Journal of Geo-information Science >
Study of Land Use Change and Eco-environmental Response in the Core Area ofMid-route of South-to-north Water Transfer Project
Received date: 2016-07-10
Request revised date: 2016-09-12
Online published: 2017-01-13
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Taking Xichuan in the core water source area of the middle route of south-to-north water diversion project as a case, this study obtained land use data of Xichuan by interpreting TM(2004) and GF1(2014) image data and quantitatively analyzed land use change of Xichuan from 2004 to 2014. The effects of land use change on ecological environment in Xichuan during the study period were evaluated by using the model of ecological environment quality at regional scale. Moreover, the driving factors of the change in ecological environment quality in Xichuan were analyzed using the gray correlation method. The results showed that: during 2004 to 2014, the area of forest land, construction land and water increased, and the area of farmland decreased. Also, the evolution trend of forest land, woodland, shrub land and nursery garden was consistent with the overall evolution pattern of forest resources. However, suitable land for forest, non timber forest land, unwoodland showed a decreasing trend. In the spatial distribution, forest land was mainly distributed in the northern mountainous area, with the high altitude, the steep slope. Farmland and construction land were mostly distributed in southeast area, with the low altitude, the relatively gentle slope. In the 2004 and 2014, the ecological environment quality of Xichuan both showed obvious spatial difference, and showed the distribution trend of north high and south low. During the study period, the regional ecological environment quality index of Xichuan increased from 0.5443 to 0.6039, and the quality of ecological environment was improved. Moreover, the contribution of suitable land for forest and non timber forest land being converted into forest land, and returning farmland to forests to the improvement of regional ecological environment was the most greatest. The ecological environment in some areas was the negative development. The negative impact of predatory exploitation, extensive management and deforestation on the ecological environment was the most profound. During 2004 to 2014, the change of ecological environment quality in Xichuan was mainly driven by the policy and the resident' pursuit of maximizing the benefits.
YIN Gelan , SHAO Jing′an , GUO Yue , DANG Yongfeng , XU Xinliang . Study of Land Use Change and Eco-environmental Response in the Core Area ofMid-route of South-to-north Water Transfer Project[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2017 , 19(1) : 59 -69 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2017.00059
Tab. 1 Classification of land use types and evaluation of ecological environment index表1 土地利用类型分类及其生态环境赋值 |
一级分类 | 二级分类 | 生态质量赋值 |
---|---|---|
林地 | 有林地 | 0.95 |
疏林地 | 0.45 | |
灌木林地 | 0.65 | |
未成林造林地 | 0.40 | |
苗圃地 | 0.40 | |
宜林地和无立木林地 | 0.05 | |
非林地 | 建设用地 | 0.20 |
耕地 | 0.28 | |
水域 | 0.61 |
Fig. 1 Topography and slope in the study site图1 研究区高程和坡度图 |
Tab. 2 The main types of land use change in the study area during 2004-2014表2 研究区2004-2014年土地利用变化主要类型 |
地类 | 2004年 | 2014年 | 2004-2014年 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
面积/hm2 | 比例/% | 面积/hm2 | 比例/% | 面积变化/hm2 | 面积变化幅度/% | 比例/% | |||
有林地 | 100 989.56 | 35.84 | 120 646.00 | 42.81 | 19 656.44 | 19.46 | 6.97 | ||
疏林地 | 2313.66 | 0.82 | 2335.00 | 0.83 | 21.34 | 0.92 | 0.01 | ||
灌木林地 | 4625.65 | 1.64 | 4674.87 | 1.66 | 49.22 | 1.06 | 0.02 | ||
未成林造林地 | 2334.04 | 0.83 | 801.08 | 0.28 | -1532.96 | -65.68 | -0.55 | ||
苗圃地 | 180.00 | 0.06 | 201.21 | 0.07 | 21.21 | 11.78 | 0.01 | ||
宜林地和无立木林地 | 25 261.09 | 8.96 | 8895.92 | 3.16 | -16 365.17 | -64.78 | -5.80 | ||
建设用地 | 16 691.69 | 5.92 | 16 894.00 | 5.99 | 202.31 | 1.21 | 0.07 | ||
耕地 | 94 360.94 | 33.49 | 92 180.23 | 32.71 | -2180.71 | -2.31 | -0.78 | ||
水域 | 35 055.75 | 12.44 | 35 184.07 | 12.49 | 128.32 | 0.37 | 0.05 |
Tab. 3 land use type area transfer matrix of Xichuan in 2004-2014 (hm2)表3 2004-2014年淅川县土地利用面积转移矩阵(hm2) |
土地利用类型 | 有林地 | 疏林地 | 灌木林地 | 未成林 造林地 | 苗圃地 | 宜林地和无立木林地 | 建设用地 | 耕地 | 水域 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
有林地 | 100 550.66 | 2.71 | 229.69 | 34.03 | 171.09 | 1.38 | |||
疏林地 | 14.82 | 2298.18 | 0.16 | 0.50 | |||||
灌木林地 | 4625.65 | ||||||||
未成林造林地 | 1713.33 | 3.46 | 481.50 | 0.43 | 135.32 | ||||
苗圃地 | 180.00 | ||||||||
宜林地和无立木林地 | 15 224.38 | 30.14 | 37.87 | 195.34 | 21.21 | 8665.46 | 25.07 | 1015.39 | 46.23 |
建设用地 | 79.16 | 0.77 | 16 545.52 | 55.79 | 10.45 | ||||
耕地 | 3054.10 | 6.68 | 5.18 | 124.24 | 288.67 | 90 798.05 | 84.02 | ||
水域 | 9.55 | 0.12 | 4.09 | 35 041.99 |
Fig. 2 Spatial pattern of land use type of Xichuan in 2004 and 2014图2 淅川县2004年和2014年各土地利用类型空间格局 |
Tab. 4 Ecological environment qualityindex of land use type表4 各土地利用类型的生态环境质量指数 |
土地利用类型 | 2004年生态环境 质量指数 | 2014年生态环境 质量指数 |
---|---|---|
有林地 | 0.3404 | 0.4067 |
疏林地 | 0.0037 | 0.0037 |
灌木林地 | 0.0107 | 0.0108 |
未成林造林地 | 0.0033 | 0.0011 |
苗圃地 | 0.0003 | 0.0003 |
宜林地和无立木林地 | 0.0045 | 0.0016 |
建设用地 | 0.0118 | 0.0120 |
耕地 | 0.0938 | 0.0916 |
水域 | 0.0759 | 0.0762 |
汇总 | 0.5443 | 0.6039 |
Fig. 3 Spatial pattern of ecological environment quality of Xichuan in 2004 and 2014图3 淅川县2004年和2014生态环境质量空间格局 |
Tab. 5 Main land use change and contribution rate to influence study area ecological environment表5 致使淅川县生态环境改善和恶化的主要土地利用变化类型及生态贡献率 |
主要土地利用变化类型 | 生态贡献率 | 占贡献率的百分比/% | 主要土地利用变化类型 | 生态贡献率 | 占贡献率的百分比% | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
致使 生态 环境 改善 | 宜林地和无立木林地-有林地 | 0.04862 | 79.82 | 致使 生态 环境 恶化 | 有林地-宜林地和无立木林地 | 0.00073 | 53.15 |
宜林地和无立木林地-未成林造林地 | 0.00024 | 0.40 | 有林地-建设用地 | 0.00009 | 6.56 | ||
宜林地和无立木林地-耕地 | 0.00083 | 1.36 | 有林地-耕地 | 0.00041 | 29.47 | ||
耕地-有林地 | 0.00726 | 11.92 | 未成林造林地-耕地 | 0.00006 | 4.17 | ||
未成林造林地-有林地 | 0.00334 | 5.49 | 耕地-建设用地 | 0.00008 | 5.93 | ||
汇总 | 0.06030 | 98.99 | 汇总 | 0.00137 | 99.28 |
Tab. 6 The analysis of driving factors of degraded primary forest evolution in the study site表6 研究区生态环境质量变化的驱动因素指标体系 |
因素 | 指标 |
---|---|
人口 | 年末总人口 x1 |
乡村从业人口 x2 | |
从事农林牧渔的人口 x3 | |
社会经济 | GDP x4 |
第一产业增加值 x5 | |
第二产业增加值 x6 | |
规模以上工业企业个数 x7 | |
城乡居民储蓄存款 x8 | |
农民人均纯收入 x9 | |
劳均耕地量变化 x10 | |
全国平均非农工资水平 x11 | |
城市化水平 | 城镇化率 x12 |
政策 | 林业工程建设面积(包括退耕还林、 生态公益林等工程建设) x13 |
Fig. 4 Driving factors correlation degree of ecological environment quality change in Xichuan图4 导致淅川县生态环境质量变化的主要土地利用类型变化驱动因子关联度 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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