Journal of Geo-information Science >
Assessing the Spatial Layout Efficiency of basic Educational Resources by an Improved Coverage Model: A Case Study of Nanchang City, China
Received date: 2019-01-18
Request revised date: 2019-03-20
Online published: 2019-06-15
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41661114, 41301430
Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Ecological Security Issues of Jiangxi Province and Monitoring Implementation, No.JXS-EW-00
Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province Office of Education, No.GJJ13238
Teaching Reform Foundation of College and University Education in Jiangxi Province, No.JXJG-17-2-42
Opening Fund of Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, No.PK2016002
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:With the continuous improvement of people's material well-being, people's demands for educational qualities and equities also increase. It is a trend of China's educational reform to promote the integration of the compulsory educations in urban areas and rural areas. The study of educational resources has attracted growing interests. This paper firstly improved a coverage model; Then, based on the improved model and the proportional model-based fairness index, this paper quantitatively analyzed the spatial distribution and layout efficiency of the basic educational resources (i.e., the primary and middle schools) in 2018 of Nanchang City on the town/subdistrict scale. Results show that: (1) There are differences between the existing scale of primary and secondary schools in Nanchang City and the basic conditions of running schools in Jiangxi Province. The number of primary and secondary school class size in each jurisdiction area exceeds the standard. (2) The township with the most convenient access to primary and secondary education resources are located in Qingshanhu District and Xihu District, while the streets with the most convenient access to primary and secondary education resources are located in Honggutan District and Donghu District. (3) As to the coverage and overlap of the service areas of the primary and middle schools, they all show the core-periphery pattern. There exists a significant positive correlation between the coverage and overlap of the service areas. (4) For the spatial aggregation of the schools in Nanchang City, it is obviously stronger for the middle schools than the primary schools. Over half of the schools in towns/subdistricts, mostly located at the central urban regions, are of high-coverage and high-overlap. (5) With respect to the overall spatial layout efficiencies of the primary and middle schools, there also exists a significant difference among villages, towns, and subdistricts. The major layout type of the schools is the deviated type. The distribution of the basic educational resources is imbalanced. The situation of service areas of the primary and middle schools is bad in that they are of high-coverage, high-overlappe, low-coverage, or low-overlap. Further, the integrative service efficiency is low. To conclude, the current resource configuration and spatial layout of the primary and middle schools in Nanchang need to be substantially improved.
GUO Mengfang , HU Bisong . Assessing the Spatial Layout Efficiency of basic Educational Resources by an Improved Coverage Model: A Case Study of Nanchang City, China[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2019 , 21(6) : 875 -886 . DOI: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.190034.
Fig. 1 The Scope of study area and distribution of primary and secondary schools图1 研究区范围及中小学分布概况 |
Tab. 1 Levels of the fairness index of educational resources表1 教育资源公平性指数层次表 |
层次 | 公平性指数 | 建议 |
---|---|---|
1 | <-0.1 | 亟待改进 |
2 | -0.1~0 | 未来改进 |
3 | >0 | 暂时保持 |
Tab. 2 The weight coefficient and Index Value calculation of educational resources index variables in this study表2 教育资源指标变量权重系数及指标值计算 |
指标 | 生均占地面积 | 千人教师数 | 班额人数 | 合计 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
权重系数 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
计算方法 | 学校面积/学生总数 | 区域教师总数/区域学生总数 | (教师总数/人口总数)×1000 | 学生人数/班级数量 | - |
Tab. 3 Classification of the spatial efficiency of educational resources表3 教育资源布局效率等级划分 |
等级 | ISFSAC | 类型 | IMFSAC | 类型 | 调整思路 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ≥ 0 | 高效率 | ≤ 0 | 低重复率 | 保持 |
2 | -0.2~0 | 中等效率 | 0~0.2 | 中等重复率 | 完善 |
3 | ≤ -0.2 | 低效率 | ≥ 0.2 | 高重复率 | 改进 |
Fig. 2 Educational scale of schools of Nanchang municipal district in 2018图2 2018年南昌市市辖区中小学办学规模 |
Fig. 3 Fairness indexes of the educational resources of the primary and middle schools of Nanchang city in each town and subdistrict in 2018图3 2018年南昌市乡镇/街道中小学教育资源公平性指数 |
Fig. 4 Service area coverage of the schools in the towns/subdistricts of Nanchang city in 2018图4 2018年南昌市中小学教育资源服务区覆盖度 |
Fig. 5 Coverage efficiency of the schools in the towns/subdistricts of Nanchang city in 2018图5 2018年南昌市中小学教育资源服务区效率指数 |
Fig. 6 Service area overlaps of the schools in the towns/subdistricts of Nanchang city in 2018图6 2018年南昌市中小学教育资源服务区重复度 |
Fig. 7 Service area overlapping indexes of the schools in the towns/subdistricts of Nanchang city in 2018图7 2018年南昌市中小学教育资源服务区重复覆盖效率指数 |
Tab. 4 Classification of the integrative spatial efficiency of educational resources表4 教育资源布局效率综合评价等级划分 |
等级 | 覆盖度/重复度 | 综合类型 | 调整思路 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 高效率/低重复 | 优秀布局 | 继续维持 |
2 | 高效率/中等重复、中等效率/低重复 | 良好布局 | 适当完善 |
3 | 中等效率/中等重复 | 中等布局 | 有待改进 |
4 | 高效率/高重复、低效率&低重复 | 偏差布局 | 有待调整 |
5 | 中等效率/高重复、低效率/中等重复 | 较差布局 | 大幅改进 |
6 | 低效率/高重复 | 极差布局 | 亟待改进 |
Fig. 8 Integrative evaluation of the spatial layout efficiency of the basic educational resources of Nanchang city in 2018图8 2018年南昌市中小学教育资源布局效率综合评价 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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