Journal of Geo-information Science >
A Method of Spatio-temporal Characteristics Analysis of Chemical Enterprises Using Big Data and Their Potential Impacts on Waterbodies
Received date: 2021-11-28
Revised date: 2021-12-15
Online published: 2022-06-25
Supported by
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1800103)
Copyright
Chemical enterprises usually pose a threat to waterbodies due to the discharge of industrial wastewater. Assessing negative impacts of chemical enterprises on waterbodies is therefore significant to regional environment management. Thereby, a waterbody affected assessment method using the Internet big data and the regional growth method was proposed in this paper. Taking Jiangsu Province as a study case, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of chemical enterprises, which obtained by the Internet data mining technology, were analyzed. Then, the potential impacted areas by the enterprises were simulated using the regional growth method, and on this basis, potential impacts of the enterprises on surrounding waterbody were analyzed. The results revealed that: (1) the number of the chemical enterprises in Jiangsu Province experienced the trend of "rapidly increasing, slowly increasing and then slowly decreasing" due to the policies changes from 1990 to 2020. In terms of spatial distribution, more chemical enterprises were distributed in the south than in the north of Jiangsu Province. The distribution of enterprises in the south shaped as some large-scale contiguous clusters, mainly in Wuxi and Changzhou, while shaped as some small spots-like areas in the north. (2) The waterbody and water source protection areas of Jiangsu Province have been potentially threatened by the chemical enterprises to some extent. In 2020, more than one-fifth of the waterbody in Jiangsu Province was distributed within the 3 km buffer zones of the enterprises. Nearly 6% of the waterbody was located in the potential impact area by the enterprises. Besides, there were more than 200 (5%) chemical enterprises in 116 water source protection zones. (3) About 65% of chemical enterprises were located within the 10km buffer zones of the rivers, suggested that the chemical enterprises tend to be built near to the rivers. Furthermore, the enterprises were concentrated in the 10km buffer zone of the Yangtze River mostly. During 1990 to 2020, the new enterprises mainly gathered in the Yangtze River, with the number of the enterprises increasing from 15.6% to 18.7%. The dense distribution thereby resulted in frequent water pollution incidents occurring around the Yangtze River. In addition, Mengjin River, Dapu Port, Dapu Port, Guanhe River, and some tributaries of the Yangtze River (Jiajiang River, etc.) were affected by surrounding chemical enterprises heavily, which were also illustrated by previous literature and reports. Therefore, we suggest that the layout of monitoring sites and water quality monitoring around these rivers should be strengthened. Starting from the Internet data mining of chemical enterprises, combined with the simulation of potential impact areas of enterprises, this paper can effectively identify the key areas or river sections of waterbodies that are affected. Moreover, the proposed method of waterbody pollution impact assessment provides a methodological support for assessing negative impact of chemical enterprises on waterbody at national wide, which is of great significance to the comprehensive treatment of water pollution and ecological environment protection.
WANG Ziwei , CAI Hongyan , CHEN Mulin . A Method of Spatio-temporal Characteristics Analysis of Chemical Enterprises Using Big Data and Their Potential Impacts on Waterbodies[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2022 , 24(4) : 673 -683 . DOI: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2022.210761
表1 江苏省化工类企业潜在影响区内水域面积及占比Tab. 1 The area and its proportion of waterbody in the potential impact areas of chemical enterprises in Jiangsu Province |
年份 | 潜在影响区域 | 3 km区域 | 全省水域 总面积/km2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | |||
1990 | 374 | 3.48 | 1234 | 11.50 | 10 734 | |
1995 | 673 | 6.23 | 2087 | 19.33 | 10 795 | |
2000 | 807 | 7.28 | 2413 | 21.79 | 11 076 | |
2005 | 945 | 8.19 | 2902 | 25.13 | 11 546 | |
2010 | 838 | 7.26 | 2652 | 22.99 | 11 536 | |
2015 | 786 | 6.86 | 2553 | 22.29 | 11 453 | |
2020 | 752 | 5.94 | 2558 | 20.20 | 12 666 |
表2 江苏省河流不同距离内化工类企业数量Tab. 2 The number of chemical enterprises in different buffer zones of the rivers in Jiangsu Province (个,%) |
距离 | 1990年 | 1995年 | 2000年 | 2005年 | 2010年 | 2015年 | 2020年 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
个数 | 占比 | 个数 | 占比 | 个数 | 占比 | 个数 | 占比 | 个数 | 占比 | 个数 | 占比 | 个数 | 占比 | |||||||
水源地保护区 | 109 | 7.0 | 304 | 6.8 | 373 | 6.8 | 357 | 5.7 | 288 | 5.3 | 276 | 5.4 | 236 | 4.9 | ||||||
0~1 km | 130 | 8.4 | 364 | 8.2 | 463 | 8.4 | 592 | 9.4 | 488 | 9.0 | 446 | 8.7 | 402 | 8.4 | ||||||
1~3 km | 268 | 17.2 | 856 | 19.2 | 1033 | 18.7 | 1207 | 19.2 | 1172 | 21.7 | 1160 | 22.6 | 1068 | 22.4 | ||||||
3~5 km | 195 | 12.5 | 521 | 11.7 | 675 | 12.2 | 794 | 12.7 | 731 | 13.5 | 724 | 14.1 | 673 | 14.1 | ||||||
5~7 km | 199 | 12.8 | 579 | 13.0 | 645 | 11.7 | 703 | 11.2 | 597 | 11.0 | 558 | 10.8 | 518 | 10.9 | ||||||
7~10 km | 214 | 13.8 | 554 | 12.4 | 681 | 12.4 | 749 | 11.9 | 587 | 10.8 | 549 | 10.7 | 509 | 10.7 | ||||||
总数 | 1554 | 4464 | 5511 | 6271 | 5411 | 5143 | 4770 | |||||||||||||
水质断面(达到III类水) | 39.8* | 26.9 | 38.2 | 43.2 | 90.7 |
注:*为2001年数据。 |
[1] |
|
[2] |
|
[3] |
王亚变, 刘佳. 甘肃省突发水污染事故时空分布特征及防控对策建议[J]. 甘肃科技, 2019,35(9):4-7.
[
|
[4] |
|
[5] |
|
[6] |
|
[7] |
中国环境检测总站. 2015中国环境状况公报[R]. 北京: 2016-06-02.
[ China Environmental Monitoring Center. 2015 China Environmental Status Bulletin[R]. Beijing: 2016-06-02. ]
|
[8] |
许静, 王永桂, 陈岩, 等. 中国突发水污染事件时空分布特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(12):4566-4575.
[
|
[9] |
吉立, 刘晶, 李志威, 等. 2011—2015年我国水污染事件及原因分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017,33(9):775-782.
[
|
[10] |
|
[11] |
|
[12] |
于慧, 仲佳, 刘邵权, 等. 张家口地区排污工业企业集聚与水污染空间耦合特征[J]. 自然资源学报, 2020,35(6):1416-1424.
[
|
[13] |
张静, 段扬, 张伟, 等. 京津冀区域工业水污染排放空间密度特征研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2018,27(1):115-121.
[
|
[14] |
王亚变, 刘佳, 王金相. 甘肃省黄河流域环境风险现状分析及评估研究[J]. 西北师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2020,56(6):124-130.
[
|
[15] |
刘振坤, 吴华勇, 刘峰, 等. 中国焦化场地近20年时空演变特征及驱动因素[J]. 生态环境学报, 2021,30(3):604-613.
[
|
[16] |
徐维祥, 张筱娟, 刘程军. 长三角制造业企业空间分布特征及其影响机制研究:尺度效应与动态演进[J]. 地理研究, 2019,38(5):1236-1252.
[
|
[17] |
仲佳, 于慧, 刘邵权. 张家口市排污工业点源空间分布格局[J]. 自然资源学报, 2020,35(6):1402-1415.
[
|
[18] |
|
[19] |
高爽, 魏也华, 陈雯, 等. 发达地区制造业集聚和水污染的空间关联——以无锡市区为例[J]. 地理研究, 2011,30(5):902-912.
[
|
[20] |
李翔, 李妍颖, 李绍康, 等. 地下水潜在污染源危害性评价方法研究[J]. 环境科学研究, 2020,33(6):1328-1336.
[
|
[21] |
中国化工信息周刊. 江苏石化产业现状及发展趋势[EB/OL].https://www.sohu.com/a/413250235_806277, 2020-08-15.
[ China Chemical Information Weekly. The status and development trend of Jiangsu petrochemical industry [EB/OL].https://www.sohu.com/a/413250235_806277, 2020-08-15. ]
|
[22] |
邹辉, 段学军. 长江沿江地区化工产业空间格局演化及影响因素[J]. 地理研究, 2019,38(4):884-897.
[
|
[23] |
王秀波, 曹宝, 薛婕, 等. 三峡库区潜在水环境风险源识别与分级评价方法研究[J]. 环境工程, 2016,34(2):138-142.
[
|
[24] |
杨晓庆, 朱继业. 江苏省水环境污染与经济发展关系研究[J]. 国土资源科技管理, 2013,30(2):130-136.
[
|
[25] |
江苏省水利厅. 江苏省水资源有多少[EB/OL]. http://jssslt.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2008/11/5/art_54043_7997587.html, 2008-11-05.
[ Department of Water Resources of Jiangsu Province. How much water resources are there in Jiangsu Province[EB/OL]. http://jssslt.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2008/11/5/art_54043_7997587.html, 2008-11-05.]
|
[26] |
潘杰. 江苏地区水污染状况分析与对策研究[J]. 人民长江, 2017,38(8):48-50.
[
|
[27] |
黄劲松. 江苏省环境系统特点及环境污染状况[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 1998,7(4):364-369.
[
|
[28] |
江苏省水利厅. 2020年江苏省水资源公报[R]. 北京: 2021-08-27.
[ Department of Water Resources of Jiangsu Province. 2020 Jiangsu Water Resources Bulletin[R]. Beijing: 2021-08-27. ]
|
[29] |
智研咨询. 2018年苏省化工行业发展现状及未来发展方向分析[EB/OL].https://www.chyxx.com/industry/201909/782435.html, 2019-09-12.
[ Zhiyan Consulting. Analysis of the development status and future development direction of the chemical industry in Jiangsu Province in 2018[EB/OL]. https://www.chyxx.com/industry/201909/782435.html, 2019-09-12. ]
|
[30] |
江苏人民代表大会常务委员会. 江苏省人民代表大会常务委员会关于加强饮用水源地保护的决定[EB/OL].http://www.jsrd.gov.cn/zyfb/jyjd/201901/t20190125_510998.shtml, 2019-01-25.
[ The Standing Committee of the Jiangsu People's Congress. Decision of the standingcommittee of the Jiangsu Provincial people's congress on strengthening the protection of drinking water sources[EB/OL]. http://www.jsrd.gov.cn/zyfb/jyjd/201901/t20190125_510998.shtml, 2019-01-25.]
|
[31] |
周夏飞, 於方, 刘琦, 等. 东江流域突发水污染风险分区研究[J]. 生态学报, 2020,40(14):4813-4822.
[
|
[32] |
中华人民共和国生态环境部. 关于印发《行政区域突发环境事件风险评估推荐方法》的通知[EB/OL]. https://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgt/201802/t20180206_430931.htm, 2018-01-31.
[ Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China. Recommended methods for risk assessment of environmental emergencies in administrative regions[EB/OL].https://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgt/201802/t20180206_430931.htm, 2018-01-31. ]
|
[33] |
|
[34] |
江苏省人民政府. 省政府办公厅关于印发全省化工生产企业专项整治方案的通知[EB/OL]. http://www.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2006/10/9/art_46144_2545974.html, 2006-10-09.
[ Jiangsu Provincial People's Government. Notice of the general office of the provincial government on printing and distributing the special rectification plan for chemical production enterprises in the province[EB/OL]. http://www.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2006/10/9/art_46144_2545974.html, 2006-10-09.]
|
[35] |
江苏省人民政府. 省政府关于印发推进环境保护工作若干政策措施的通知[EB/OL]. http://www.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2006/7/20/art_46143_2543606.html, 2006-7-20.
[ Jiangsu Provincial People's Government. Notice of the provincial government on printing and distributing several policies and measures for promoting environmental protection work[EB/OL]. http://www.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2006/7/20/art_46143_2543606.html, 2006-7-20.]
|
[36] |
中华人民共和国中央人民政府. 江苏省开展“两减六治三提升”专项行动[EB/OL]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-12/15/content_5148265.htm#1, 2016-12-15.
[ The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. Jiangsu Province launched the special action of "two reductions, six governance and three improvements"[EB/OL]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-12/15/content_5148265.htm#1, 2016-12-15.]
|
[37] |
江苏省人民政府. 江苏省政府关于深入推进全省化工行业转型发展的实施意见[EB/OL]. http://www.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2016/11/11/art_46572_2555892.html, 2016-11-11.
[ Jiangsu Provincial People's Government. Implementation opinions of the Jiangsu Provincial government on further promoting the transformation anddevelopment of the chemical industry in the province[EB/OL]. http://www.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2016/11/11/art_46572_2555892.html, 2016-11-11.]
|
[38] |
苏杨. 对我国中小企业污染治理及融资情况的调研与政策建议[J]. 中国发展, 2004(4):63-68.
[
|
[39] |
朱德明, 赵海霞, 曲福田. 江苏沿江化工产业发展对水环境的影响及对策[J]. 地域研究与开发, 2006,25(1):54-57.
[
|
[40] |
李娜. 江苏沿江地区化工行业同构状况及合意性评判[J]. 软科学, 2009,23(8):82-87,91.
[
|
[41] |
郁建桥, 宋兴伟, 徐亮, 等. 江苏响水爆炸事件环境应急监测工作几点思考[J]. 中国环境监测, 2021,37(2):148-156.
[
|
[42] |
江苏省生态环境厅. 突出重点加强领导着眼长远扎实开展化工生产企业专项整治[EB/OL].http://hbt.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2007/5/16/art_1812_4081409.html, 2007-05-16.
[ Jiangsu Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment. Highlight key points, strengthen leadership, focus on the long-term, and solidly carry out special rectification of chemical production enterprises[EB/OL]. http://hbt.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2007/5/16/art_1812_4081409.html, 2007-05-16.]
|
[43] |
郁晶, 凌虹, 陈婷, 等. 江苏省化学工业主要水污染物排放地方标准研究[J]. 江苏环境科技, 2008,21(2):47-49,78.
[
|
/
〈 | 〉 |