Journal of Geo-information Science >
Multiscale Spatial Differentiation and Physical Influencing Factors of Urban and Rural Settlements in the Middle Reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin
Received date: 2019-04-08
Request revised date: 2019-06-15
Online published: 2019-09-24
Supported by
Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20040401)
Key Research and Development project of Gansu Province(18YF1TA052)
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41701173,41961027(41701173)
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41701173,41961027(41961027)
Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Sciences Research Youth Foundation(17YJCZH268)
Copyright
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has a vast land area, but the space suitable for human habitation is highly concentrated on parts of the plateau. The middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin is the most important population residing area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In this case study of the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin, the kernel density analysis, space hotspot detection, the Geodetector, and other methods were applied to reveal the spatial differentiation characteristics of the size, shape, and density of urban and rural settlements and to detect the influence of physical factors from the perspective of multiscale feature units of "point-polyline-polygon". The results show that: (1) At the basin scale, there is a large difference in the scale of townships in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin, basically forming a North-South symmetry with "Pengcuolin-Zengshi Township" as the axis. Moreover, the pattern of the urban and rural settlements is generally regular and the density is generally low. (2) At the transect scale, only the density distribution of the Lhasa River strip is linear, while the size, shape, and density of the Yarlung Zangbo River and Xiangqu-Nianchu River, and the shape and scale of the Lhasa River are nonlinear in their respective directions. In other words, in the east-west direction of the residential area, the distribution scale and shape are characterized by "large and small at both ends" and the distribution density "small and large at both ends". However, the scale, shape, and density of the north-south direction are characterized by "large in south and small in north". (3) At the patch scale, the size of settlements is generally small, with an area of less than 1000 m 2, up to 19 099, accounting for 55.14%. The shape of the settlement is relatively regular; there are 21 256 plaque shapes for the rule type, accounting for 61.37%. Finally, the overall distribution density is low (only 0.34/km 2). (4) The size, shape, and density of urban and rural settlements are affected by many physical factors, but the influence degree of each factor is different. Among them, precipitation has no significant impact on the size, shape, and density of residential areas, altitude has the greatest impact on the size and density of urban and rural settlements, while topography and river proximity have significant impact on the morphology. Our findings can provide theoretical basis for rational optimization of the population distribution pattern on the plateau and the formulation of scientific plateau development strategies, so as to better serve the national ecological security and the economic development of Tibet.
QIAO Fuwei , BAI Yongping , ZHOU Liang , CHE Lei , CAO Peng , CHEN Zhijie . Multiscale Spatial Differentiation and Physical Influencing Factors of Urban and Rural Settlements in the Middle Reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2019 , 21(9) : 1341 -1351 . DOI: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.190160
表1 雅鲁藏布江中游地区不同样带居民点景观指数趋势分析Tab. 1 Trend analysis of the landscape indices of settlements in different sample zones in the middle reaches of Yarlung Zangbo River Basin |
类型 | TA | MSI | PD | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
雅鲁藏布江样带 | |||||
拉萨河样带 | |||||
湘曲-年楚河样带 |
注:“―”表示投影在东西方向的趋势线;“―”表示投影在南北方向的趋势线;“|”表示居民点TA、MSI、PD数值的大小;“·”表示数据在某一平面内的投影。 |
表2 雅鲁藏布江中游地区居民点规模、形态和密度自然因素的探测结果Tab. 2 Detection results of physical influencing factors on scale, shape, and density of the settlements in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin |
海拔 | 坡度 | 气温 | 降水 | 地势起伏度 | 河流邻近性 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
规模 | 0.316 | 0.211 | 0.199 | 0.028 | 0.036 | 0.240 |
(0.00) | (0.04) | (0.00) | (0.44) | (0.08) | (0.01) | |
形态 | 0.180 | 0.121 | 0.140 | 0.050 | 0.200 | 0.160 |
(0.80) | (0.13) | (0.30) | (0.99) | (0.03) | (0.05) | |
密度 | 0.290 | 0.200 | 0.279 | 0.050 | 0.123 | 0.061 |
(0.00) | (0.02) | (0.00) | (0.13) | (0.00) | (0.04) |
注:()内为显著性检验p值。 |
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