Journal of Geo-information Science >
Urban Surface Energy Distribution and Related Characteristics: An Remote Sensing Based Research Applied to the International Livable Cities
Online published: 2014-09-04
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Variations in characteristics of urban surface energy are known to represent the urban ecosystem through relationships between its composition, function and feedback that influence the surface energy balance and lead to distinct urban energy distribution. To quantify the distinct urban energy distribution and furthermore to establish a standard ecosystem assessment indicator, the interpretation and comparison of the international "livable cities" are illustrated in this study. Spatial and temporal variations in the composition, function and feedback of the urban ecosystem are analyzed, and present us with following results: (1) the underlying impacts on the urban surface energy distribution are due to the differences among urban architecture (e.g. shape, volume), urban planning schemes (e.g. avenue, community), and thermal admittance (e.g. albedo, open space); (2) canopy complexity in the surrounding environment, between buildings, in city parks and other open spaces are essential to the surface energy balance. The international "livable cities" show the similarity that there are large-scale and low-density residential areas around the inner city (or metropolitan areas) with medium surface energy values as buffer and transition zones from urban to non-urban areas; (3) land surface energy change in urban open space is greater than metropolitan areas, and the proportional distribution of urban open space shows higher ratio of low-medium surface energy in the international "livable cities"; and (4) high surface energy areas are displayed with relatively smaller and more scattered pattern. Knowledge of the quantification of the surface energy and ecosystem assessment indicator are necessary for a better understanding of urban surface energy balance and are imperative for urban planning schemes.
GUAN Yanning , QIAN Dan , ZHANG Chunyan , CAI Danlu , LIU Xuying , GUO Shan . Urban Surface Energy Distribution and Related Characteristics: An Remote Sensing Based Research Applied to the International Livable Cities[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2014 , 16(5) : 806 -814 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2014.00806
Fig. 1 Framework of impact factors and assessment indicators for the urban ecosystem图1 城市生态系统影响因子和评价指标研究框架 |
Fig. 2 Geographical distribution of relative surface energy for different urban elements图2 不同城市要素类型的相对地表能量特征 |
Fig. 3 Geographical distribution of relative surface energy for different morphologic combinations图3 不同城市组团方式的相对地表能量特征 |
Fig. 4 Geographical distribution of relative surface energy for different spatial assignments图4 不同城市空间配置的相对地表能量特征 |
Fig. 5 Geographical distribution of relative surface energy in Munich and Zurich图5 慕尼黑、苏黎世市的相对地表能量分布 |
Fig. 6 Geographical distribution of relative surface energy in Seattle and Portland图6 西雅图、波特兰市的相对地表能量分布 |
Fig. 7 Urban dynamics in terms of relative surface energy图7 城市地表能量动态变化特征 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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