Journal of Geo-information Science >
Spatial-temporal Evolution of Urban Heat Island Effects in Changsha City
Received date: 2016-07-22
Request revised date: 2016-11-09
Online published: 2017-04-20
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This study used 9 scenes of Landsat TM / ETM images from 1991-2015 in Changsha to retrieve the land surface temperature of built-area of Changsha City and extract the land use/cover types. Combined with the related data, the characteristics of temporal and spatial variation of urban heat island (UHI) effects in Changsha City and the relationship between UHI and urban land use/cover change were analyzed. The results show that the extent of UHI in Changsha increased with the expansion of built-up area, and the spatial and temporal evolution of heat island was consistent with the trend of built-up area. During 1991-1996, the UHI in the east of Changsha city developed rapidly. In 1996, the eastern heat island area increased by 53.54 km2. Then, the UHI extended to the west with the increased area of 39.88 km2 as a result of the extension of city built-up area between 1996-2003. In 2003-2007, the UHI extended to the west and south rapidly, during which the heat island area increased about 33.55 km2. After 2007, the urban area and UHI of Changsha began to expand all-around. In addition, great changes have occurred in the land use/cover types of Changsha. Large area of green land was changed into building land and farmland, which greatly affected the spatial distribution of the land surface temperature (LST). Temperature difference between different land types was reduced significantly. The great capacity of heat absorption of water was obviously reflected. Construction land and bare land made great contributions to the LST.
YE Yu , QIN Jianxin , HU Shunshi . Spatial-temporal Evolution of Urban Heat Island Effects in Changsha City[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2017 , 19(4) : 518 -527 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2017.00518
Fig 1 Location of the study area图1 研究区位置示意图 |
Tab.1 Remote sensing data used in this study表1 本文所使用的遥感数据 |
序号 | 条带号 | 传感器类型 | 成像时间 | 含云量/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 123/40和123/41 | TM | 1991-07-19 | 0和1 |
2 | 123/40和123/41 | TM | 1996-09-18 | 11和0 |
3 | 123/40和123/41 | TM | 2000-07-27 | 10和14 |
4 | 123/40和123/41 | ETM+ | 2001-07-22 | 4和13 |
5 | 123/40和123/41 | ETM+ | 2003-07-28 | 0和0 |
6 | 123/40和123/41 | ETM+ | 2005-08-02 | 4和7 |
7 | 123/40和123/41 | ETM+ | 2007-08-08 | 1和2 |
8 | 123/40和123/41 | ETM+ | 2011-07-02 | 12和24 |
9 | 123/40和123/41 | ETM+ | 2015-07-29 | 2和8 |
Tab.2 The verification of retrieval表2 反演结果验证 |
站名 | 区站号 | 经度/°E | 纬度/°N | 年份 | 实测温度/℃ | LST/℃ | 绝对误差/℃ | 相对误差 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
长沙 | 57687 | 112.92 | 28.22 | 1991 | 29.5 | 31.03 | 1.53 | 0.05 |
马坡岭 | 57679 | 113.08 | 28.2 | 29.9 | 30.88 | 0.98 | 0.03 | |
长沙 | 57687 | 112.92 | 28.22 | 1996 | 26.4 | 29.19 | 2.79 | 0.11 |
马坡岭 | 57679 | 113.08 | 28.2 | 26.20 | 27.26 | 1.06 | 0.04 | |
长沙 | 57687 | 112.92 | 28.22 | 2000 | 30.2 | 28.94 | -1.26 | -0.04 |
马坡岭 | 57679 | 113.08 | 28.2 | 20.5 | 28.26 | -2.24 | -0.07 | |
长沙 | 57687 | 112.92 | 28.22 | 2001 | 30.5 | 31.83 | 1.33 | 0.04 |
马坡岭 | 57679 | 113.08 | 28.2 | 30.9 | 30.73 | -0.17 | -0.01 | |
长沙 | 57687 | 112.92 | 28.22 | 2003 | 31.8 | 35.66 | 3.86 | 0.12 |
马坡岭 | 57679 | 113.08 | 28.2 | 31.6 | 34.17 | 2.57 | 0.08 | |
长沙 | 57687 | 112.92 | 28.22 | 2005 | 27.3 | 30.41 | 3.11 | 0.11 |
马坡岭 | 57679 | 113.08 | 28.2 | 27.5 | 28.72 | 1.22 | 0.04 | |
长沙 | 57687 | 112.92 | 28.22 | 2007 | 29.6 | 31.86 | 2.26 | 0.08 |
马坡岭 | 57679 | 113.08 | 28.2 | 29.5 | 30.58 | 1.08 | 0.04 | |
长沙 | 57687 | 112.92 | 28.22 | 2011 | 30.5 | 30.97 | 0.47 | 0.02 |
马坡岭 | 57679 | 113.08 | 28.2 | 30.5 | 29.93 | -0.57 | -0.02 | |
长沙 | 57687 | 112.92 | 28.22 | 2015 | 26.2 | 30.86 | 4.66 | 0.18 |
马坡岭 | 57679 | 113.08 | 28.2 | 26.2 | 30.37 | 4.17 | 0.16 |
Fig. 2 LST distribution for Changsha from 1991 to 2015图2 1991-2015长沙市建成区地表温度分布情况 |
Tab.3 The range of different LST intervals表3 地表温度等级划分 |
温度等级 | 区间 | 范围 |
---|---|---|
#7 | 极高温区 | |
#6 | 高温区 | |
#5 | 次高温区 | |
#4 | 中温区 | |
#3 | 次中温区 | |
#2 | 次低温区 | |
#1 | 低温区 |
注:表示地表温度;表示地表温度平均值;是标准差 |
Fig.3 Comparison of the distribution of UHI in Changsha during 1991-2015图3 1991-2015年长沙市热岛各阶段分布情况对比 |
Tab.4 The transfer matrix of land covers in 1991 and 2015(km2)表4 1991年和2015年土地利用/覆盖转移矩阵(km2) |
2015年 | 1991年 | 合计 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
林地 | 耕地 | 水体 | 建设用地 | 裸地及其他 | ||
林地 | 890.48 | 103.78 | 10.25 | 19.29 | 130.64 | 1154.44 |
耕地 | 486.81 | 715.78 | 86.92 | 111.05 | 273.54 | 1674.10 |
水体 | 10.59 | 12.16 | 122.84 | 6.33 | 3.55 | 155.47 |
建筑用地 | 223.66 | 202.00 | 36.85 | 122.06 | 173.26 | 757.83 |
裸地及其他 | 46.16 | 38.06 | 4.96 | 10.15 | 28.86 | 128.19 |
Fig.4 The changes of land use/cover type area from 1991 to 2015图4 1991-2015年各土地利用/覆盖类型面积变化情况(km2) |
Tab.5 Average normalized LST (mean±S.D) associated with land covers表5 各土地利用/覆盖类型的地表温度特征 |
土地类型 | 归一化温度 | ||
---|---|---|---|
1991年 | 2007年 | 2015年 | |
林地 | |||
耕地 | |||
水体 | |||
建设用地 | |||
裸地及其他 |
Fig.5 Variations of the land cover proportion and the average normalized LST with distance图5 各土地覆盖类型面积比重及归一化平均温度随距离变化情况 |
Tab.6 The transfer matrix of land covers from 1991 to 2015(%)表6 1991和2015年各温度等级区不同土地利用/覆盖面积比例(%) |
土地类型 | 低温区 | 中温区 | 高温区 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1991年 | 2007年 | 2015年 | 1991年 | 2007年 | 2015年 | 1991年 | 2007年 | 2015年 | |
林地 | 19.38 | 26.89 | 22.15 | 56.79 | 35.81 | 37.88 | 2.62 | 3.89 | 1.56 |
耕地 | 76.60 | 49.06 | 24.44 | 28.06 | 53.42 | 55.37 | 21.10 | 10.25 | 10.86 |
水体 | 3.81 | 20.20 | 48.61 | 5.80 | 4.81 | 1.30 | 4.11 | 0.15 | 0.18 |
建设用地 | 0.03 | 3.21 | 4.79 | 0.74 | 2.30 | 4.42 | 32.85 | 59.45 | 74.62 |
裸地及其他 | 0.18 | 0.64 | 0.01 | 8.65 | 3.66 | 1.03 | 39.33 | 26.27 | 12.78 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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