Journal of Geo-information Science >
Sphere Geodesic Octree Grid Method for True Three-Dimensional Geological Model Construction
Received date: 2018-12-24
Request revised date: 2019-04-29
Online published: 2019-08-25
Supported by
Henan Science and Technology Project, No.152102210031(152102210031)
Key Research Projects of Basic Research Programs of Henan Higher Education Institutions(16A170003)
Open Fund of Engineering Technology Research Center of Geospatial Information and Digital Technology of National Bureau of Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information(SIDT2017501)
2018 Financial Planning Project of Henan Bureau of Geo-exploration & Mineral development, No.HNGM2018103(HNGM2018103)
Copyright
Three-dimensional (3D) modeling has always been the subject of research in earth information science. The 3D geological space expression can accurately reveal the spatial structure and distribution pattern of geological phenomena and processes. Under the background of spatiotemporal big data, the contemporary Digital Earth platform is facing new opportunities. The traditional 3D geological modeling methods have the following limitations: local small area, projection data, surface static modeling, difficult 3D spatial query and analysis, and unfavorable organization and management of spatiotemporal big data. The Earth Tessellation Grid provides a new solution to solving the above problems and building a new generation digital earth platform with its global omnidirectional perspective, cyclic recursive splitting mechanism, and organic flexible codec strategy. Taking the Zhengzhou Airport Economic Zone as an example, this paper established a regional true 3D geological model framework based on the Sphere Geodesic Octree Grid bricks (SGOG grids) and conducted spatial analysis using measured geological data. Firstly, the original data was preprocessed. It mainly included data reading, data encryption, and projection and coordinate transformation. Next, the geological data and the SGOG split data was matched. The true 3D geological framework was constructed by matching the brick nodes of SGOG specific splitting level with the geological envelope feature points. Then, the multi-scale and multi-story 3D models were established through vulnerability patching and shade rendering. Among them, the vulnerability filling was achieved by recombining the SGOG brick voxels by their coding logic, and the shaded rendering of the bricks was implemented by the OSG's rendering engine. Finally, based on the above, the spatial analysis of the true 3D geological model was conducted, including the true 3D profile analysis, digital drilling, and geometric feature parameter calculation. The profiles were established by judging the position of the brick relative to the section line, which included three types of warp, weft, and arbitrary lines. Digital drillings were constructed by determining the bricks where the center point of the drillings were located. By calculating the external surface area of the upper and lower bricks of the geological body model and the volume of all the bricks, the upper and lower surface area and volume were determined. The experimental results show that the modeling method proposed in this paper is not only simple in structure and easy to operate, but also suitable for complex and irregular geological bodies. It can flexibly express the precision and scale by using the multi-scale characteristics of SGOG bricks, and convenient for multi-angle true 3D spatial analysis. The earth tessellation grid is an inevitable trend in the development of the digital earth.
WANG Jinxin , ZHAO Guangcheng , LU Fengnian , ZHANG Gubin , ZENG Tao , QIAO Tianrong . Sphere Geodesic Octree Grid Method for True Three-Dimensional Geological Model Construction[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2019 , 21(8) : 1161 -1169 . DOI: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.180682
图4 真三维地质模型渲染实例(第14层瓦块)Fig. 4 A true 3D geological model rendering example (14th layer bricks) |
图5 真三维地质模型渲染实例(第15层瓦块)Fig. 5 A true 3D geological model rendering example (15th layer bricks) |
图6 真三维地质模型渲染实例(第16层瓦块)Fig. 6 A true 3D geological model rendering example (16th layer bricks) |
表1 多尺度及自适应多尺度地质真三维建模效率比较Tab. 1 Comparison of the multi-scale and adaptive multi-scale geological true 3D modeling efficiencies |
剖分层次 | 瓦块数/个 | 建模时间/s |
---|---|---|
14 | 2144 | 1.58 |
15 | 8267 | 2.96 |
16 | 32 520 | 8.55 |
17 | 128 929 | 27.42 |
自适应多尺度 | 41 204 | 8.76 |
表2 一些地质体几何特征参数Tab. 2 Some geological body geometric parameters |
地层名称 | 剖分层次 | 上表面面积/km2 | 上表面面积差值/km2 | 下表面面积/km2 | 下表面面积差值/km2 | 体积/km3 | 体积差值/km3 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
地层一 | 15 | 660.17 | 660.13 | 141.63 | |||
16 | 649.17 | 11.00 | 649.13 | 11.00 | 138.29 | 3.34 | |
17 | 643.48 | 5.69 | 643.44 | 5.69 | 136.59 | 1.70 | |
地层二 | 15 | 660.13 | 660.11 | 43.00 | |||
16 | 649.13 | 11.00 | 649.12 | 11.01 | 41.25 | 1.75 | |
17 | 643.44 | 5.69 | 643.43 | 5.69 | 40.42 | 0.83 | |
地层三 | 15 | 660.03 | 660.01 | 70.10 | |||
16 | 649.10 | 10.93 | 649.07 | 10.94 | 68.14 | 1.96 | |
17 | 643.40 | 5.68 | 643.40 | 5.67 | 67.35 | 0.79 |
[1] |
何满朝, 李学元, 刘斌 , 等. 侵入性岩体三维可视化构模技术研究[J]. 煤田地质与勘探, 2004,32(4):29-32.
[
|
[2] |
程朋根, 龚健雅 . 地勘工程三维空间数据模型及其数据结构设计[J]. 测绘学报, 2001,30(1):74-81.
[
|
[3] |
程朋根 . 地矿三维空间数据模型及相关算法研究[D]. 武汉:武汉大学, 2005.
[
|
[4] |
明镜 . 三维地质建模技术研究[J]. 地理与地理信息科学, 2011,27(4):14-18.
[
|
[5] |
吴立新, 史文中 ,
[
|
[6] |
曹代勇, 李青元, 朱小弟 , 等. 地质构造三维可视化模型探讨[J]. 地质与勘探, 2001,37(4):60-62.
[
|
[7] |
|
[8] |
李清泉 . 基于混合结构的三维GIS数据模型与空间分析研究[D]. 武汉:武汉测绘科技大学, 1998.
[
|
[9] |
孙敏, 陈军 . 基于几何元素的三维景观实体建模研究[J]. 武汉测绘科技大学学报, 2000,25(3):233-237.
[
|
[10] |
|
[11] |
韩国建, 郭达志, 金学林 . 矿体信息的八叉树存储和检索技术[J]. 测绘学报, 1992,21(1):13-17.
[
|
[12] |
肖乐斌, 龚建华, 谢传杰 . 线性四叉树和线性八叉树邻域寻找的一种新算法[J]. 测绘学报,1998,27(3):195-203. ]
[
|
[13] |
赵学胜, 贲进, 孙文彬 , 等. 地球剖分格网研究进展综述[J]. 测绘学报, 2016,45(S1):1-14.
[
|
[14] |
|
[15] |
吴立新, 余接情 . 地球系统空间格网及其应用模式[J]. 地理与地理信息科学, 2012,28(1):7-13.
[
|
[16] |
王金鑫, 禄丰年, 郭同德 , 等. 球体大圆弧QTM八叉树剖分[J]. 武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2013,38(3):344-348.
[
|
[17] |
王金鑫, 郑亚圣, 李耀辉 , 等. 利用球体剖分瓦块构建真三维数字地球平台[J]. 测绘学报,2015,44(6):694-701.
[
|
[18] |
|
[19] |
邹煚, 王金鑫, 李仕学 , 等. 球体剖分瓦块的大区域真三维地理场景构建[J]. 测绘科学, 2017,42(10):142-147.
[
|
[20] |
[EB/OL], 2018-12-01.
|
[21] |
马钧霆, 陈锁忠, 何志超 , 等. 面向GTP的三维地质模型空间剖切方法与应用[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2015,17(2):153-159.
[
|
[22] |
王金鑫, 李耀辉, 郑亚圣 , 等. 基于SGOG瓦块的数字地球真三维可视化技术与应用[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2015,17(4):438-444.
[
|
/
〈 | 〉 |