Journal of Geo-information Science >
The Study of Glacier Dynamic Change in South Mountain of Manas River Watershed in the Past 20 Years
Received date: 2013-11-25
Request revised date: 2014-02-24
Online published: 2014-09-04
Copyright
Glaciers play an important role in the global climate system. Regular methods of analyzing glacier changes are not applicable in some areas of the region. The use of remote sensing (RS) techniques and GIS provides an efficient tool to analyze the status and the changes of glaciers. The study utilized Landsat TM and DEM data from 1990 to 2010, and analyzed the glaciers’ temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and changes in the South Mountain of Manas River Watershed by the method of object-oriented classification. And we discussed the reasons for these changes by making use of the temperature data of nearly 20 years (1987-2007). The results show that: (1) between 1990 and 2010, glaciers in the study area had retreated from 1442.32km2 to 710.54km2, and the overall area had decreased by 50.7%. (2) From 1990 to 2010, the main trend of the glacier change is retreating. Especially below the altitude of 4000m, the glacier area had decreased sharply, while above the altitude of 4000m, the change was relatively moderate. This phenomenon was much more obvious in the eastern area and relatively gentler in the western study area. (3) Since 1987, the increasing temperature was one of the main reasons for the continuous glacier retreatment.
Key words: Manas River Basin; glacier; dynamics; characteristics
GUO Peng , XU Liping , CHANG Cun . The Study of Glacier Dynamic Change in South Mountain of Manas River Watershed in the Past 20 Years[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2014 , 16(5) : 762 -768 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2014.00762
Fig.1 Study area of South Mountain in Manas river watershed图1 研究区示意图 |
Tab.1 Multi-scale segmentation parameters表1 多尺度分割参数 |
分割层 | 分割尺度 | 颜色参数 | 形状参数 | 波段的权重 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
色彩 | 形状 | 光滑度 | 紧致度 | ||||
第一层 | 30 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0,1,2,2,1,0,1 | |
第二层 | 10 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0,1,2,2,1,0,1 |
Tab.2 Parameter extraction of glacier表2 冰雪信息提取参数 |
年份 | NDSI | DEM高度(m) | 亮度 |
---|---|---|---|
1990 | ≥0.4 | ≥1000 | ≥45 |
2000 | ≥0.6 | ≥1000 | ≥45 |
2005 | ≥0.4 | ≥1000 | ≥45 |
2010 | ≥0.5 | ≥1000 | ≥45 |
Fig.2 Standard deviational ellipse图2 标准差椭圆示意图[18] |
Tab.3 Glacier area variations of the east study area from 1990 to 2010表3 1990-2010年研究区东区冰雪面积变化 |
年份 | 面积(km2) | 变化面积(km2) | 变化面积(%) | 变化速率(km2/a) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 326.87 | |||
2000 | 246.52 | –80.35 | –32.59 | –8.03 |
2005 | 183.54 | –62.99 | –34.32 | –12.60 |
2010 | 184.05 | 0.52 | 0.28 | 0.10 |
总计 | 940.98 | –142.82 | –66.63 | –20.53 |
Tab.4 Glacier area variations of the west study area from 1990 to 2010表4 1990-2010年研究区西区冰雪面积变化 |
年份 | 面积(km2) | 变化面积(km2) | 变化面积(%) | 变化速率(km2/a) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 1115.45 | |||
2000 | 437.40 | –678.05 | –155.02 | –67.81 |
2005 | 401.55 | –35.84 | –8.93 | –7.17 |
2010 | 526.49 | 124.93 | 23.73 | 24.99 |
总计 | 2480.88 | –588.96 | –140.22 | –49.99 |
Fig.3 Extraction results of glacier from 1990 to 2010图3 1990-2010年冰雪信息提取结果 |
Fig.4 Changes of the east glacier area from 1990 to 2010 in the South Mountain of Manas river watershed图4 1990-2010年的玛纳斯河流域南山冰雪东区面积变化 |
Fig.5 Changes of the west glacier area from 1990 to 2010 in the South Mountain of Manas river watershed图5 1990-2010年的玛纳斯河流域南山冰雪西区面积变化 |
Tab.5 The statistics of glacier changes in the east area from 1990 to 2010 in the South Mountain of Manas river watershed (km2)表5 1990-2010年间玛纳斯河流域南山东区冰雪东区面积统计表(km2) |
年份 | 4000m以上 | 3000~4000m | 2000~3000m | 总计 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 190.82 | 135.04 | 1.01 | 326.87 |
2000 | 133.89 | 112.57 | 0.06 | 246.52 |
2005 | 124.03 | 59.50 | 0.00 | 183.54 |
2010 | 125.56 | 58.49 | 0.00 | 184.05 |
Tab.6 The statistics of glacier changes in the west area from 1990 to 2010 in the South Mountain of Manas river watershed (km2)表6 1990-2010年间玛纳斯河流域南山西区冰雪东区面积统计表 |
年份 | 4000 m以上 | 3000~4000 m | 2000~3000 m | 总计 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 561.47 | 547.13 | 6.84 | 1115.45 |
2000 | 345.70 | 91.67 | 0.03 | 437.40 |
2005 | 328.01 | 73.54 | 0.00 | 401.55 |
2010 | 367.77 | 158.72 | 0.00 | 526.49 |
Fig.6 The annual average temperature process lines of Kensiwate图6 肯斯瓦特站年平均气温过程线 |
Tab.7 Decadal variations of glacier in study area during 1990-2010表7 研究区1990-2010年间的气温变化与冰雪变化统计 |
时段 | 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
---|---|---|---|
年均气温(℃) | 6.64 | 6.45 | 6.93 |
冰雪变化量(km2) | -758.39 | -98.83 | 125.45 |
Fig.7 Area variations of glacier in study area from 1990 to 2010图7 研究区1990-2010年冰雪面积变化过程 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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