Journal of Geo-information Science >
Research on the Heritage Sequence of Chinese Ancient, Near-modern and Modern Cartography
Received date: 2015-07-13
Request revised date: 2015-09-13
Online published: 2016-01-10
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This paper researched the heritage sequence of Chinese ancient, near-modern and modern cartography, including two heritage aspects of cartographic theory-technologies and map data. The five most important and influential items of Chinese ancient cartography that have impacts on the near-modern cartography were the method of “counting distance and drawing maps according to affine squares”, the “Six Key-Point of Mapping” by Pei Xiu in the West-Jin dynasty, Jia Dan’s mapping method and map products in Tang dynasty, Shen Kuo’s 24 directions and “Seven Method of Mapping” in Song dynasty, and Zhu Siben’s cartographic theory, technologies and map products. There were three cartographic heritage lines in Ming dynasty, i.e., the heritage line of traditional territory and national mapping, the heritage line of nautical and coastal defense mapping, and the heritage line of embryonic stage of Chinese near-modern cartography after the introduction of western mapping technologies. As for the Qing dynasty, there were five cartographic heritage lines, which were the emperor sponsored national mapping, the non-governmental national mapping, the world map compilation, the nautical map compilation, and the engineering map making. And in the publican period, there were six cartographic heritage lines, which were the map making through private publishing houses, the edition of thematic maps, the nautical and sea & river route navigation mapping, the engineering map making, the topographic map making, and the map making for military affairs. In the modern society, the Chinese ancient and near-modern cartographic achievements are meaningful and helpful to the historical research and cultural relic exploration, while having some difficulties in map re-use, thus further research is necessary on the re-use of these maps. From the aspect of map representation, there is a tendency that the ancient and near-modern cartographic method would return to the modern cartography, but this is like a spiral rise of scientific development, representing a process of the negation of negation for the Chinese cartographic heritage and development from the ancient time to modern society.
QI Qingwen . Research on the Heritage Sequence of Chinese Ancient, Near-modern and Modern Cartography[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2016 , 18(1) : 2 -13 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2016.00002
Fig. 1 The heritage diagram of Chinese ancient cartography and its impact on near-modern cartography图1 中国古代地图学传承脉络及其对近代地图学的影响 |
Fig. 2 The heritage diagram of the Chinese cartography in Ming dynasty图2 中国明代地图学的传承脉络 |
Fig. 3 The traditional territory map of Ming dynasty and the heritage relationships between three mapping representations of the national scale map in Ming dynasty图3 明代传统疆域地图和全国地图的分支的3个典型代表之间的传承 |
Fig. 4 The development and branching of Chinese near-modern cartography after the introduction of western mapping techniques图4 引入西方制图技术后的中国近代地图萌芽分支 |
Fig. 5 The heritage diagram of the Chinese cartography in Qing dynasty图5 中国清代地图学的传承脉络 |
Fig. 6 The heritage diagram for the representative national mapping products sponsored by government in Qing Dynasty图6 清代皇家主导的全图制图代表性成果之间的传承 |
Fig. 7 The heritage diagram for the representative national mapping products non-governmentally sponsored in Qing Dynasty图7 民间自发的全国地图编制的代表成果之间的传承 |
Fig. 8 Heritage diagram of Chinese cartography in the republican period图8 民国时期中国地图学的传承脉络 |
Fig. 9 Representative map products in the republican period图9 民国时期的代表地图成果 |
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