wuhan city

MA Lisha, LIU Dianfeng, LIU Yaolin. Modelling Gradient Changes of Non-linear Dynamic Coupling Relationships between Urban Expansion and Ecological Land[J].Journal of Geo-information Science, 2023, 25(10): 1968-1985.DOI:10.12082/dqxxkx.2023.230178

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

An overview of the selected landscape indices

指标名称	计算公式	变量	含义	公式编号
景观面积	TA= $∑ j = 1 n a i j$ TA>0	$a i j$ 为类型 $i$ 斑块 $j$ 的面积，n为斑块数量	描述景观规模大小，揭示景观完整性	（4）
斑块数量	NP=N NP≥1	N为景观中的斑块数量	景观中斑块的总数，描述景观被分割的程度。值的大小与景观的破碎度有很好的正相关性	（5）
散布与并列指数	IJI= $- ∑ i = 1 m ∑ k = i + 1 m (e i k E) · l n e i k E l n 0.5 · (m - 1) × 100$ 0<IJI≤100	$e i k$ 为位于斑块i和k之间的边缘总长度，E为整个景观中的边缘总长度（不包括背景部分），m为景观中斑块类型的数量	景观隔离和斑块混合的量度，指标越大，不同斑块交替出现的规律越明显，景观斑块分散度越高	（6）
蔓延度	CONTAG= $100 × 1 + ∑ i = 1 m ∑ k = 1 m P i g i k ∑ k = 1 m g i k · l n P i g i k ∑ k = 1 m g i k 2 l n (m)$ 0<CONTAG≤100	$g i k$ 是基于双倍法的斑块类型i和斑块k之间的节点数，m是斑块类型数	描述景观里不同斑块类型的团聚程度或延展趋势。值较小时，表明景观中存在许多小斑块；值越高，景观中连通度极高的优势斑块类型存在的可能性越大	（7）
香浓多样性指数	SHDI $= - ∑ i = 1 m [P i l n (P i)]$ SHDI≥0	$P i$ 为斑块类型 $i$ 的面积比重，m为斑块类型的数量	描述景观异质性，值越大，各斑块类型在景观中呈均衡化趋势分布	（8）
香浓均匀度指数	SHEI= $- ∑ i = 1 m [P i l n (P i)] l n m$ 0≤ $S H E I$ ≤1	$P i$ 为斑块类型 $i$ 的面积比重，m为斑块类型的数目	描述景观各组分的分配均匀程度	（9）
景观形状指数	LSI= $0.25 E / A$ $L S I$ ≥1	E是斑块周长，A是斑块面积	景观形状越不规则或越偏离正方形时，值越大	（10）

Tab. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Tab. 2

Fitting curves for spatial evolution of urban and ecological subsystems in Wuhan from 1985 to 2020

研究范围	城市空间扩张变化趋势拟合曲线	Adjust- R²	公式编号	生态空间变化趋势拟合曲线	Adjust- R²	公式编号
	$a e - t - b c 2$		（19）	$a 0 + a 1 c o s t w + b 1 s i n t w$		（25）
武汉市行政区划内	$y U = 3.5 e - (t - 5 4) 2$	0.868 2	（20）	$y E = 3.2 - 0.9 s i n 0.9 t$	0.659 5	（26）
绕城高速环线内	$y U = 2.5 e - (t - 4.5 4) 2$	0.921 7	（21）	$y E = 3.3 - 0.3 c o s 2.6 t - 0.5 s i n 2.6 t$	0.698 5	（27）
三环线内	$y U = 1.3 e - (t - 3.8 2.5) 2$	0.928 9	（22）	$y E = 3.4 - 0.3 c o s 2.2 t - 0.2 s i n 2.2 t$	0.658 0	（28）
绕城高速环线-武汉市界	$y U = 2.8 e - (t - 4.8 5.7) 2$	0.795 6	（23）	$y E = 3.2 - s i n 0.9 t$	0.688 4	（29）
三环线-绕城高速环线	$y U = 2.1 e - (t - 3.7 6) 2$	0.743 9	（24）	$y E = 3.3 + 0.2 c o s 1.3 t - 0.3 s i n 1.3 t$	0.403 4	（30）

Tab. 2

Fig. 7

Tab. 3

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时段/年	武汉市行政区划内	绕城高速环线内	三环线内	绕城高速环线-武汉市界	三环线-绕城高速环线
1985—1990	I	II	II	I	I
1990—1995	II	I	I	II	II
1995—2000	II	II	I	II	II
2000—2005	II	II	III	II	III
2005—2010	II	IV	IV	III	IV
2010—2015	IV	III	III	IV	IV
2015—2020	IV	IV	III	IV	III

Modelling Gradient Changes of Non-linear Dynamic Coupling Relationships between Urban Expansion and Ecological Land

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