Journal of Geo-information Science >
Growth Model Driven Individual Tree 3D Dynamic Simulation of Cunninghamia lanceolata
Received date: 2014-07-15
Request revised date: 2014-11-27
Online published: 2015-06-10
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Virtual plant is a potentially powerful tool for analyzing plant growth processes and the relationship between plant growth and environment. In order to provide an intuitive representation of forest growth and be adaptive to forest management at a deeper level, the forest growth model should be integrated with 3D tree architectural model. Individual tree growth simulation is the foundation of the simulation of forest ecosystem. The aim of this study was to link an empirical forest growth model and a 3D architectural model to dynamically simulate growth processes of an individual tree. Individual-level simulation of Cunninghamia lanceolata was implemented by integrating a 3D parametric model and a distance-independent individual tree growth dynamics model. The 3D parametric model was created in ParaTree, a system developed by our work group. First of all, according to the morphological characteristics of Cunninghamia lanceolata, parametric modeling method is adopted to generate a 3D model. Then the tree height, diameter at breast height, height under branch, and the whorls of branches are predicted in the growth model based on a site quality, planting density and age. Geometric descriptive parameters of 3D tree model are then updated according to the architectural parameters. Finally, the parametric curve is applied to adjust stem diameter and tree diameter, the length of the branches, branching angle and so on to make the model change with tree growth. Taking the forest resources inventory data of Wuyi forest farm of Zhangping in Fujian for an example, we simulate the growth dynamics of Cunninghamia lanceolata and express the global morphological structure characteristics at each growth stage. The growth at average of individual trees in a forest stand was represented intuitively by the means. Linking the parameters of 3D model to some existing tree empirical growth models is conducive to reuse a lot of growth models .
TANG Liyu , WANG Lingxia , CHEN Chongcheng , CHEN Qi . Growth Model Driven Individual Tree 3D Dynamic Simulation of Cunninghamia lanceolata[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2015 , 17(6) : 668 -674 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2015.00668
Fig. 1 Morphological structure parameters of Cunninghamia lanceolata图1 杉木的形态结构参数示意图 |
Fig. 2 Curve for controlling branching angle图2 分枝角分布控制曲线 |
Fig. 3 The flowchart of dynamic growth simulation for Cunninghamia lanceolata图3 杉木动态生长模拟流程图 |
Fig. 4 Illustration of the linkage of tree architectural parameters with its 3D model图4 树木形态参数与三维模型关联示意图 |
Tab.1 Comparison of data between the simulated values and the actual values表1 杉木模拟值与实际值对比 |
年龄 | 初始值 | 预测值(15 a生) | 预测值(20 a生) | 实际值(15 a生) | 实际值(20 a生) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
胸径(cm) | 树高(m) | 胸径(cm) | 树高(m) | 胸径(cm) | 树高(m) | 胸径(cm) | 树高(m) | 胸径(cm) | 树高(m) | |||||
4 | 3.1 | 4.5 | 13.9 | 10.6 | 16.6 | 12.0 | 12.9 | 10.7 | 15.7 | 11.5 | ||||
7 | 5.7 | 4.7 | 15.1 | 13.1 | 18.3 | 14.9 | 14.5 | 13.2 | 17.7 | 14.4 | ||||
8 | 6.9 | 4.7 | 15.0 | 13.0 | 18.2 | 14.8 | 14.4 | 13.0 | 17.6 | 14.3 | ||||
10 | 10.1 | 6.8 | 15.2 | 13.2 | 18.3 | 15.0 | 14.7 | 13.4 | 17.7 | 14.7 | ||||
10 | 10.3 | 7.1 | 15.3 | 13.2 | 18.4 | 15.0 | 14.8 | 13.4 | 17.9 | 14.9 | ||||
10 | 12.2 | 8.6 | 17.0 | 15.1 | 19.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 14.9 | 19.7 | 16.6 | ||||
10 | 10.6 | 7.8 | 15.5 | 13.3 | 18.5 | 15.0 | 15.5 | 13.2 | 18.2 | 15.0 | ||||
11 | 5.5 | 4.5 | 11.0 | 10.6 | 15.8 | 13.5 | 10.5 | 9.7 | 14.6 | 12.6 | ||||
12 | 8.7 | 6.3 | 12.4 | 11.5 | 16.6 | 14.0 | 11.6 | 10.2 | 15.7 | 13.4 | ||||
12 | 9.8 | 8.1 | 13.2 | 12.0 | 17.1 | 14.3 | 12.7 | 10.9 | 16.3 | 13.7 | ||||
… | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
Fig. 5 Parameters of Cunninghamia lanceolata before and after the growth simulation图5 杉木生长模拟前后参数 |
Fig. 6 Models of Cunninghamia lanceolata simulations in different stages图6 不同生长阶段杉木的模型 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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