Journal of Geo-information Science >
The Prediction of Beijing Urban Growth Boundary
Received date: 2016-06-21
Request revised date: 2016-08-16
Online published: 2017-04-20
Copyright
Urban growth boundary (UGB) is an effective tool to control urban sprawl. China has carried out the UGB delineation for 14 cities since 2014. UGB includes rigid boundary and elastic boundary. The rigid boundary is an external constraint line and the elastic boundary is the developing line of the interior. In this study, from the angle of the urban endogenous development motivation, we selected 6 types of influence factors such as nature, population economy, location, neighborhood, land use type and policy planning, totally 18 factors. We tried to use genetic algorithms, CA and BP neural network to establish the UGB model to define Beijing elastic boundary. From the angle of ecological carrying capacity of land, we selected terrain, topography, parks and water, land use status, urban land distance and nature reserves as the influence factors and we tried to use construction land suitability evaluation method to define Beijing rigid boundary. The results show that by using our urban growth boundary model to predict Beijing elastic urban growth boundary, the percent area match was 96%, kappa value is 0.812, the UGB Model accuracy is good and the prediction area of Beijing elastic UGB is 1738.98 square kilometers. Through the suitability evaluation, the rigid boundary area is 3297.01 square kilometers.
HU Yecui , FU Ling , LI Qi . The Prediction of Beijing Urban Growth Boundary[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2017 , 19(4) : 486 -492 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2017.00486
Fig. 1 The network structure of the model图1 模型网络结构 |
Tab. 1 The factor and weight of construction land suitability evaluation表1 建设用地适宜性评价因子及权重 |
因子 | 适宜级别 | 分类条件 | 单因子得分 | 权重 |
---|---|---|---|---|
坡度/° | 不适宜 | ≥25 | 1 | |
较不适宜 | 15~25 | 2 | 0.21 | |
适宜 | 5~15 | 3 | ||
很适宜 | 0~5 | 4 | ||
高程/m | 不适宜 | ≥1000 | 1 | |
较不适宜 | 500~1000 | 2 | 0.11 | |
适宜 | 100~400 | 3 | ||
很适宜 | 0~100 | 4 | ||
公园水面/m | 不适宜 | 0~200 | 1 | |
较不适宜 | 200~500 | 2 | 0.13 | |
适宜 | 500~1000 | 3 | ||
很适宜 | >1000 | 4 | ||
土地利用现状 | 不适宜 | 耕地、水域 | 1 | |
较不适宜 | 林草地 | 2 | 0.23 | |
适宜 | 其他用地 | 3 | ||
很适宜 | 城镇用地、农村居民点 | 4 | ||
自然保护区/m | 不适宜 | 0~500 | 1 | |
较不适宜 | 500~800 | 2 | 0.07 | |
适宜 | 800~1000 | 3 | ||
很适宜 | >1000 | 4 | ||
城镇用地/m | 不适宜 | >3000 | 1 | |
较不适宜 | 2000~3000 | 2 | 0.25 | |
适宜 | 1000~2000 | 3 | ||
很适宜 | 0~1000 | 4 |
Tab. 2 Area matching values for different directions表2 方向上的面积匹配值 |
方向 | 范围/° | 预测2015年改变面积/km2 | 实际2015年改变面积/km2 | 面积匹配值/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
东北 | 0~0 | 89.37 | 89.26 | 100 |
西北 | 90~180 | 87.29 | 100.18 | 87 |
西南 | 180~270 | 87.10 | 93.38 | 93 |
东南 | 270~360 | 100.72 | 98.53 | 102 |
全部 | 0~360 | 364.48 | 381.35 | 96 |
Fig. 2 The predicted land-use map of Beijing in 2025图2 预测2025年北京市土地利用类型图 |
Fig. 3 The results of suitability evaluation of construction land图3 建设用地适宜性评价结果 |
Tab. 3 The classification of suitability evaluation results表3 适宜性评价结果分类表 |
适宜度评价 | 分值 | 面积/km2 | 占总量比值/% |
---|---|---|---|
适宜建设区 | 3.3-4.0 | 2395.36 | 14.63 |
比较适宜建设区 | 2.6-3.3 | 2410.45 | 14.72 |
限制建设区 | 2.1-2.6 | 8486.93 | 51.83 |
禁止建设区 | 1.1-2.1 | 3081.56 | 18.82 |
Fig. 4 The elastic boundary extension situation of Beijing图4 北京市弹性边界扩张情况图 |
Tab. 4 The change of each district area in Beijing elastic boundaries (km2)表4 北京市弹性边界内各区面积变化表(km2) |
年份 | 丰台区 | 石景山区 | 通州区 | 朝阳区 | 海淀区 | 昌平区 | 大兴区 | 房山区 | 门头沟区 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005 2015 2025 | 188.43 222.85 238.30 | 60.99 64.80 66.37 | 77.32 132.53 175.75 | 318.43 370.02 406.05 | 195.66 220.43 253.04 | 88.80 129.78 153.34 | 137.51 198.44 232.90 | 4.82 6.93 76.36 | 34.50 41.44 50.77 |
Fig. 5 Beijing urban growth rigid boundary图5 北京市刚性边界图 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
[1] |
[
|
[2] |
[
|
[3] |
[
|
[4] |
[
|
[5] |
[
|
[6] |
[
|
[7] |
[
|
[8] |
[
|
[9] |
[
|
[10] |
[
|
[11] |
|
[12] |
[
|
[13] |
|
[14] |
|
[15] |
[
|
[16] |
|
[17] |
|
/
〈 | 〉 |