Journal of Geo-information Science >
Statistical Verification of Home-Work Separation based on Commuting Distance
Received date: 2018-11-26
Request revised date: 2019-07-24
Online published: 2019-12-11
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51778432)
Copyright
Measurement of the relationship between home-work separation and commuting distance is a guide to public policy and urban planning. However, the reliability and accuracy of calculation and validation have various limitations in this filed. The widely used home-work ratio based on space units has the scaling and boundary limitations. This study reexamined the relationship using accurate population and economic census data and mobile phone signaling data of Shanghai. A home-work balance region was defined firstly in the central city. The expected housing density of workers was estimated from working locations by using density estimation function and then compared with the actual data. The relationship was established from home-work separation to commuting distance. The scaling and boundary limitations can be reduced by this method. Using the home-work separation zero-one index to verify the separation degree based on average commuting distance which presents a strong linear correlation. Although the result is significant, there are still outliers to the regression equation. The reason of the home-work mismatch of the outliers was explained based on experience, which improved criterion dependability qualitatively. Using the above-mentioned methods, we conclude that workers commute longer and residents commute shorter in job-rich areas, contrasting to the opposite results in housing-rich areas. The areas have less total commuting distance with more balanced home-work index, while have more total commuting distance with more separate index. The methods were proved effective in the case of Shanghai and can be applied to the central regions of other metropolises.
SONG Xiaodong , WANG Yuanyuan , YANG Yuying , ZHANG Kaiyi , NIU Xinyi . Statistical Verification of Home-Work Separation based on Commuting Distance[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2019 , 21(11) : 1699 -1709 . DOI: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2019.180606
图8 以街镇为单元用手机信令计算的职工平均通勤距离注:颜色偏红距离较长。 Fig. 8 Workers' average commuting distance by sub-district or township units using signaling data |
表1 职工通勤距离异常街镇Tab. 1 Sub-districts and townships with outliers of workers' commuting distance (expected data in left and mobile phone data in right side, in km) (km) |
职工通勤距离偏长 | 职工通勤距离偏短 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
明显异常 | 一般异常 | 明显异常 | 一般异常 | ||
职大于住 | 唐镇街道(7.4, 11.6) 高东镇(7.5, 10.5) 打浦桥(7.2, 9.6) 张江高科(9.1, 11.7) | 外高桥保税区 张江镇 | - | 上钢新村 程家桥 新虹街道 | |
住大于职 | 曹路镇(6.7, 9.4) | - | - | - |
注:括号中的左侧为函数估计值,右侧为信令观测值。 |
表2 居民通勤距离异常街镇Tab. 2 Sub-districts and townships with outliers of residents' commuting distance (km) |
居民通勤距离偏长 | 居民通勤距离偏短 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
明显异常 | 一般异常 | 明显异常 | 一般异常 | ||
职大 于住 | 上钢新村 (6.8, 9.4) | 新虹 街道 | 北站街道 (7.5, 5.5) | 豫园 街道 | |
住大 于职 | 殷行街道 (8.5, 10.6) | - | 宝山工业园 (8.2, 5.8) | 老西门 南翔镇 江桥镇 |
注:括号中的左侧为函数估计值,右侧为信令观测值。 |
图10 置信区间为90%,95%的线性相关的异常样本点Fig. 10 Outlier sub-districts/towns at the 90% and 95% confidence intervals |
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