Journal of Geo-information Science >
Historical GIS Data Model under Geographic and Historical Perspectives
Received date: 2018-01-02
Request revised date: 2018-04-22
Online published: 2018-06-20
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41771421, 41601412
National Key Research and Development Program of China, No.2016YFBO502300, 2016YFF0201304
Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, No.164320H116
Copyright
In recent years, more and more historians and historical geographers have begun to focus on applying GIS technology, and conducted extensive explorations in the research and construction of historical GIS databases and information systems. However, most of these researches are technology-dominated applications. The organization of historical information and historical geographic information mostly focuses on specific topics or applications, lacking data model for the historical GIS basic software. From the dual perspectives of geography and history, this paper is based on the four elements of history: time, place, person, and event (from beginning to the end), integrating geography to emphasize the idea of the "man-earth relationship" and abstracting historical information into historical figures, events, features and scenes, as well as the relationships and experiences/processes. This paper proposed and designed a general historical GIS data model, discussed the composition, attribute, storage scheme of space-temporal objects, the relationship between spatial-temporal objects in the data model. In the application system, the validity of the model was verified by taking the storage and visualization of typical historical figures, events, features and scenes as examples.
HU Di , LV Guonian , JIANG Nan , CAO Weican , LIU Longyu , LI Yang . Historical GIS Data Model under Geographic and Historical Perspectives[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2018 , 20(6) : 713 -720 . DOI: 10.1208/dqxxkx.2018.180025
Fig. 1 Relationships between geography and history图1 地理与历史的联系 |
Fig. 2 Content understanding of historical information under geographic and historical perspectives图2 地理与历史视角下的历史信息内容理解 |
Fig. 3 Design ideas of historical GIS data model图3 历史GIS数据模型设计思路 |
Fig. 4 Definition of spatial-temporal objects图4 时空对象定义 |
Fig. 5 Symbol set of spatial-temporal extended object model图5 时空扩展对象模型符号集[20] |
Tab. 1 Symbol description of spatial-temporal extended object model表1 时空扩展对象模型符号说明[20] |
符号 | 说明 |
---|---|
S | 代表Spatial,表示未知确切类型的空间实体的几何类型 |
P | 表示几何点 |
L | 表示几何线 |
R | 表示几何面 |
T | 代表Time,表示时间 |
et | 表示存在时间。仅对对象有效 |
vt | 表示有效时间。对对象属性、关系有效 |
tt | 表示事务时间。对对象、对象属性、关系有效 |
bt | vt和tt结合的缩写,表示双时态时间 |
Group | 表示具有共同时间标记、空间范围或时空依赖的一组属性 |
ST | 表示具有时态的空间对象 |
Svt | 表示具有有效时间的空间对象 Pvt、Lvt、Rvt分别表示具有效时间的几何点、几何线、几何面 |
Stt | 表示具有事务时间的空间对象 Ptt、Ltt、Rtt分别表示具事务时间的几何点、几何线、几何面 |
Sbt | 表示具有双时态时间(有效时间和事务时间)的空间对象 Pbt、Lbt、Rbt分别表示具有双时态时间的几何点、几何线、几何面 |
Tab. 2 Common attribute of spatial-temporal objects表2 时空对象的通用属性 |
属性 | 说明 | |
---|---|---|
标识符 | 时空对象的唯一标识符 | |
T | 通用名称 | 时空对象的最常用的名称 |
T.* | 其他名称 | 时空对象的除通用名称之外的名称 |
T | 时间起止 | 时空对象生命周期的开始时间和结束时间 |
P.* | 地点起止 | 时空对象的空间范围多边形特征点集合 |
类型 | 时空对象的类型代码 | |
* | 特征标签 | 描述时空对象主要特征的简短文字 |
* | 语义定义 | 语义定义是对通用属性中的其他属性的定义 例如,对于历史人物对象,时间起止是指历史人物的出生时间和逝世时间 |
Fig. 6 Special attribute of spatio-temporal objects图6 时空对象的特有属性 |
Fig. 7 Relationship of core spatial-temporal objects图7 核心时空对象的关系 |
Fig. 8 XML storage format and XML segment of spatio-temporal objects图8 时空对象XML存储格式及示例XML片断 |
Fig. 9 Application cases图9 应用案例 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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