Journal of Geo-information Science >
Spatial Simulation of Compound Flood Hazard Risk in Coastal Megacities under Climate Change
Received date: 2023-06-12
Revised date: 2023-09-25
Online published: 2023-12-05
Supported by
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3800705)
Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(21JR7RA278)
Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(21JR7RA281)
Coastal megacities are typically situated in low-lying and densely populated areas. The occurrence of storm surge compound flooding has the potential to result in catastrophic social, economic, and ecological impacts for these coastal cities. The rising sea levels and the increased intensity and frequency of tropical cyclones caused by global warming will exacerbate the challenges faced by coastal cities. Therefore, accurately assessing compound flooding events caused by tropical cyclones is critical to protecting coastal areas from inundation. However, research on the impact of climate change on the risk of tropical cyclone induced compound flooding in coastal areas is still limited. In this study, we used the EC-EARTH3P climate model and selected a dataset of climate change tropical cyclone trajectories synthesized by the STORM model. This dataset is generated using historical data from the International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) to simulate synthetic tropical cyclones under future climate conditions. Subsequently, we used the coupled Delft3D FLOW & WAVE hydrodynamic model to simulate the impact of storm surge compound water levels on coastal areas due to the nonlinear effects of tropical cyclones wind fields and waves. Furthermore, we investigated the contributions of tropical cyclones and sea level rise to coastal storm surge compound flooding under different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) scenarios, taking the Shanghai city, located within an estuary and along the coastline of China, as our case study. The results showed that climate change had a significant impact on storm surge compound flooding. The future compound flooding disasters exhibited spatial variations in shanghai and differences in water level heights, influenced by future cyclone paths and intensities. Among these areas, Chongming district was the most seriously affected area by storm surge compound flooding. In addition, sea level rise under different climate scenarios will lead to more severe flood hazards in the Shanghai area. We found that although sea level rise will further intensify the impact of storm surge compound flooding in Shanghai, tropical cyclones will have a greater influence on future compound flooding in the city. The spatial risk analysis framework for compound flooding hazards under climate change designed in this study can also be applied to research future storm surge compound flooding hazards in other coastal megacities. Our research findings not only provide a foundational basis for policymakers and flood risk managers to identify risk vulnerable areas, but also provide significant implications for coastal adaptation measures and urban emergency response planning.
SUN Qinke , ZHOU Liang , WANG Bao . Spatial Simulation of Compound Flood Hazard Risk in Coastal Megacities under Climate Change[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2023 , 25(12) : 2427 -2438 . DOI: 10.12082/230326.2023.230326
表1 数据来源及简介Tab. 1 Data source and introduction |
数据类型 | 数据详情 | 年份 | 数据来源 |
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高程数据 | SRTM 高程数据 | 2022 | https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search?q=SRTM |
测深数据 | GEBCO_2022数据 | 2022 | https://www.gebco.net/data_and_products/gridded_bathymetry_data/gebco_2022 |
温妮路径 | 中国气象局热带气旋温妮的最佳路径 参数数据 | 1997 | https://tcdata.typhoon.org.cn/dlrdqx_zl.html |
温妮观测站点 | 上海气候中心温妮风暴潮观测站点数据 | 1997 | http://sh.cma.gov.cn/ |
潮汐信息 | OTIS潮汐振幅和相位 | 2020 | https://www.tpxo.net/otis |
潮汐观测站点 | IHO国际水文观测组织潮汐观测站点数据 | 2020 | https://iho.int/en/twcwg-tidal-data-sets-analysis |
海平面上升 | IPCC AR6不同气候情景最新海平面上升预测数据 | 2022 | https://sealevel.nasa.gov/ipcc-ar6-sea-level-projection-tool |
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